1,354,480 research outputs found
Critical evaluation of vitamin C as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent in colds [in German; translated to English]
No full text<p>The English translation of this German paper was arranged because the paper reports a randomized placebo-controlled trial on vitamin C and the common cold.</p>
<p>Title in German: <strong>"Kritische Beurteilung des Vitamins C als Prophylacticum und Therapeuticum der Erkältungskrankheiten"</strong></p>
<p><strong>PubMed record: </strong><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13741912">pubmed/13741912</a></p>
<p>The benefit of vitamin C in the Ritzel (1961) trial may be explained by heavy acute physical stress:<br>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-972864">doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-972864</a><br>
<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225881">hdl.handle.net/10138/225881</a><br>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED.169.11.920">doi.org/10.7205/MILMED.169.11.920</a><br>
<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225864">hdl.handle.net/10138/225864</a></p>
<p>Ritzel's biography<br>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965598">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965598</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
Decrease of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1-gene-expression in inflammatory cells and in endothelial cells in the rat liver following CCl4-administration and in vitro after treatment with TNFα
No full textPlatelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), a member of the Ig superfamily is strongly expressed at endothelial cell-cell junctions, on most leukocytes and on monocytes. PECAM-1 has been implicated as a key mediator of the transendothelial migration of leukocytes and monocytes. To further define the physiological role of PECAM-1, we studied the modulation of PECAM-1-expression in a model of liver inflammation in both mononuclear cells (MCs) and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). in normal rat liver sections, PECAM-1 immunohistology indicated a sinusoidal pattern similar to the ICAM-1 staining. Both, SECs, small and large MCs isolated from control rats express PECAM-1 as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and Northern blot analysis. Immunohistochemical studies on liver sections from CCl4-treated animals indicated, that in the areas of necrosis 24-45 h after a single administration of the toxin, there was an accumulation of LFA-1-, ED1- (marker for rat monocytes) and ICAM-1-positive, but ED2-(marker for tissue macrophages)-negative inflammatory cells. Most of these cells were PECAM-1-negative. In situ hybridization indicated that there is no accumulation of PECAM-1 specific transcripts after CCl4 treatment within the pericentral region. Immunocytology, flow cytometry, and Northern blot analysis of MCs and SECs isolated at different times after the administration of CCl4 revealed a decrease of PECAM-1 gene expression in MCs and in SECs, whereas ICAM-1 expression increased. As TNF alpha has been shown to be upregulated early after CCl4 administration, the influence of TNF alpha on PECAM-gene-expression was analyzed. TNF alpha treatment of cultured rat SECs and of small and large MCs from normal liver decreased PECAM-1 specific transcript level in parallel to the increase of ICAM-1 transcript level. Conclusions: Early production of TNF alpha after liver injury could induce an increased ICAM-1-expression and a decreased PECAM-1 expression, which might be essential for the transmigration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 gene expression in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells during liver injury and repair
No full textBackground/Aims: Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1 is suggested to be critical for transmigration processes. It is a matter of debate whether PECAM-1 is expressed in liver sinusoids and whether it is involved in liver inflammation. Methods: Indirect immunostaining and in situ hybridization was used to analyze PECAM-1 gene expression in normal and diseased rat and human livers as well as in isolated rat sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), hepatic stellate cells and hepatocytes, At various time points after the administration of CCl4 (6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h), PECAM-1 gene expression was analyzed in livers and in SECs by immunostaining, and Northern blot analysis. Results: In normal rat or human livers PECAM-1 immunoreactivity was detected along the sinusoids in a pattern similar to ICAM-1 staining, PECAM-1 specific transcripts were detected in freshly isolated and cultured SECs. After a single CCl4-administration, PECAM-1 immunoreactivity did not increase along the sinusoids in contrast to the early increase of ICAM-1, Northern blot analysis indicated that PECAM-1 expression in liver tissue and in isolated SECs does not increase after a single administration of CCl4, whereas ICAM-1 steady-state level increased after 6 h, In diseased human livers PECAM-1 was detectable along the sinusoids, within inflammatory infiltrates and within fibrotic septa, Neither in acutely nor chronically diseased human livers was an obvious increase of PECAM-1 immunoreactivity detectable. Conclusions: PECAM-1 is expressed by SECs, In contrast to ICAM-1, PECAM-1 transcript level is not enhanced during liver damage
von Willebrand gene expression in damaged human liver
No full textBackground/Aims: von Willebrand factor (vWf) is an adhesive glycoprotein known to play a role in hemostasis and in tissue injury. It is found in high levels in plasma of patients with acute hepatic failure and chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of tissue vWf in acute liver failure in humans. Methodology: We studied vWf immunostaining and mRNA expression in the liver of three patients with fulminant liver failure, two patients with chronic liver disease, and two controls. PECAM-1 (CD31) immunostaining and mRNA expression were used as an additional endothelial marker. Results: In chronic liver cirrhosis, vWf deposits were strongly detected at the scar-parenchyma interface. In fulminant hepatic failure, intense deposits were seen in tissue sections in the area of necrosis. A similar pattern of immunostaining was seen with PECAM-1. vWf transcripts were abundant in the liver of patients with chronic disease and minimally expressed in patients with acute hepatic failure and in controls. Conclusions: vWf is deposited within the liver sinusoids early after liver damage. The factor is only partially produced locally during the acute phase of the disease, but is overproduced in chronic disease states. These changes may suggest a role for vWf in liver injury and repair
von Willebrand gene expression in damaged human liver
No full textBackground/Aims: von Willebrand factor (vWf) is an adhesive glycoprotein known to play a role in hemostasis and in tissue injury. It is found in high levels in plasma of patients with acute hepatic failure and chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of tissue vWf in acute liver failure in humans. Methodology: We studied vWf immunostaining and mRNA expression in the liver of three patients with fulminant liver failure, two patients with chronic liver disease, and two controls. PECAM-1 (CD31) immunostaining and mRNA expression were used as an additional endothelial marker. Results: In chronic liver cirrhosis, vWf deposits were strongly detected at the scar-parenchyma interface. In fulminant hepatic failure, intense deposits were seen in tissue sections in the area of necrosis. A similar pattern of immunostaining was seen with PECAM-1. vWf transcripts were abundant in the liver of patients with chronic disease and minimally expressed in patients with acute hepatic failure and in controls. Conclusions: vWf is deposited within the liver sinusoids early after liver damage. The factor is only partially produced locally during the acute phase of the disease, but is overproduced in chronic disease states. These changes may suggest a role for vWf in liver injury and repair
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
O movimento ambientalista em um momento de transição : analise de um conflito (a proposito dos residuos solidos em Novo Hamburgo)
No full textVariations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Conduction velocity estimation depends on the location where surface emgs are detected from the medial gastrocnemius muscle
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