46 research outputs found
La ricerca educativa. Indirizzi nazionali e internazionali
No full textL’attuale statuto della ricerca storico-educativa è frutto di una stagione di significativi cambiamenti. iniziati alla metà degli anni Settanta. Da quella stagione di rinnovamento ci sono giunte alcune opere che costituiscono delle vere e proprie pietre miliari. A partire da tali considerazioni l’autrice si interroga sul futuro della ricerca.The current status of historical and educational research is the result of a season of significant changes that began in the mid-seventies. From that season of renewal, we have received some of the works that are milestones. From these considerations, the author wonders about the future of the historical and educational research
Il fascismo e i maestri
No full textL'articolo esamina il rapporto tra gli insegnanti della scuola primaria e il fascismo a partire da una recente pubblicazione sul tema. Attraverso l'analisi di diverse categorie di insegnanti, vengono analizzate diverse tipologie di resistenza alla politica scolastica attuata dal regime fascista.The article examines the relationship between primary school teachers and fascism starting from a recent publication on the topic. Through the analysis of different categories of teachers, the author analyzed different types of resistance to the school policy implemented by the fascist regime
Proteomic insight into the mitigation of wheat root drought stress by arbuscular mycorrhizae
No full textArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant growth promoters that ameliorate plant-water relations and the nutrient uptake of wheat. In this work, two cultivars of Triticum spp., a bread and a durum wheat, grown under drought stress and inoculated or not by AMF, are evaluated through a shotgun proteomic approach. The AMF association had beneficial effects as compared to non-mycorrhizal roots, in both bread and durum wheat. The beneficial symbiosis was confirmed by measuring morphological and physiological traits. In our work, we identified 50 statistically differential proteins in the bread wheat cultivar and 66 differential proteins in the durum wheat cultivar. The findings highlighted a modulation of proteins related to sugar metabolism, cell wall rearrangement, cytoskeletal organization and sulphur-containing proteins, as well as proteins related to plant stress responses. Among differentially expressed proteins both cultivars evidenced a decrease in sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltran..
Proteomic and metabolomic insight into wheat response to drought following AMF inoculation
No full texthe arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant growth promoters known to ameliorate plant water uptake and nutrient availability in wheat. In this work, two cultivars of Triticum spp., i.e. a bread and a durum wheat grown under drought stress and inoculated or not by AMF, were evaluated through a shotgun proteomic approach. The beneficial symbiosis was confirmed by measuring morphological and physiological traits, and the AMF association led to increased aboveground biomass in both wheat genotypes. Overall, 50 and 66 statistically differential proteins could be identified in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. The findings highlighted a modulation of proteins related to sugar metabolism, cell wall rearrangement, cytoskeletal organization and sulphur-containing proteins, as well as proteins related to plant stress responses.
In order to gain a deeper insight into molecular processes involved in wheat response to drought following AMF colonization, an UHPLC-ESI/QTOF-MS metabolomic analysis was then carried out. Multivariate chemometrics allowed highlighting differential metabolites. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering showed that metabolic profiles could be clearly discriminated only under water stress, whereas under water availability differences in metabolic profile were less evident. The metabolite modulation, considering the interlink between water regime and the symbiotic rate, was genotype-dependent. Our findings highlighted a difference in the cysteine and methionine metabolism in response to water stress and/or AMF colonization, therefore strengthening the proteomics data about the rearrangement of sulphur-containing molecules. According to metabolomic results, a different reallocation of carbon sources could be also postulated
Proteomic and metabolomic insight into two wheat response to drought following AMF inoculation
No full textArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant growth promoters known to ameliorate plant water uptake and nutrient availability in wheat. In this work, two cultivars of Triticum spp., i.e. a bread (Chinese Spring) and a durum (Mongibello) wheat grown under drought stress and inoculated or not by AMF (Glomus mosseae), were evaluated through a shotgun proteomic approach. The beneficial AMF symbiosis was confirmed by measuring morphological and physiological traits, increasing aboveground biomass in both wheat genotypes. Overall, 50 and 66 statistically differential proteins could be identified in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. The proteomic results confirmed a genotype dependent response to AMF against drought. The findings highlighted a modulation of proteins related to sugar metabolism as well as proteins related to plant stress responses. The interactome analysis supported an involvement of cell wall metabolism and rearrangement, and a possible role of ubiquitin in mycorrhizal roots. In order to gain a deeper insight into molecular processes involved in wheat response to drought following AMF colonization, an UHPLC- ESI/QTOF-MS metabolomic analysis was then carried out. Multivariate chemometrics allowed highlighting differential metabolites. Among the differential metabolic compounds we identified lipids as a new carbon source and as precursors of brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway. Although useful insights were provided from both proteomics and metabolomics, a cultivar-dependent response was observed
A novel mutation in the nr0b1 gene in a family with monozygotic twin sisters and congenital adrenal hypoplasia affected children.
No full textEvidence fo Epigenetic Abnormalities of the Androgen Receptor Gene in Foreskin from Children with Hypospadias
No full textAbstract
CONTEXT: Hypospadias is a malformation of the penis due to an incomplete development of the male urethra, the exact etiology of which in the majority of cases remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess whether defects of the androgen receptor (AR) gene (CAG repeats and methylation pattern) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) family are present in hypospadic patients.
DESIGN: CAG repeats length, methylation status, and expression of the AR gene were analyzed. The DNMT family was studied at the protein level and the DNMT3A sequenced.
SETTING: The study was performed at a pediatric endocrinology referral clinic.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Twenty boys with isolated glandular hypospadias and 20 age-matched control children undergoing a surgical procedure for circumcision were studied.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): CAG repeats length and AR methylation pattern in PBLs and foreskin tissue, DNMT expression and sequencing in patients and controls, and in vitro studies in cultured fibroblasts were measured.
RESULTS: AR gene methylation in foreskin tissues from patients with hypospadias was higher than in normal children. AR expression in foreskin tissue of hypospadic patients was lower than in controls, whereas the DNMT3A protein level was significantly higher in patients than controls. In cultured fibroblasts, both dihydrotestosterone and testosterone significantly reduced AR gene methylation and DNMT3A expression in a dose-dependent fashion and increased AR expression.
CONCLUSION: The AR gene in target tissues from patients with hypospadias is more methylated than in control children, resulting in a decreased expression of the AR. The mechanism underlying the modulation of the AR gene expression seems to be mediated by DNMT3A. This epigenetic alteration of the AR gene might be involved in the pathogenesis of hypospadia
Il fascismo e i maestri
No full textThis critical note presents a recent study focusing on the relationship between primary school’s teachers and fascism. Through the analysis of different categories of teachers, the author analyzed different types of resistance to the school policy implemented by the fascist regime. The author therefore tried to give voice to those who did not renounce
to distance themselves from the educational model of totalitarian fascism and who defended the spaces of their dignity as educators
Metabolomic responses triggered by arbuscular mycorrhiza enhance tolerance to water stress in wheat cultivars
No full textUnder global climate change forecasts, the pressure of environmental stressors (and in particular drought) on crop productivity is expected to rise and challenge further global food security. The application of beneficial microorganisms may represent an environment friendly tool to secure improved crop performance and yield stability. Accordingly, this current study aimed at elucidating the metabolomic responses triggered by mycorrhizal (Funneliformis mosseae) inoculation of durum (Triticum durum Desf.; cv. ‘Mongibello’) and bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.; cv. ‘Chinese Spring’) under full irrigation and water deficit regimes. Metabolomics indicated a similar regulation of secondary metabolism in both bread and durum wheat cultivars following water limiting conditions. Nonetheless, a mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) x cultivar interaction could be observed, with the bread wheat cultivar being more affected by arbuscular colonization under water limiting conditions. Discriminant compounds could be mostly related to sugars and lipids, both being positively modulated by AMF colonization under water stress. Moreover, a regulation of metabolites related to oxidative stress and a tuning of crosstalk between phytohormones were also evidenced. Among the latter, the stimulation of the brassinosteroids biosynthetic pathway was particularly evident in inoculated wheat roots, supporting the hypothesis of their involvement in enhancing plant response to water stress and modulation of oxidative stress conditions. This study proposes new insights on the modulation of the tripartite interaction plant-AMF-environmental stress
Identification of risk conditions for the development of adrenal disorders: how optimized PubMed search strategies makes the difference
No full textThe exponential growth of scientific literature available through electronic databases (namely PubMed) has increased the chance of finding interesting articles. At the same time, search has become more complicated, time consuming, and at risk of missing important information. Therefore, optimized strategies have to be adopted to maximize searching impact. The aim of this study was to formulate efficient strings to search PubMed for etiologic associations between adrenal disorders (ADs) and other conditions. A comprehensive list of terms identifying endogenous conditions primarily affecting adrenals was compiled. An ad hoc analysis was performed to find the best way to express each term in order to find the highest number of potentially pertinent articles in PubMed. A predefined number of retrieved abstracts were read to assess their association with ADsâ etiology. A more sensitive (providing the largest literature coverage) and a more specific (including only those terms retrieving >40 % of potentially pertinent articles) string were formulated. Various researches were performed to assess stringsâ ability to identify articles of interest in comparison with non-optimized literature searches. We formulated optimized, ready applicable tools for the identification of the literature assessing etiologic associations in the field of ADs using PubMed, and demonstrated the advantages deriving from their application. Detailed description of the methodological process is also provided, so that this work can easily be translated to other fields of practice
