1,721,109 research outputs found
Turnover of individuals with similar career sequences as predictor of employer change
No full textOccupational career patterns are conceptualized as sequences that consist of individuals’ occupational states and employer changes. These sequences are often similar, as many careers are path dependent and follow general patterns. Our hypothesis is that employee turnover can be predicted by employer changes of individuals with similar career trajectories. We derived 1,651 career sequences that incorporate 20 years of individuals’ occupational positions from a large national panel. The similarity of career sequences was assessed with the optimal matching method. We then used the resulting similarity measures as weights for a novel predictor of individuals’ employer changes. In support of our hypothesis, employer changes in similar career sequences predicted turnover. The method introduced in this study could help in reinforcing the use of prospective, longitudinal designs in career literature
Intergenerational patterns of family formation in East and West Germany
No full textWhy is intergenerational transmission of family formation weaker in some country contexts than in others? This paper employs the historically unique situation of the German division to study country context effects on intergenerational regularities in family formation. We use the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP to analyze the longitudinal family formation trajectories from age 15-35 of children born 1953-1978 and their mothers. Findings show that East German mother-child family formation trajectories are more dissimilar than West German mother-child family formation trajectories. Further, East German mother-child dyads are more likely to be categorized as patterns of intergenerational contrast, whereas West German mother-child dyads are more likely to display strong transmission. To account for these differences in intergenerational transmission of family formation between East and West Germany, we propose to combine multichannel sequence analysis, multinomial logistic modeling and decomposition methods for nonlinear probability models. This methodological approach enables us to show that differences in parental education and children’s educational mobility in East and West Germany mediate the strength of intergenerational transmission and contribute to explaining differences in intergenerational patterns of family formation in the two contexts. We conclude that the proposed approach is promising to disentangle cross-national differences in intergenerational regularities in family formation
Sequence Analysis and Related Approaches
Get PDFThis open access book provides innovative methods and original applications of sequence analysis (SA) and related methods for analysing longitudinal data describing life trajectories such as professional careers, family paths, the succession of health statuses, or the time use. The applications as well as the methodological contributions proposed in this book pay special attention to the combined use of SA and other methods for longitudinal data such as event history analysis, Markov modelling, and sequence network. The methodological contributions in this book include among others original propositions for measuring the precarity of work trajectories, Markov-based methods for clustering sequences, fuzzy and monothetic clustering of sequences, network-based SA, joint use of SA and hidden Markov models, and of SA and survival models. The applications cover the comparison of gendered occupational trajectories in Germany, the study of the changes in women market participation in Denmark, the study of typical day of dual-earner couples in Italy, of mobility patterns in Togo, of internet addiction in Switzerland, and of the quality of employment career after a first unemployment spell. As such this book provides a wealth of information for social scientists interested in quantitative life course analysis, and all those working in sociology, demography, economics, health, psychology, social policy, and statistics. ; Provides new perspectives and methods for sequence analysis Focusses on the link between sequence analysis and other methods for longitudinal data, especially event history analysis and Markov models Stresses the complementarity of sequence analysis and other models for longitudinal data Applications of sequence analysis in a whole range of different domain
Sequence analysis and related approaches : innovative methods and applications
No full textThis volume provides innovative methods and applications of sequence analysis
(SA) to life course and time use data with a focus on the relationship between SA
and other methods for longitudinal data. It originated in the International Conference
on Sequence Analysis and Related Methods (LaCOSA II) held in Lausanne, 8–10
June, 2016. The 15 articles that, together with the introduction chapter, constitute
the book were selected among 25 propositions received in response to a call for
papers addressed to the participants and members of the scientific committee of the
Conference. The selection was conducted through peer reviewing with each paper
being evaluated by at least three reviewers
Analysing Complex Life Sequence Data with Hidden Markov Modelling
No full textWhen analysing complex sequence data with multiple channels (dimensions)
and long observation sequences, describing and visualizing the data can be
a challenge. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) and their mixtures (MHMMs) offer
a probabilistic model-based framework where the information in such data can be
compressed into hidden states (general life stages) and clusters (general patterns in
life courses).
We studied two different approaches to analysing clustered life sequence data
with sequence analysis (SA) and hidden Markov modelling. In the first approach
we used SA clusters as fixed and estimated HMMs separately for each group. In the
second approach we treated SA clusters as suggestive and used them as a starting
point for the estimation of MHMMs.
Even though the MHMM approach has advantages, we found it to be unfeasible
in this type of complex setting. Instead, using separate HMMs for SA clusters was
useful for finding and describing patterns in life courses.nonPeerReviewe
The age of reproduction: The effect of university tuition fees on enrolment in Quebec and Ontario
No full textWe are interested in the role tuition fees play in social re-
production.
We use retrospective biographical data from a ser
ies of
surveys on family events,
lo
ng series on tuition fees
and methods
from event history analysis
to study the effect of the level of tuition
fees on university enrolment in
two Canadian provinces,
Quebec and
Ontario. We
focus on the variation of their effect on enrolment ac-
cording to
so
cial origin, province, language and immigration status.
Not considering age, the level of tuition fees increase
s
enrolment for
children of highly educated parents or immigrants, has no effect
among the Quebec English
-
speaking, but decreases enrolment in al
l
other groups.
However,
in most groups, the
deterring
effect
increas-
es with
age
.
Among immigrants and their children,
as well as among
the Ontario English
-
speaking,
the
slope of the relation between the
effect of tuition fees and age is markedly steep:
In
these groups
,
there seem
s
to be
a limited age
window during
which parents are
willing to invest in their children
’s
education
Job access and the spatial mobility trajectories of higher education graduates in the Netherlands
No full textThe successfulness of the transition from education into working life isclosely related to further career success. Graduates with good access to jobs earn higher wages and have lower chances of being unemployed. Access to jobs at the start of the career is therefore an important determinant of early career success and of importance for the whole career. In this paper, we study the effect of job access on the mobility patterns of recent higher education graduates. We use a GIS to calculate a job accessibility index based on driving time and use sequence analysis to create spatial mobility histories for 13,621 recent graduates of higher education. We subsequently relate job access at the start of the career to spatial mobility histories to analyze whether a suboptimal starting location in terms of job access leads to differing spatial mobility trajectories. Finally, we analyze how job access and spatial mobility influence labor market outcomes
Combining Sequence Analysis and Hidden Markov Models in the Analysis of Complex Life Sequence Data
No full textLife course data often consists of multiple parallel sequences, one for each life domain of interest. Multichannel sequence analysis has been used for computing pairwise dissimilarities and finding clusters in this type of multichannel (or multidimensional) sequence data. Describing and visualizing such data is, however, often challenging. We propose an approach for compressing, interpreting, and visualizing the information within multichannel sequences by finding (1) groups of similar trajectories and (2) similar phases within trajectories belonging to the same group. For these tasks we combine multichannel sequence analysis and hidden Markov modelling. We illustrate this approach with an empirical application to life course data but the proposed approach can be useful in various longitudinal problems
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