71,331 research outputs found
Tomosvaryella chilensis Ale-Rocha 1996
No full text<i>Tomosvaryella chilensis</i> Ale-Rocha, 1996 <p> <i>Tomosvaryella chilensis</i> Ale-Rocha, 1996: 167-169, figs. 16-24.</p> <p> <b>Holotype:</b> Male (LEP, type specimen not located), Chile, Biobío (Mulchén, Caledonia).</p> <p> <b>Distribution: Chile:</b> Región de Valparaíso: Marga Marga Province: Los Perales, Estero Marga Marga. Región Metropolitana de Santiago: Chacabuco Province: Til-Til; Santiago Province: Quebrada de la Plata, Rinconada de Maipú; Cordillera Province: Las Vizcachas; Maipo Province: Altos de Cantillana, Rincón El Árbol. Región de O′Higgins: Cachapoal Province: Las Cabras. Región de Ñuble: Diguillín Province: Las Trancas, Shangrila. Región del Biobío: Biobío Province: Mulchén, Caledonia; Concepción Province: Parque Botánico Hualpén, Talcahuano. Región de La Araucanía: Malleco Province: Cabrería, NP Nahuelbuta,Victoria, Monte Mila. Región de Los Ríos:Valdivia Province:Valdivia. Región de Los Lagos: Osorno Province: Anticura, NP Puyehue; Llanquihue Province: Correntoso, Horno Huinco; Chiloé Province: Tepuhueico.</p> <p> <b>References:</b> Ale-Rocha(1996); Rafael & Ale-Rocha (1997); De Meyer & Skevington (2000);Rodríguez & Rafael (2012).</p>Published as part of <i>Rafael, José Albertino, González, Christian Raúl & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2023, A catalog of Pipunculidae of Chile (Diptera), pp. 1-9 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 63</i> on page 6, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.017, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8109959">http://zenodo.org/record/8109959</a>
Tomosvaryella bissulca Ale-Rocha 1996
No full text<i>Tomosvaryella bissulca</i> Ale-Rocha, 1996 <p> <i>Tomosvaryella bissulca</i> Ale-Rocha, 1996: 167, figs. 9-15.</p> <p> <b>Holotype:</b> Male (CAS), Chile, Santiago (La Rinconada Maipú).</p> <p> <b>Distribution: Argentina:</b> Salta, Catamarca. <b>Chile:</b> Región de Coquimbo: Elqui Province: Baños Pangue; Choapa Province: El Naranjo. Región Metropolitana de Santiago: Santiago Province: La Rinconada Maipú, Quebrada de la Plata.</p> <p> <b>References:</b> Ale-Rocha (1996); Rafael & Ale-Rocha (1997); De Meyer & Skevington (2000); Ale-Rocha& Souza (2011); Rodríguez & Rafael (2012).</p>Published as part of <i>Rafael, José Albertino, González, Christian Raúl & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2023, A catalog of Pipunculidae of Chile (Diptera), pp. 1-9 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 63</i> on page 6, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.017, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8109959">http://zenodo.org/record/8109959</a>
A polinização da pereira europeia (pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) no sul do Brasil
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Florianópolis, 2014No Brasil, a produção de pera é insuficiente para atender a demanda interna, gerando uma crescente necessidade de importação de frutas que podem ser produzidas nas regiões mais frias. Por isso, a pera é a fruta fresca importada em maior quantidade pelo Brasil. Por ser alógama devido à incompatibilidade gametofítica, a maioria das cultivares europeias de pereiras não produzem frutos com sementes sem a presença de insetos polinizadores. Neste contexto, foram realizados ensaios buscando elucidar os aspectos da biologia reprodutiva da pereira portuguesa (Pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) e suas cultivares polinizadoras, assim como avaliar a qualidade das colmeias destinadas à polinização. Os resultados mostraram que a fenologia das cvs. Rocha e suas polinizadoras diferiu entre elas e entre os anos, podendo afetar significativamente a polinização. A data aproximada da plena floração das cultivares estudadas foi similar em 2012 (? 17//09), porém, diferiu em 2013. Foi observado que a cv. Rocha polinizada com pólen de cultivares compatíveis apresentou elevada frutificação efetiva, chegando a atingir até 67,8% de frutificação efetiva sem a aplicação exógena de giberelina. Além disso, nestes frutos observou-se maior número de sementes (>5 sementes.fruto-1), o que acarretou frutos com melhores índices de qualidade comparativamente com outros tratamentos de polinização. A autopolinização promoveu a formação de frutos (10,9% de frutificação efetiva em 2012 e 1,66% em 2013), mas em quantidade e qualidade inferiores aos frutos oriundos de polinização cruzada. A partenocarpia natural foi observada na cv. Rocha, mas esta incapaz de sustentar produções comercialmente viáveis (4,16% de frutificação efetiva). A aplicação exógena de ácido giberélico mostrou ser uma opção para o aumento da frutificação efetiva através do estímulo da formação de frutos partenocárpicos, contudo foi observada uma variação na sua eficiência entre os anos (frutificação efetiva de 74,1% em 2012, reduzindo para 30,0% no ano seguinte) e a tendência da redução da qualidade dos frutos formados, os quais eram menores e mais alongados do que os frutos com sementes. A produção de néctar variou entre cultivares e entre os anos, mas sendo sempre considerados volumes pequenos (Abstract: In Brazil, the pear production is insufficient to supply the domestic demand, creating a growing market for imported fruits that can be produced in south Brazil. Due to this, Brazil's fresh pear imports grow every year. Since pears are alogamous due to gametophytic incompatibility, most European pear cultivars do not produce fruit with seeds without the presence of pollinating insects. In this context, experiments were conducted to elucidate the aspects of the reproductive biology of the Portuguese pear (Pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) and their pollinating cultivars, as well as the quality of the hives used for orchard pollination. The results show that the phenology of cvs. Rocha and their pollinators differs between them and years, which may significantly affect pollination. The approximate date of full bloom of the cultivars was similar in 2012 (~=17/09) while differ in 2013. We observed that cv. Rocha pollinated with pollen from compatible cultivars showed a high fruit set, reaching up to 67,8% of fruit set without exogenous gibberellin application. Moreover, in these fruits was observed a greater number of seeds (> 5 seeds.fruit-1), which resulted in higher quality fruits (scores compared with other pollination treatments). Self-pollination produced some fruits (10,9% of fruit set in 2012 and 1,66% in 2013), but in lower quantity and quality when compared with cross-pollination. Natural parthenocarpy was observed in cv. Rocha, but it was unable to sustain commercially viable yields (4,16% of fruit set). The exogenous gibberellic acid application was an option for increasing fruit set by stimulating the formation of parthenocarpic fruits, however we observed a variation of it's efficiency between years (fruit set of 74,1% in 2012, decreasing to 30,0% in 2013) and showed a trend of reduced quality of formed fruits, which were smaller and more elongated than the fruit with seeds produced by cross-pollination. Nectar production varied among cultivars and years, but always being considered small volumes (<3µL) and whith low sugar content (<20ºBrix), which resulted in low attractiveness of pollinators (<1 bee.tree-1.minute-1). In the surrounding area of the orchard we observed strong competition with Mimosa scabrella and Piptocarpha angustifolia wich bear more and richer nectar. We observed poor natural pollination due to the non-pollen deposition on the stigmas of 'Rocha' after a legitimate flower visit by Apis mellifera, possibly due to lack of pollinating plants and low density of quality beehives in the orchard. The hives used for pollination showed a variation in their population between years, wich can be observed in the significant reduction in the number of combs covered with larvae and honey reserves from 2012 to 2013, resulting in lower activity of foraging bees in the period of maximum flight activity (100,8 foraging bees entering in the hive.minute-1 in 2012 and 59,3 foraging bees entering in the hive.minute-1 in 2013). We also observed the presence of Varroa destructor (infestation of 1.89 and 1.45% in 2012 and 2013, respectively) and Nosema ceranae (712.000 spores.bee-1 in 2012)
Pyura vittata Rocha et al. 2005
No full textPyura vittata (Stimpson, 1852) (Figures 15–17) Pyura vittata: Van Name, 1945 (part): 321, fig 213 (upper figures); Monniot C., 1983: 1024, fig. 2, and synonymy; Monniot F., 2018: 423, fig 21–23; not Monniot F., 2016: 237, fig. 29 (= P. beta). Material Examined: DZUP PYU-76, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'N 82°20'W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-77, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'N, 82°20'W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-78, Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°17'30”N 82°10'20”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 11.08.2003; DZUP PYU-79, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'N, 82°20'W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-80, Crawl Key, Bastimentos, Bocas del Toro, 9°15’2.6”N 82°07’38”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 03.08.2003; DZUP PYU-81, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'N 82°20'W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-82, STRI Point, Isla Colon, Bocas del Toro, 9°21’08”N, 82°15'35.2”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-83, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'N, 82°20'W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.08.2003; DZUP PYU-106, Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°16'38.9”N 82°12'24.1”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 19.06.2014; DZUP PYU-136, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'19.92”N 82°19'58.08”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 17.08.2006; DZUP PYU-148, 8 individuals, Punta Galeta, Colon 9°24'15”N 79°51'49”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 06.01.2009; DZUP PYU-149, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'19.92”N 82°19'58.08”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 17.08.2006; DZUP PYU-165, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'19.92”N 82°19'58.08”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 15.08.2006. Description. Animals can reach 5.5 cm at the longest length. The tunic is leathery and rough with numerous organisms encrusting the brown or light brown surface (Fig. 15). The tunic is white inside and has a yellowish soft membrane. In the field, the siphons show four small triangular lobes, the oral siphon is usually apical and the atrial more lateral. There are long spines (~160 µm) lining both siphons with a very distinctive shape: narrow with a round enlargement in the middle and at the posterior extremity (Fig. 16C, D). Iridescent spots of blue, green or yellow color caused by the reflection of light by the enlarged areas of the spines are seen against a brown or reddish background (Fig. 15). After long fixation, the tunic turns light brown. Often, a tinge of red can still be seen around the siphons. The body wall has many longitudinal muscles radiating from the siphons; they form thin bands that cross each other making a musculature net. Circular muscles densely surround both siphons. The U-shaped right gonad and the enlarged secondary loop of the alimentary canal on the left side are visible through the transparent body wall (Fig. 16A, B). The tentacles project at the level of a strong muscular sphincter, the number ranging between 16–29. They are flat, very wide at the base and ramifying two or three times, with primary ramifications projecting along the posterior margin (Fig. 16E, F). The third order ramifications are minute and only appear in the largest tentacles that can reach 7 mm in length. The peritubercle region forms a deep V with the dorsal tubercle has U- or C-shaped aperture with enrolled ends. The dorsal lamina is divided in numerous thin and long densely packed languets. The pharynx has six folds per side and is orange when fresh (Fig. 16G), but quickly loses coloration after fixation. The number of longitudinal vessels range from 305 to 410. Longitudinal vessels fray toward the base of the animal, making languets around the esophageal opening. Parastigmatic vessels are present. Endocarps are present along the intestine, especially along the descending limb (Fig. 17B). Both gonads have large endocarps on each lobe, particularly the distal ones (Fig. 17C). Identification Key This tabular key includes all of the Pyura spp. that are known from the shallow waters on the Pacific and Atlantic sides of Panama. The table is based on observed and literature characteristics. 1. Distribution: A. Atlantic; P. Pacific 2. Maximum length of specimen including tunic 3. Color in living specimen (tunic or siphons): B. Brown; Dr. Dark Red; O. Orange; P. Pink; Pu. Purple; R. Red; Y. Yellow; W. Wine color 4. Color inside of the tunic: B. Brown; O. Orange; R. Red; W. White; Y. Yellow 5. Presence of spinules: P. present; A. absent 6. Maximum length of spinules (Μm) 7. Position of the siphons: C. Close to each other; D. Distant from each other (opposite sides); I. Intermediate distance (atrial siphon in half the distance between oral and posterior region) 8. Total number of longitudinal vessels 9. Number of oral tentacles 10. Degree of tentacle ramification: F. First order; S. Second order; T. Third order 11. Number of gonad lobes on the right side 12. Number of gonad lobes on the left side 13. Margin of the anus: L. Lobed; S. Smooth 14. Presence of endocarps: B. Body wall; G. Gonads; I. Intestine 15. Peculiar characteristics: E. numerous endocarps on the body wall; F. Enlarged siphon vellum forming a flap in atrial siphon; I. Enlarged intestinal pouch; T. Extremely thick tunic; V. Ventral right gonad. 1 character variation includes information in Monniot (1994), 2 character variation includes information in Monniot (1983) and Monniot (2018); 3 character variation includes information in Tokioka (1972) The alimentary canal occupies 2/3 of the left side. The primary loop does not reach the peripharyngeal groove, forms a close curve with a vertical descending limb that forms another close second loop with the ascending rectum (Fig. 17A). The intestine is not isodiametric; the secondary loop and rectum are enlarged. The anus is lobed. The digestive gland is dark green and forms lobes connected by long tubes as in a cauliflower. It has two main connections to the stomach. On the left side, the gonad completely fill the space within the primary intestinal loop, the number of gonad lobes ranging from 30–47. The right side of the animal is occupied by a large characteristic Ushaped gonad with 26 to 42 gonadal lobes. The gonoducts are long, the oviduct slightly longer than the sperm duct, both opening at the level of the anus. Remarks. This is one of the most common species both in mangrove and reefs around Bocas del Toro province (Rocha et al. 2005) and also found in Colon region but it has not been found on a survey of the Pacific coast (Carman et al. 2011). The specimens from Panama agree well with the description of P. vittata from Guadeloupe and Martinique (Monniot, C. 1983; Monniot, F. 2018). We believe that P. vittata reported by F. Monniot (2016) from French Guiana is actually P. beta Skinner, Rocha & Counts, 2019.Published as part of Rocha, Rosana M. & Counts, Bailey Keegan, 2019, Pyura (Tunicata: Ascidiacea: Pyuridae) on the coasts of Panama, pp. 491-513 in Zootaxa 4564 (2) on pages 509-512, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/258940
Syneches limeirai Soares & Ale-Rocha
No full textSyneches limeirai Soares & Ale-Rocha (Figs 26A–E, 49) Syneches limeirai Soares & Ale-Rocha, 2018: 638, figs 4–8, 11, 16. Type locality: Piracuruca, Piauí, Brazil. Diagnosis. Small size (3.0 mm) (Fig. 26A). Antenna dark brown (Fig. 26C). Scutum rounded, as broad as mesopleuron in lateral view, dark brown, covered with reddish brown pruinescence (Fig. 26B). Hind femur slender, without spiniform bristles (Fig. 26D); legs with dorsal small black spot at apex of hind femur, fore tarsomeres 1–4 brown, tarsomere 5 of all legs dark brown, otherwise yellow (Figs 26A, D). Wing hyaline; pterostigma inconspicuous; second section of M 1 2 x longer than crossvein r-m (Fig. 26E). Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (CZMA) labelled: “ Brasil, (PI) [Piauí], Piracuruca, P [Parque] N [Nacional] de Sete Cidades, Posto do ICMBio, 04°05′57″S 41°42′34″W ” “Varredura, 08–12.ii.2013, F. Limeira de Oliveira, J.A. Rafael, J.T. Câmara ” “ HOLOTYPE, Syneches limeirai Soares & Ale-Rocha ”. Holotype condition: good; not dissected. Distribution. Brazil (States of Maranhão and Piauí) (Fig. 49). Syneches limeirai is known only from the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes. Remarks. Syneches limeirai is different from all other Brazilian species of Syneches by the following combination of characters: body color predominantly dark brown, wing hyaline with pterostigma inconspicuous and distal margin of hypandrium forming two wide triangular lobes (ref. Soares & Ale-Rocha 2018, fig. 4).Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Syneches jauensis Ale-Rocha & Vieira
No full textSyneches jauensis Ale-Rocha & Vieira (Figs 25A–E, 50) Syneches jauensis Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008: 116, figs 8–14, 37; Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 420, fig 119 (key, distr.). Type locality: Parque Nacional do Jaú, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Medium size (3.6 mm) (Fig. 25A). Antenna brown (Fig. 25C). Scutum rounded, as broad as mesopleuron in lateral view, dark brown (Fig. 25B). Legs slender, with coxae, trochanters, fore and mid femora, fore tarsomeres 1–5 dark yellow, mid tibia and mid tarsomeres 1–2 yellow, otherwise brown (Figs 25A, D). Wing hyaline, membrane brownish smoky; pterostigma long, oval, 2.5 x longer than wide, brown and fulfilling the apex of cell r 1; second section of M 1 longer than crossvein r-m (Fig. 25E). Distal margin of hypandrium with one wide and truncate protuberance. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas, Pq [Parque] N [Nacional] [do] Jaú, Ig [Igarapé] Miratucu, Ig [Igarapé] do Gerlei, 01°57′00″S 61°49′00″W, 23–28.vii.1995 ” “Arm [armadilha] Malaise, J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal ” “Holótipo, Syneches jauensis Ale-Rocha & Vieira ” [red label]. Holotype condition: good; not dissected. Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas) (Fig. 50). Syneches jauensis is known only from the Amazon biome. Remarks. Syneches jauensis differs from all other Brazilian species of Syneches by the slender and predominantly dark yellow to brown legs, pterostigma filling the apex of cell r 1 and distal margin of the hypandrium with one wide and truncate protuberance.Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Pyura lopezlegentilae Rocha & Counts 2019, sp. nov.
No full textPyura lopezlegentilae sp. nov. (Figures 9–11) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 006BDF9E-AC66-4805-BC18-49F0E1D21F6E Material examined: Holotype: MZUSP556 Crawl Key, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'38”N 82°08'25”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 25.08.2006 Paratypes: DZUP PYU-87, Punta Caracol, Isla Colon, Bocas del Toro, 9°22’37.6”N 82°18’7”W, leg. R. Collin, 05.08.2003; DZUP PYU-88, Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°17'30”N 82°10'20”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 11.08.2003; DZUP PYU-111, Bastimentos, Bocas del Toro, 9°16'37”N 82°10'16”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 04.08.2008; DZUP PYU-112, STRI Bay, Bocas del Toro, 9°21'09”N 82°15'32”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 27.08.2008, DZUP PYU- 113, Big Bight, Bocas del Toro, 9°21'56”N, 82°16'49”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 06.06.2009; DZUP PYU-114, Garden Reef, Isla Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°19'23”N 82°13'11”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 11.06.2009; DZUP PYU-115, City Pilings, Bocas del Toro, 9°20'27”N 82°14'21”W, 19.08.2006; DZUP PYU-116, Isla Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°17'55.74”N 82°11'40.32”W, leg. G. Lambert, 15.08.2006; DZUP PYU-117, Isla Colon-Mangrove, Bocas del Toro, 9°21'41.9”N 82°16'28.9”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 25.07.2008; DZUP PYU-118, STRI Dock, Bocas del Toro, 9°21'41.9”N 82°16'28.9”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 03.08.2006; DZUP PYU-119, Isla Pastores, Bocas del Toro, 9°13'09”N 82°19'29”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 14.06.2011; DZUP PYU-120, Bastimentos, 9°16’31.8”N 82°10’16.9"W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 04.07.2011; DZUP PYU-121, Isla Colon, Bocas del Toro, 9°21'45.95”N 82°16'30.01”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 02.07.2011; DZUP PYU-122, Punta Caracol, Bocas del Toro, 9°22'28”N 82°17'57”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 24.06.2011; DZUP PYU-123, Almirante Bay, Bastimentos, Bocas del Toro, 9°14'33.72”N 82°08'57.84”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 28.06.2011; DZUP PYU-124, Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°16'38.9”N 82°12'24.1”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 19.06.2014; DZUP PYU-125, Mangrove, Solarte, Bocas del Toro, 9°18'36.3”N 82°12'23.04”W, leg. R. M. Rocha, 10.06.2011. Etymology. The name of the species is in homage to Susanna López-Legentil for her important research contributions on ascidian genetics and systematics. Description. Living specimens inhabit piers, mangroves, and coral reefs. Animals are oval shaped and reach up to 4 cm. Fresh specimens frequently display red and yellow siphons; however, in some samples, the siphons show only red coloration (Fig. 9). A distinctive membrane, resembling a flap and often yellow in color, is viewed through the atrial siphon and is part of the vellum that line that siphon (Fig 9B, C). Epibionts cover the outside of the tunic. After fixation, the tunic displays yellow and brown and is 1–3 mm thick. The inside of the tunic is white. The holotype is 2.2 cm in height and 3.0 cm wide; brown in color when preserved. The siphons are extremely contracted from fixation. The tunic is rough with bumps densely concentrated around the siphons. Without the tunic, the holotype is 1.3 cm in height and 2.1 cm wide, discounting the siphons. Both the oral and atrial siphons are 4 mm long. The continuation of the tunic inside the siphons form an iridescent vellum, containing many short and parrot-beak-shaped spines (40–50 µm) with a red spot in each (Fig. 10C). The body wall has no coloration; however, when fresh, the siphons are red. The red coloration dissipates the longer the length of fixation. A small round projection of the body wall is always viewed at the base of the oral siphon, on the ventral margin at the level of the anterior end of the endostyle (Fig. 10A). Dense circular muscles surround the siphons and extend a slight distance onto the body wall. Longitudinal muscles form muscle bands that radiate from the base of the siphons slowly disbanding toward the gonadal and intestinal region. The gonadal and intestinal region is transparent and the large, spherical gonad lobes are easily seen through the body wall (Figs 10A, B, D). The holotype contains 29 laterally flattened tentacles with three orders of sizes, the largest 3–4 mm long. The number of tentacles ranges from 29 to 40. Several specimens show a higher degree of ramification than others. There is little separation between the tentacles and the prepharyngeal groove; which is made up of two equal sized membranes. The shape of the dorsal tubercle varies among samples. In the holotype, the dorsal tubercle is a thick U-shape situated in a deep V constructed by the prepharyngeal groove. The ends can be coiled. In one sample, the dorsal tubercle was offset to the right of the neural ganglion and significantly smaller than the other samples (Fig 11B, C). The dorsal lamina begins a few millimeters posterior to the V-shaped peritubercle region. Long languets are densely placed down the entire length of the dorsal lamina; 150 in the holotype. The pharynx is uncolored with six high folds per side. Folds commonly being higher the closer to the dorsal lamina. Overlap of folds occurs; more prevalent on the left side (Fig. 11A). The holotype has a total of 369 longitudinal vessels; number of vessels range from 335 to 369. The longitudinal vessel formula of the holotype is (from right to left): E 4 (20) 4 (24) 6 (29) 3 (30) 4 (30) 2 (28) 4 DL 2 (29) 2 (27) 2 (29) 3 (30) 3 (30) 3 (20) 1 E Longitudinal vessels fray toward the base of the animal, making languets around the esophageal opening. Parastigmatic vessels are present and the number of stigmata range from five to six per mesh. Endocarps line the descending limb of the intestine; attached partially to the body wall and partially to the intestine. The endocarps are not fleshy, instead, they resemble parallel extensions of the intestine. They are not present in any other region of the body wall, neither on the gonadal lobes. The alimentary canal occupies the entire left side of the animal (Fig. 11D). The digestive gland is large, occupying a majority of the ascending limb of the intestine. The isodiametric intestine primary loop is close to the prepharyngeal groove. The anus is lobed and lies at the base atrial siphon (Fig. 11F). There is a thick membrane around the atrial siphon that always form four long projections, two of them anterior and two posterior. This membrane appears to have two different layers: an iridescent tissue that lies on a thicker tissue that makes up most of the membrane. The iridescent tissue does not have spinules and it is not present in some samples, likely due to the long length of fixation. In one sample, the flap also contained numerous calcareous spicules in the upper layer. Calcareous spicules in the shape of antlers were also seen on the wall of blood vessels and intestine of some specimens (Fig 11E). Gonad lobes are large and spherical; decreasing in size posteriorly. The number of lobes ranges from 12 to 22 on the left side. The right side of the animal is almost completely occupied by the large right gonad with 12 to 20 lobes (Fig. 11d). Gonoducts are long and open at the same level of the anus (Fig. 11F). Remarks. In the field, Pyura lopezlegentilae can be confused with P. longispina due to the same size, round shape and red coloration of the siphons. However, no other Pyura species is known to have the conspicuous yellow flap that is visible through the atrial siphon of P. lopezlegentilae, and the internal view of the atrial velum show that its margin is indeed large and form long projections. Further, living P. longispina usually have a wider oral siphon than P. lopezlegentilae. Internally, the structure of the gonads is very different as well as the size and shape of spinules. Pyura lopezlegentilae has also the gut shape, gonad shape and presence of calcareous spicules in common with P. munita but P. munita is usually smaller (max diameter 3 cm), covered by sand, has fewer longitudinal vessels (216–265) and does not have endocarps (Monniot 1972, 1983). Monniot (1972) mentioned a divided atrial vellum but did not comment anything special about it and the atrial vellum of P. lopezlegentilae is a very regular and noticeable structure. We studied two individuals collected in Belize and identified by I. Goodbody as P. munita (USNM 1092832 and USNM 17600). They were smaller animals and the vellum covering the siphons were iridescent but when observed under the compound microscope no spinules were found, but instead, we observed a layer of regular structures like small tiles (Fig. 12). Thus we believe that P. lopezlegentilae and P. munita are two different species.Published as part of Rocha, Rosana M. & Counts, Bailey Keegan, 2019, Pyura (Tunicata: Ascidiacea: Pyuridae) on the coasts of Panama, pp. 491-513 in Zootaxa 4564 (2) on pages 502-505, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/258940
Invenção em trânsito/transe: Glauber Rocha, Hélio Oiticica e Tropicália
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2013.Terra em Transe, Tropicália. É já conhecida a relação criadora, propulsora entre o filme e a canção. Em retrospectivas tropicalistas, é oficial esta associação: o longa-metragem de Glauber Rocha ? a música que desencadeou o tropicalismo ? a instalação de Hélio Oiticica - a montagem do texto de Oswald de Andrade, O Rei da Vela, pelo teatro Oficina. Pretendemos aqui, além desse reconhecimento, compreender de que forma a obra cinematográfica de Glauber Rocha e a cena, o momento, o comportamento tropicalista, em alguns de seus aspectos, abrem pontos de aproximação e distanciamento, (des)encontram-se. Propomos, para isso, algumas leituras que partem primeiramente da análise de Terra em Transe, filme de 1967; seu impacto, fissura aberta em contexto, cenário cultural/estético/político, e dentro do próprio cinema do diretor; sua relação com os desdobramentos do conceito Tropicália, de Hélio Oiticica, vinculados às ideias políticas em torno da construção/arquitetura de Brasília, que desembocam na letra da composição de Caetano Veloso. Em um segundo momento do trabalho, é a análise mais detida de Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol (longa-metragem de Glauber, de 1964) que abre uma série de diálogos - em transe pela terra - com os processos de criação-invenção de Hélio Oiticica: os Penetráveis (marcadamente os de sua Tropicália); os Bólides (a proposição de obra aberta no Contra-Bólide N°1 Devolver a terra à Terra, e o "momento ético" no Bólide B33 Caixa 18 Homenagem a Cara de Cavalo); o Parangolé. É este que, através da dança, leva/conduz ao corpo, como elemento de desestruturação da linguagem cinematográfica, da música popular brasileira, e dos parâmetros estabelecidos do que seja arte. Nesses exercícios de aproximação e distanciamento, muitas vezes, o que entendemos por "teoria" sobressai dos escritos, críticas, pensamentos dos próprios criadores, colocados em (des)espelhamento no processo de apagamento das fronteiras entre vivência do cotidiano/criação artística, vida/obra.<br
Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira
No full textSyneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira (Figs 27A–F, 57) Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008: 117, figs 15–21, 38; Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 420, fig. 120 (key, distr.). Type locality: Parque Nacional do Jaú, Amazonas, Brazil. Diagnosis. Medium size (3.6 mm) (Fig. 27A). Antenna yellow, except postpedicel brown; postpedicel elongated, about 3 x longer than scape and pedicel combined, covered with dense pubescence (Fig. 27B). Prosternum fused to proepisternum. Scutum rounded, lower than mesopleuron in lateral view, yellow to pale brown, with a quadrangular dark brown spot on anterior third (Figs 27C, D). Legs yellow and slender (Figs 27A, E). Wing sub-hyaline; pterostigma pale brown, short, round, placed distal to apex of R 1 (Fig. 27F). Abdomen weakly sclerotized (Fig. 27A). Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas, Parque Nacional do Jaú, 8–16.iv.2001, 01°53′04″S 61°35′11″W ” “Arm [armadilha] Susp [suspensa] 20m, Floresta, Henriques & Vidal” “Holótipo, Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira ” [red label]. Holotype condition: good; not dissected. Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Roraima: Xitei (Xidea), 02°36′24″N 63°52′17″W, 20.ix.1995, L.S. Aquino, Arm. Malaise (1 ♀, INPA). Amazonas: Manaus, Res. Ducke, Igarapé Barro Branco, Arm. Suspensa 20 m, 06–16.xii.2004, Henriques, A. Leg. (1♂, INPA); Ipixuna, Rio Liberdade, Estirão da Preta, 07º21′46.7″S 71º52′07.1″W, 11–15.v.2011, Arm. Malaise, J.A. Rafael, J.T. Câmara, R.F. Silva, A. Somavilla, C. Gonçalves, leg. (1 ♂, INPA). Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Roraima *) (Fig. 57). Variation. The female from Roraima has the base of the postpedicel yellow and the scutum pale brown, slightly darker than on the holotype. Remarks. This unusual species is probably the most autapomorphic in the genus, by the following set of characters: postpedicel very long, about 3 x longer than preceding segments combined (the longest for the genus up-to-date), prosternum fused to proepisternum, abdomen weakly sclerotized and epandrial lamella with 1 long dorsoapical projection, about half-length of lamella (Ale-Rocha & Vieira 2008, fig. 17). The prosternum is fused to the proepisternum forming a precoxal bridge that does not seem to be homologous to that of the other Brazilian species of Syneches: S. catarinae, S. curvipes, S. rafaeli and S. walkeri because in these latter species, the prosternum has a wide connection with the proepisternum (Fig. 2C), while in S. longiflagellatus these sclerites are connected by a narrow region.Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/556058
Neohybos bicolor Ale-Rocha 2007, sp. n.
No full text<i>Neohybos bicolor</i> sp. n. <p>(Figs. 1–8, 74)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Thorax black, pruinose except for a small area on postpronotal lobe; scutum rust-colored pruinose, pleurae gray pruinose; thoracic setae brown, short and scattered; wing brownish with brown stigma; legs black except brown fore tibia, mid tibia pale-brown and tarsomeres 1 and 2 yellow; hind femur slender; abdomen and legs clothed in yellow bristles.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Holotype male. Body: 4.2 mm. Wing: 4.8 mm. Antenna placed above middle of head; postpedicel oval, 2.5 times longer than wide, as long as scape and pedicel combined. Face narrowly dichoptic, shorter than frons. Pair of ocellar setae slender and divergent. Postcranium with scattered gray pruinescence; occipital setae uniserial, short and sparse.</p> <p>Thorax black, entirely pruinose except small area on postpronotal lobe, pruinescence rust-colored on scutum and grayish on remaining parts, more dense on mesopleuron; thoracic setae short, brown, scattered; acr and dc uniserial; 2 npl shorter than apical scutellar pair; scutellum with 1 apical pair long and divergent and 3 thin lateral pairs one- to two-thirds length of apical pair.</p> <p>Wing (Fig.74) narrow; homogeneously brownish; stigma brown; R4+5 and M1 parallel.</p> <p>Legs black except brown fore tibia, mid tibia pale-brown and first and second tarsomeres yellow. Hind femur slender, just discreetly inflated distally; hind tibia tubular. Outstanding bristles: fore tibia with 1 long posterior preapical bristle reaching half length of corresponding tarsomere 1 and 1 short anterior preapical bristle; mid tibia with 3 elongate, somewhat thickened anterodorsal bristles (1 at middle, 1 at basal quarter and 1 sub-basal) and 1 long ventral apical bristle reaching apex of corresponding tarsomere 1; mid tarsomere 1 with 1 long posteroventral bristle near base reaching base of second tarsomere; hind femur with 1 dorsal bristle on distal fifth, 1 anterodorsal preapical and 1 anterior bristle on distal quarter, 10 spine-like and elongate anteroventral bristles along entire length, 17–18 spine-like ventral bristles as long as anteroventral series, becoming shorter toward apex of femur, 6 developed posteroventral bristles (1 sub-basal and 5 on distal third); hind tibia with 4 long, thin dorsal bristles, 1 long and strong anteroapical bristle reaching half length of tarsomere 1, 1 short and strong posterior preapical bristle. Hind trochanter lacking thorns.</p> <p>Abdomen 2.5 times longer than thorax length; shiny-black with gray pruinescence on Tg1, base of Tg2 and margin of Tg8; sternites with brown–rust-colored pruinescence; yellow and thin bristles, longer on T1–T3 and on distal margin of St8. Terminalia (Figs 1–5): right bacilliform sclerite with long pointed process in middle; left postgonite enlarged, triangular; left ejaculatory apodeme twice longer than right ejaculatory apodeme; phallus with two long spine-like projections near apex; hypandrium with complete, thin dorsal bridge; hypandrial lobes pointed apically, right lobe more than twice length of left lobe.</p> <p>Female. Similar to male except for: hind femur with 5 spine-like anteroventral bristles on distal half, 1 anteroventral bristle on basal quarter longer than distal bristles and 1 weak, short, yellow anteroventral subbasal bristle; 8 short ventral thorns on distal third; 4 spine-like posteroventral bristles on distal third and the remaining bristles long and slender; anterodorsal bristles lacking. Terminalia (Figs. 6–8): Tg8 subdivided into basal horizontal and median longitudinal sclerites; St 8 with developed sub-basal projection, bilobed distally and strongly sclerotized on each side.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Ecuador.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype male: ECUADOR: Tunguruhua, Banos 2000–2500, 9.x.1978, M. Cooper, BM1995 E-90 (BMNH). Paratypes: same data, 1 male (INPA), 1 female (BMNH); 20.xi.1978, 1 female (INPA).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name refers to the pruinescence color pattern of the thorax.</p>Published as part of <i>Ale-Rocha, R., 2007, New species of Neohybos Ale-Rocha & Carvalho (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, pp. 33-54 in Zootaxa 1503</i> on pages 35-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4358.3.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10088193">http://zenodo.org/record/10088193</a>
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