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Lectura super usibus feudorum ;:Liber nonus.
No full textThis is a massive treatise on Medieval civil law. Ubaldo degli Ubaldi was a doctor of civil law in Perugia (Italy) his hometown. His "Liber feudorum" contained in this manuscript is followed by a brief account of the author's life, with an obituary note at the end. On fol. 182r begins another unidentified text about civil law: the author was possibly Jacopo Bottrigari, as the colophon says, but no other evidence was found
Lectura super usibus feudorum ;:Liber nonus.
No full textThis is a massive treatise on Medieval civil law. Ubaldo degli Ubaldi was a doctor of civil law in Perugia (Italy) his hometown. His "Liber feudorum" contained in this manuscript is followed by a brief account of the author's life, with an obituary note at the end. On fol. 182r begins another unidentified text about civil law: the author was possibly Jacopo Bottrigari, as the colophon says, but no other evidence was found
Истоки международного частного права: итальянский постглоссатор Бальди де Убальди
No full textBaldi de Ubaldi (1327–1400) is a famous European lawyer of the Middle Ages. He was one of the famous representatives of the school of post glossatories known as the author of commentaries to Justinian Code as well as a practical lawyer. Baldi suggested classification of jus gentium into personal law by bodies, things and circumstances, so making in fact a background for the division of law into public and private parts. He also developed statute theory which argued the similar character of the personal and the exterritorial.Бальди де Убальди (1327–1400) – известный средневековый европейский правовед, один из известнейших представителей школы постглоссаторов. Прославился комментариями к кодексу Юстиниана и практической разработкой юридических вопросов. Бальди заложил основы разделения права на частное и публичное. Он также развил статутную теорию, обосновав сходный характер частного и экстерриториального
Morador e moradia no espaço urbano da cidade de Salvador
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2009Este trabalho está situado na área de Gestão Territorial, mas especificamente no tema Habitação de Interesse Social, vinculado à Sustentabilidade Urbana, e especificamente no seu aspecto qualitativo. O presente trabalho tem a pretensão de oferecer uma contribuição para a produção do conhecimento teórico no tema habitação de interesse social, tendo sua concepção estruturada em duas etapas: a construção conceitual do significado do termo moradia e a validação empírica do conceito construído através da comparação do processo de acesso à moradia percorrido por duas comunidades, Engomadeira e o Movimento dos Sem-Teto de Salvador, sendo usado o método comparativo e a análise estatística descritiva e indutiva. O trabalho recorre à complexidade do conceito de moradia para buscar respostas à problemática do processo de acesso à mesma, e acrescenta a este panorama as relações de desempenhos do ambiente construído, através da percepção do morador. A integração de teorias com origem em outras áreas de conhecimento fundamenta essa pesquisa, na medida em que, cada qual, em espaço e tempo diferente, adota uma visão de interrelação entre o indivíduo e o ambiente, compreendendo-os contextualizados entre si. O trabalho tem como resultado geral o desenho de uma Matriz Inacabada de Sustentabilidade em Territórios de Populações de Baixa Renda, e aponta como tendência o desenho da Gestão da Tecnologia da Moradia das Populações de Baixa Renda. A constatação que a multidisciplinaridade e a interdisciplinaridade dispensadas ao tratamento do tema são insuficientes para a compreensão dos problemas vinculados ao mesmo, é considerada pela autora como conclusão do trabalho.This work is located on Land Management area, specifically in the Social Housing themme, attached to Urban Sustainability, and on its qualitative aspect. It has the intention to offer a contribution to the theoretical knowledge to the themme, having its conception framed into two phases: conceptual construction of the housing meaning and the empirical validation of the constructed concept through comparison of the access process to the dwelling spaned by two communities, Engomadeira and Movimento dos Sem-Teto de Salvador (Salvador Homeless Movement), being used the method comparative and statistic analysis. The work resorts to the complexity of housing concept seeking for answers to the process issue for its access, and adds to this panorama the relations among performances of the building environment through the dweller perceptions. Oncoming theories from other áreas integration grounds this research, since each one of those, on space and time adopts an interrelation vision between individual and environment, understanding them as contextualized each other. The work has as geral result the drawing of a Matrix Unaccomplished of Sustainability on Lands of People of Low Income, and indicated as tendency the drawing of Administration from Tecnology from Home of the People of Low Income. The certify what the multidisciplinaridade and the interdisciplinaridade laid-off the treatment theme are insufficient for apprehension from the problems linked at the same is considerate by the author as the conclusion of the work
Reduction of multiple pregnancies in the advanced maternal age population after implementation of an elective single embryo transfer policy coupled with enhanced embryo selection: Pre- and post-intervention study
No full textSTUDY QUESTION Is an elective single-embryo transfer (eSET) policy an efficient approach for women aged >35 years when embryo selection is enhanced via blastocyst culture and preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)? SUMMARY ANSWER Elective SET coupled with enhanced embryo selection using PGS in women older than 35 years reduced the multiple pregnancy rates while maintaining the cumulative success rate of the IVF programme. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Multiple pregnancies mean an increased risk of premature birth and perinatal death and occur mainly in older patients when multiple embryos are transferred to increase the chance of pregnancy. A SET policy is usually recommended in cases of good prognosis patients, but no general consensus has been reached for SET application in the advanced maternal age (AMA) population, defined as women older than 35 years. Our objective was to evaluate the results in terms of efficacy, efficiency and safety of an eSET policy coupled with increased application of blastocyst culture and PGS for this population of patients in our IVF programme. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In January 2013, a multidisciplinary intervention involving optimization of embryo selection procedure and introduction of an eSET policy in an AMA population of women was implemented. This is a retrospective 4-year (January 2010-December 2013) pre- and post-intervention analysis, including 1161 and 499 patients in the pre- and post-intervention period, respectively. The primary outcome measures were the cumulative delivery rate (DR) per oocyte retrieval cycle and multiple DR. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Surplus oocytes and/or embryos were vitrified during the entire study period. In the post-intervention period, all couples with good quality embryos and less than two previous implantation failures were offered eSET. Embryo selection was enhanced by blastocyst culture and PGS (blastocyst stage biopsy and 24-chromosomal screening). Elective SET was also applied in cryopreservation cycles. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Patient and cycle characteristics were similar in the pre- and post-intervention groups [mean (SD) female age: 39.6 ± 2.1 and 39.4 ± 2.2 years; range 36-44] as assessed by logistic regression. A total of 1609 versus 574 oocyte retrievals, 937 versus 350 embryo warming and 138 versus 27 oocyte warming cycles were performed in the pre- and post-intervention periods, respectively, resulting in 1854 and 508 embryo transfers, respectively. In the post-intervention period, 289 cycles were blastocyst stage with (n = 182) or without PGS (n = 107). A mean (SD) number of 2.9 ± 1.1 (range 1-4) and 1.4 ± 0.8 (range 1-3) embryos were transferred pre- and post-intervention, respectively (P < 0.01) and similar cumulative clinical pregnancy rates per transfer and per cycle were obtained: 26.8, 30.9% and 29.7, 26.3%, respectively. The total DR per oocyte retrieval cycle (21.0 and 20.4% pre- and post-intervention, respectively) defined as efficacy was not affected by the intervention [odds ratio (OR) = 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7-1.1; P = 0.23]. However, a significantly increased live birth rate per transferred embryo (defined as efficiency) was observed in the post-intervention group 17.0 versus 10.6% (P < 0.01). Multiple DRs decreased from 21.0 in the preintervention to 6.8% in the post-intervention group (OR = 0.3. 95% CI = 0.1-0.7; P < 0.01). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION In this study, the suitability of SET was assessed in individual women on the basis of both clinical and embryological prognostic factors and was not standardized. For the described eSET strategy coupled with an enhanced embryo selection policy, an optimized culture system, cryopreservation and aneuploidy screening programme is necessary. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Owing to the increased maternal morbidity and perinatal complications related to multiple pregnancies, it is recommended to extend the eSET policy to the AMA population. As shown in this study, enhanced embryo selection procedures might allow a reduction in the number of embryos transferred and the number of transfers to be performed without affecting the total efficacy of the treatment but increasing efficiency and safety. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Inquisizione, eresia, tortura: norme, pratiche e dottrine del processo penale medievale
No full textL’autore ricostruisce i fondamenti normativi di tre aspetti salienti della procedura criminale tardo-medievale: la procedura per inquisitionem, incentrata sull’iniziativa del giudice; la repressione dell’eresia, che la Chiesa elevò a reato di lesa maestà divina; la pratica della tortura, comune sia alla procedura secolare che a quella anti-ereticale. L’autore analizza inoltre le opinioni in materia di tortura espresse da Bartolo da Sassoferrato (1313/14-1357/58) nei suoi commentari al corpus iuris civilis e due consilia di Baldo degli Ubaldi (1327-1400), il secondo dei quali relativo alla tortura subita nel 1387 dalla regina di Aragona. Il pensiero in materia di tortura di due dei più importanti giuristi europei del XIV secolo testimonia eloquentemente il divario tra l’arbitrio della pratica giudiziaria e il relativo garantismo della dottrina.The author tackles the matter of the legal foundations of three salient aspects of late medieval criminal procedure: the procedure per inquisitionem, which was based on the judge's initiative; the repression of heresy, the gravity of which was elevated by the Church to a crimen laesae maiestatis; finally, the practice of torture, which was common to both secular and anti-heretical procedure. As for the latter, the author provides an in-depth analysis by commenting the points of view of the jurists Bartolus de Saxoferrato (1313/14-1357/58) and Baldus de Ubaldis (1327-1400) by analysing, respectively, the commentaries on the corpus iuris civilis and two consilia. Special attention is given to the second consilium where Baldus provides a report of the torture inflicted in 1387 to the Queen of Aragon. By doing this, the author shows how there was a gap between the judicial practice, including a fairly common application of torture, and the ‘guarantism’ involved by the doctrine
Open Government Data to improve Public Service Quality: an empirical validation through a Structural Equation Model
No full text2017 - 2018The thesis focuses on the concept of Open Government Data (OGD) as a new approach to the management of
public administrations (Pereira et al., 2017; Wang and Lo, 2016; Zuiderwijk and Janssen, 2014; Attard et al., 2015; Chan,
2013), based on the use of technologies for data treatment capable of favoring the affirmation of logics characterized by
transparency, citizens’ involvement and participation in the processes, activities and services of the public sector (Dawes
et al., 2016; Gonzalez-Zapata and Heeks, 2015; Ubaldi, 2013; Shadbolt et al., 2012). In particular, the objective of the work
is to deepen the aspects and conditions enabling the management of Public Administration (PA) according to the OGD, as
well as the impact of this approach on the quality of the public service provided to the community. The choice to carry out
this study arises from the consideration according to which in literature, to date, there is no organic nucleus of empirical
research aimed at investigating the stimulating factors of the ODG and the concrete effects on the public service quality
resulting from the implementation of such an approach in public administrations. The work starts from the analysis of the state of the art dedicated to the methods of conducting public
administrations. Specifically, through a chronological excursus, the main approaches to the management of the PA (such
as the Bureaucratic Model, New Public Management, New Public Governance, New Public Service, Open Government)
were analyzed to represent the paradigmatic evolution leading to the affirmation of the OGD. The most important aspects
(constructs) emerging from the analysis of the literature were further investigated to verify the existence of possible relations
of influence between them. To this end, for each of the identified constructs, several items were selected for the construction
of a questionnaire, administered to a sample of 567 Italian citizens. The results emerged from the answers provided by the
citizens allowed defining and testing a Structural Equation Model (SEM), aimed at providing empirical evidences about the
facilitating aspects of the OGD and the effects of its adoption within the PA in terms of public service quality for the
community. .. [edited by Author]La tesi s’incentra sul concetto di Open Government Data (OGD) quale nuovo approccio alla conduzione delle
amministrazioni pubbliche (Pereira et al., 2017; Wang and Lo, 2016; Zuiderwijk and Janssen, 2014; Attard et al., 2015;
Chan, 2013), basato sull’impiego di tecnologie di gestione dei dati capaci di favorire l’affermazione di logiche caratterizzate
da trasparenza, coinvolgimento e partecipazione dei cittadini nei processi, nelle attività e nei servizi del pubblico settore
(Dawes et al., 2016; Gonzalez-Zapata and Heeks, 2015; Ubaldi, 2013; Shadbolt et al., 2012). In particolare, l’obiettivo del
lavoro consiste nell’approfondire gli aspetti abilitanti e le condizioni agevolanti la gestione della Pubblica Amministrazione
(PA) secondo l’OGD, nonché l’impatto che tale approccio ha sulla qualità del servizio pubblico erogato alla comunità. La
scelta di realizzare questo studio nasce dalla considerazione secondo la quale in letteratura, ad oggi, manca un nucleo
organico di ricerche empiriche tese a investigare i fattori di stimolo dell’ODG e gli effetti concreti sulla qualità del servizio
pubblico scaturenti dall’implementazione di tale approccio nelle amministrazioni pubbliche.
Il lavoro parte dall’analisi dello stato dell’arte dedicato alle modalità di conduzione delle pubbliche
amministrazioni. Nello specifico, attraverso un excursus cronologico saranno approfonditi i principali approcci alla gestione
della PA (quali, il modello burocratico, il New Public Management, la New Public Governance, il New Public Service,
l’Open Government) per rappresentare l’evoluzione paradigmatica che ha condotto all’affermazione dell’OGD. Gli aspetti
(costrutti) di maggiore rilievo emersi dall’analisi della letteratura sono stati ulteriormente indagati per verificare possibili
relazioni di influenza tra essi. A tal fine, per ciascuno dei costrutti identificati sono stati selezionati gli items da impiegare
per la costruzione di un questionario, somministrato a un campione di 567 cittadini fruitori del servizio pubblico italiano. I
risultati emersi dalla risposte fornite dai cittadini hanno permesso di definire e testare un Modello di Equazioni Strutturali
(MES) volto a fornire evidenze empiriche circa le gli aspetti agevolanti dell’OGD e gli effetti della sua adozione nella PA
in termini di qualità del servizio pubblico erogato alla comunità. .. [a cura dell'Autore]XVII n.s. (XXXI ciclo
Chromosome segregation and recombination in human meiosis: Clinical applications and insight into disjunction errors
No full textChromosome copy number errors (or aneuploidy) of gametes and embryos occurs in humans more frequently than in any other studied species, with a spectrum of manifestations from implantation failure to affected live births. It is predominantly problem arising in maternal meiosis with at least 20% of oocytes being aneuploid, a proportion that increases dramatically with advancing maternal age. Currently the only intervention to reduce the chances of transmitting aneuploidy is by invasive embryo biopsy procedures in high-risk groups (mainly patients with advanced maternal age) undergoing in-vitro fertilisation. Despite the severity of this problem, aneuploidy of the human preimplantation embryo is relatively poorly understood. With this in mind the purpose of this thesis is to explore the premise underpinning the use of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) in human embryos and investigate its clinical applications and current methodologies. A series of published works demonstrate what I believe to be a significant contribution to the development of applications for studying human preimplantation aneuploidy, also providing insight into its origins and mechanisms at the earliest stages of human development.
Specifically, I present a novel standard set of protocols as a general reference work from practitioners in the fields of embryo biopsy and array comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH - the current ‘gold standard’ for preimplantation aneuploidy screening). I present a summary of work encapsulated in three published clinical papers using a linkage based analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) karyotypes (Karyomapping). Karyomapping was designed as a near-universal approach for the simultaneous detection of chromosomal and monogenic disorders in a PGS setting and these results demonstrate the utility of the technique in three separate scenarios.
In order to study the underlying mechanisms of female meiosis I present my findings on the use of a calcium ionophore to activate human oocytes artificially. An algorithm based on Karyomapping (termed MeioMapping) is demonstrated for the first time specifically to investigate human female meiosis. By recovering all three products of human female meiosis (oocyte, and both polar biopsies – herein termed “Trios”) using calcium ionophore, I present a novel protocol (commissioned by Nature Protocols) to allow exploration of the full extent of meiotic chromosome recombination and segregation that occurs in the female germline. Finally I present a published set of experiments using this protocol to provide new insight into meiotic segregation patterns and recombination in human oocytes. This work uncovers a previously undescribed pattern of meiotic segregation (termed Reverse Segregation), providing an association between recombination rates and chromosome mis-segregation (aneuploidy). This work demonstrates that there is selection for higher recombination rates in the female germline and that there is a role for meiotic drive for recombinant chromatids at meiosis II in human female meiosis.
The work presented in this thesis provides deeper understanding of meiotically derived maternal aneuploidy and recombination. More importantly it provides a vehicle within an ethical framework to continue to expand our knowledge and uncover new insights into the basis of meiotic errors that may aid future reproductive therapies
Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus anti-PD-1 monotherapy as adjuvant therapy in BRAF V600-mutant stage III melanoma after definitive surgery: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study
No full text\ua9 2023 The Author(s)Background: Both dabrafenib/trametinib (D/T) and anti-PD-1 monotherapy (PD-1) are approved adjuvant therapies for patients with stage III BRAF V600-mutant melanoma. However, there is still a lack of head-to-head comparative data. We aimed to describe efficacy and toxicity outcomes for these two standard therapies across melanoma centers. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted in 15 melanoma centers in Australia, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, and US. We included adult patients with resected stage III BRAF V600-mutant melanoma who received either adjuvant D/T or PD-1 between Jul 2015 and Oct 2022. The primary endpoint was relapse-free survival (RFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), recurrence pattern and toxicity. Findings: We included 598 patients with stage III BRAF V600-mutant melanoma who received either adjuvant D/T (n = 393 [66%]) or PD-1 (n = 205 [34%]) post definitive surgery between Jul 2015 and Oct 2022. At a median follow-up of 33 months (IQR 21–43), the median RFS was 51.0 months (95% CI 41.0-not reached [NR]) in the D/T group, significantly longer than PD-1 (44.8 months [95% CI 28.5-NR]) (univariate: HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50–0.87, P = 0.003; multivariate: HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.39–0.86, P = 0.007), with comparable OS with PD-1 (multivariate, HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.48–1.70, P = 0.75). Similar findings were observed using a restricted-mean-survival-time model. Among those who experienced recurrence, the proportion of distant metastases was higher in the D/T cohort. D/T had a higher incidence of treatment modification due to adverse events (AEs) than PD-1, but fewer persistent AEs. Interpretation: In patients with stage III BRAF V600-mutant melanoma post definitive surgery, D/T yielded better RFS than PD-1, with higher transient but lower persistent toxicity, and comparable OS. D/T seems to provide a better outcome compared with PD-1, but a longer follow-up and ideally a large prospective trial are needed. Funding: Dr. Xue Bai was supported by the Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme ( QMS20211101) for her efforts devoted to this study. Dr. Keith T. Flaherty was funded by Adelson Medical Research Foundation for the efforts devoted to this study
