404 research outputs found
La dislocazione a sinistra con funzione fraseologica e pragmatica nel Narrenschiff di Sebastian Brant
No full textLeft dislocation and hanging topic are sentence structures frequently occurring in contemporary German spoken language. Both consist in moving a costituent to the left sentence periphery in order to focus it, and in placing after it a resumptive element: it is usually a d-pronoun in the left dislocation, and any pronoun or an anaphoric noun phrase in the hanging topic. These sentence patterns can be found in German medieval texts as well, where they seem to be already stable, although they can hardly be distinguished from one another because of the lacking of prosodic information. They can be classified as a phraseological formula because they are capable of highlighting a constituent in a fixed word order. They can thus be evaluated for their pragmatic function in texts where the author wants to establish a proximity to his public by using a colloquial emphatic expression. This paper intends to examine these two kinds of left dislocation in Brant’s Narrenschiff, one major work of late medieval German literature, which has not been the object of syntactic studies. The essay shows hints how Brant used these phraseological patterns with both awareness and regularity
Galaxy Formation and Reionization: Key Unknowns and Expected Breakthroughs by the James Webb Space Telescope
No full textThe scheduled launch of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in late 2021 marks
a new start for studies of galaxy formation at high redshift z>~6 during the
era of Cosmic Reionization. JWST can capture sensitive, high-resolution images
and multi-object spectroscopy in the infrared that will transform our view of
galaxy formation during the first billion years of cosmic history. This review
summarizes our current knowledge of the role of galaxies in reionizing
intergalactic hydrogen ahead of JWST, achieved through observations with Hubble
Space Telescope and ground-based facilities including Keck, the Very Large
Telescope, Subaru, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. We
identify outstanding questions in the field that JWST can address during its
mission lifetime, including with the planned JWST Cycle 1 programs. (Abridged)Comment: To appear in Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysic
Estimating Luminosity Function Constraints from High-Redshift Galaxy Surveys
No full textThe installation of the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) will revolutionize the study of high-redshift galaxy populations. Initial observations of the HST Ultra Deep Field (UDF) have yielded multiple z ≳ 7 dropout candidates. Supplemented by the GOODS Early Release Science (ERS) and further UDF pointings, these data will provide crucial information about the most distant known galaxies. However, achieving tight constraints on the z ~ 7 galaxy luminosity function (LF) will require even more ambitious photometric surveys. Using a Fisher matrix approach to fully account for Poisson and cosmic sample variance, as well as covariances in the data, we estimate the uncertainties on LF parameters achieved by surveys of a given area and depth. Applying this method to WFC3 z ~ 7 dropout galaxy samples, we forecast the LF parameter uncertainties for a variety of model surveys. We demonstrate that performing a wide area (~1 deg^2) survey to H_(AB) ~ 27 depth or increasing the UDF depth to H_(AB) ~ 30 provides excellent constraints on the high-z LF when combined with the existing Ultradeep Field Guest Observation and GOODS ERS data. We also show that the shape of the matter power spectrum may limit the possible gain of splitting wide area (≳0.5 deg^2) high-redshift surveys into multiple fields to probe statistically independent regions; the increased rms density fluctuations in smaller volumes mostly offset the improved variance gained from independent samples
La conferencia que se convirtió (casi solo) en historia
No full textJoão Caldeira Brant Monteiro de Castro do Observatório Latino-Americano de Regulação, Meios e Convergência teve seu artigo submetido e aprovado na edição da RECIIS - Dossiê Fake News e Saúde v. 14 n.1 (2020)Esta nota de conjuntura avalia o processo decorrente da I Conferência Nacional de Comunicação (Confecom), tendo em vista o marco de dez anos de sua realização. O autor argumenta que o principal resultado da Conferência foi abrir espaço para o Estado brasileiro superar a ausência de um sistema regulatório e de regras que redesenhassem o sistema de comunicação brasileiro. Ao decidir não ocupar este espaço aberto, o governo federal perdeu a última oportunidade que se abriu para estabelecer uma nova dinâmica para o setor. São analisadas também as modificações no cenário político e econômico desde a realização da Conferência. O autor conclui que, embora os apontamentos dados pela Confecom em relação à convergência tecnológica não respondam a especificidades do momento atual, poderiam, se tivessem sido efetivados, ter preparado o país para enfrentar os desafios novos e conter a força política e econômica dos atores do setor.This conjuncture note assesses the process resulting from the I Conferência Nacional de Comunicação – Confecom (I Communication National Conference), in view of the ten-year mark of its realization. The author argues that the main result of the Conference was to open space for the Brazilian State to overcome the absence of a regulatory system and rules that could redesign the Brazilian communication system. In deciding not to occupy this open space, the Federal Government missed the last opportunity that opened up to establish a new dynamic for the sector. Changes in the political and economic scenario since the Conference were also analyzed. The author concludes that, although the outcomes of the Confecom regarding technological convergence do not respond to specificities of the present moment, they could, if they had been implemented, have prepared the country to face the new challenges and contain the political and economic strength of the sector players.Esta nota de coyuntura evalúa el proceso resultante de la I Conferência Nacional de Comunicação – Confecom (I Conferencia Nacional de Comunicación), en vista de los diez años de su realización. El autor argumenta que el principal resultado de la Conferencia fue abrir un espacio para que el Estado brasileño supere la ausencia de un sistema regulatorio y reglas que rediseñarían el sistema de comunicación brasileño. Al decidir no ocupar este espacio abierto, el Gobierno Federal perdió la última oportunidad que se abrió para establecer una nueva dinámica para el sector. También se analizaron los cambios en el escenario político y económico desde la Conferencia. El autor concluye que, aunque las respuestas dadas por la Confecom con respecto a la convergencia tecnológica no respondan a especificidades del momento actual, si hubieran sido implementadas, podrían haber preparado al país para enfrentar los nuevos desafíos y contener la fuerza política y económica de los actores del sector
Stultifera nauis : narragonice p[er]fectionis nunq[ue] satis laudata nauis
No full textThis item features in the Monash University Library exhibition Tall Tales and True: Journeys Real and Imagined. View the virtual exhibitionFirst Latin edition. Imprint from Goff. Colophon: Finis stultifere Nauis. Finis Narragonic[a]e nauis per Sebastianum Brant vulgari sermo[n]e Theutonico quonda[m] fabricat[a]e ... In laudatissima Germani[a]e vrbe Basiliensi nup[er] op[er]a & p[re]motione Iohannis Bergman de Olpe Anno salutis n[ost]r[a]e millesimoquadringentesimononagesimoseptimo kalendis Martiis. Vale inclyte lector. Locher's epigram to the reader and epistle to the author dated 1 Feb. 1497; includes other verses by Locher. Includes 117 woodcuts, of which 5 are repetitions, used in Bergmann's 1494 ed.; attributed, at least partially, to Albrecht Dürer
A subjetividade jurídica internacional na história da doutrina brasileira: oposições entre Nação e Estado nos séculos XIX e XX
No full textTCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências Jurídicas. Direito.Com o objetivo de observar de que maneira a pergunta “quem é o sujeito de direitos na comunidade internacional” foi respondida, ressaltando as oposições entre Nação e Estado, o presente trabalho investigou o pensamento de Pasquale Stanislao Mancini, descrevendo como que, utilizando por fundamento do direito internacional o Princípio da Nacionalidade, o jurista italiano propõe a exclusividade da Nação como sujeito de direito internacional, em oposição ao Estado e de que maneira isto influenciou os autores da escola italiana de direito internacional, em especial Terenzio Mamiami e Pasquale Fiore. A seguir, adentra-se na doutrina brasileira da segunda metade do século XIX para verificar de que forma se deu a oposição entre os conceitos de Nação e Estado. Posteriormente, debruçando-se por sobre o pensamento de Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira e Clóvis Beviláqua, busca-se demonstrar como se tratou a problemática da subjetividade jurídica internacional no Brasil durante o início do século XX. Finalmente, verifica-se qual termo passou a ser adotado majoritariamente pela doutrina brasileira, até se encontrar um autor nacional que não mais defenda o exclusivismo de um ente político em específico, mas, consciente das diversas configurações históricas pelas quais passou a comunidade internacional, aceite uma pluralidade de sujeitos. Busca-se, ainda, ao longo de todo trabalho reforçar as continuidades e rupturas entre os diversos autores analisados, além de se proporem, quando cabíveis, críticas às concepções apresentadas.In order to observe how the question “who is the subject of rights in the international community” was answered, focusing on the contrasts between Nation and State, the present study investigated the thought of Pasquale Stanislao Mancini, describing how, using the Principle of Nationality as the basis of international law, the Italian jurist proposes the exclusivity of the Nation as a subject of international law in opposition to the State and how it influenced the authors of the Italian school of international law, especially Terenzio Mamiami and Pasquale Fiore. Hereafter, enter in the Brazilian doctrine of the second half of the nineteenth century to verify how occurred the opposition between the concepts of Nation and State. Posteriorly, looking at the thought of Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira and Clóvis Beviláqua, we seek to demonstrate how the problem of international juridical subjectivity was treated in Brazil during the early twentieth century. Finally, we verify which term was mostly adopted by Brazilian doctrine, until find a national author who no longer defends the exclusivity of a political entity in specific, but, aware of different historical settings of the international community, accepts a plurality of subjects. We also try throughout the study to highlight the continuities and changes between the various authors analyzed, and to propose, as appropriate, critical to the concepts presented
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Infrared Insights on the Nature and Evolution of Star-Forming Galaxies
No full textThe peak of the star formation rate (SFR) of the Universe is widely accepted to be at 1 < z < 3, after which the SFR declined by more than an order of magnitude to the present level. The mechanisms resulting in the decline and the nature of individual star-forming galaxies at the peak of galaxy evolution, however, are poorly understood. This thesis summarizes an effort to understand both the statistical properties of star-forming galaxies and the physical conditions in individual galaxies at 0 < z < 3. I have studied the star formation (SF) sizes of local and high-z ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) using Pa-alpha, 24 micron and radio continuum observations and discovered that high-z ULIRGs have extended SF regions over 3-10 kpc, similar to local lower LIR SF galaxies, but with a scaled-up star formation rate surface density, ∑(SFR). Local ULIRGs, in contrast, are compact and invariably merger-triggered starbursts. A major implication to galaxy evolution is that there is a route besides major mergers to trigger very high levels of SF activity at z ~ 2, a conclusion further supported by our morphological study. I also find star formation rate surface density to be a good indicator of the IR galaxy spectral energy distribution universally and use this fact to develop a new SFR estimator using single-band 24 micron observations. The resulting indicator predicts IR luminosity and SFR within 0.15 dex of the values measured with far-IR photometry. This affords the deepest unobscured probe of SF at 0 < z < 3. According to my separate study, the spread of extinction values of SF galaxies is larger than previously known from optical observations and also indicates a large variety of dust distribution scenarios, from a uniform mixture that resembles the extinction screen assumption to inhomogeneous mixtures, which could undermine the assumptions commonly used to correct for extinction at high-z and necessitates the use of unobscured SF tracers. Lastly, I present the luminosity functions of galaxies and their evolution measured from IR observations out to z = 1.2
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Revealing the Physics of Multiphase Galactic Winds Through Massively-Parallel Hydrodynamics Simulations
No full textThis thesis documents the hydrodynamics code Cholla and a numerical study of multiphase galactic winds. Cholla is a massively-parallel, GPU-based code designed for astrophysical simulations that is freely available to the astrophysics community. A static-mesh Eulerian code, Cholla is ideally suited to carrying out massive simulations (> 2048 ³ cells) that require very high resolution. The code incorporates state-of-the-art hydrodynamics algorithms including third-order spatial reconstruction, exact and linearized Riemann solvers, and unsplit integration algorithms that account for transverse fluxes on multidimensional grids. Operator-split radiative cooling and a dual-energy formalism for high mach number flows are also included. An extensive test suite demonstrates Cholla's superior ability to model shocks and discontinuities, while the GPU-native design makes the code extremely computationally efficient - speeds of 5-10 million cell updates per GPU-second are typical on current hardware for 3D simulations with all of the aforementioned physics. The latter half of this work comprises a comprehensive study of the mixing between a hot, supernova-driven wind and cooler clouds representative of those observed in multiphase galactic winds. Both adiabatic and radiatively-cooling clouds are investigated. The analytic theory of cloud-crushing is applied to the problem, and adiabatic turbulent clouds are found to be mixed with the hot wind on similar timescales as the classic spherical case (4-5 t_cc) with an appropriate rescaling of the cloud-crushing time. Radiatively cooling clouds survive considerably longer, and the differences in evolution between turbulent and spherical clouds cannot be reconciled with a simple rescaling. The rapid incorporation of low-density material into the hot wind implies efficient mass-loading of hot phases of galactic winds. At the same time, the extreme compression of high-density cloud material leads to long-lived but slow-moving clumps that are unlikely to escape the galaxy
HYDRODYNAMICAL COUPLING OF MASS AND MOMENTUM IN MULTIPHASE GALACTIC WINDS
No full textUsing a set of high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations run with the Cholla. code, we investigate how mass and momentum couple to the multiphase components of galactic winds. The simulations model the interaction between a hot wind driven by supernova explosions and a cooler, denser cloud of interstellar or circumgalactic media. By resolving scales of Delta x 100 pc distances, our calculations capture how the cloud disruption leads to a distribution of densities and temperatures in the resulting multiphase outflow and quantify the mass and momentum associated with each phase. We find that the multiphase wind contains comparable mass and momenta in phases over a wide range of densities and temperatures extending from the hot wind (n approximate to 10(-2.5) cm(-3), T approximate to 10(6.5) K) to the coldest components (n approximate to 10(2) cm(-3), T approximate to 10(2) K). We further find that the momentum distributes roughly in proportion to the mass in each phase, and the mass loading of the hot phase by the destruction of cold, dense material is an efficient process. These results provide new insight into the physical origin of observed multiphase galactic outflows and inform galaxy formation models that include coarser treatments of galactic winds. Our results confirm that cool gas observed in outflows at large distances from the galaxy (greater than or similar to 1 kpc) likely does not originate through the entrainment of cold material near the central starburst.National Science Foundation [1228509]; DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC05-00OR22725]This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]
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