1,721,003 research outputs found
Exploitation of new attractants for fruit fly pests of economic importance
No full textThe fruit fly tribe Dacini (Tephritidae: Diptera) comprises more than 700 species including many fruit pests of economic importance, particularly in the two genera,
Bactrocera and Zeugodacus. Males of many dacine species show strong affinity either to methyl eugenol (ME) or cue-lure (CL). However, there are over a hundred species that show no affinity to these lures. We have been seeking new attractants for these ‘nonresponding’ species particularly of endemic agricultural importance based on the following three criteria, (1) by observing their mating sequences, (2) their natural interactions with plants and (3) by analyzing specific chemicals the wild male flies accumulate in their secretory organ (rectal gland) associated with pheromone production. Orchid flowers of many Bulbophyllum species attract fruit fly males by emitting specific volatiles for pollination, in the rain forests of Southeast Asia. Several species produce either ME or raspberry ketone (RK), and some species use zingerone (ZN) to attract both ME-sensitive and RK-sensitive males. ZN was found as a specific male attractant for B. jarvisi. A specific attractant for the solanaceous fruit fly, B. latifrons, was characterized as 3-hydroxy-α-ionone from a specific variety of eggplants. Several 3-oxygenated α-ionone analogs were developed as monitoring agents for B. latifrons in Okinawa, Japan. Furthermore, wild Bactrocera males that have fed on attractants from certain plant sources selectively accumulate/biotransform compounds in the rectal gland possibly for sex pheromone to attract females. A sesquiterpene, β-caryophyllene, was identified from the rectal gland in wild B. correcta males. β-Caryophyllene was found to be more attractive than ME to males, and thus, potentially serves as a new monitoring agent for B. correcta. These exemplify the importance of a multidisciplinary study including behavioral, physiological, biochemical and chemoecological aspects to develop new fruit fly attractants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Chemical Ecology of Poisonous Butterflies: Model or Mimic? A Paradox of Sexual Dimorphisms in Müllerian Mimicry
No full text
- …
