1,721,048 research outputs found
Data for: Multi-dimensional damage measure for seismic reliability analysis
No full textFunction created by: Dr. Raffaele De Risi, Dr. Katsu Goda, Dr. Solomon TesfamariamSeptember 2018Reference:_______________________________________________________________De Risi, R., Goda, K., Tesfamariam, S. (2018).Multi-dimensional damage measure for seismic reliability analysisStructural Safety.Details are provided in Appendix A and Appendix B of the cited documen
Data for: Multi-dimensional damage measure for seismic reliability analysis
No full textFunction created by: Dr. Raffaele De Risi, Dr. Katsu Goda, Dr. Solomon TesfamariamSeptember 2018Reference:_______________________________________________________________De Risi, R., Goda, K., Tesfamariam, S. (2018).Multi-dimensional damage measure for seismic reliability analysisStructural Safety.Details are provided in Appendix A and Appendix B of the cited documentTHIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
Low-cycle fatigue behaviour and strain-life model of stainless steel reinforcing bars
No full textReinforced concrete (RC) structures, often subjected to repeated static and dynamic loadings, are prone to fatigue failure of their steel reinforcing bars (rebar), which is worsened by corrosion in high chloride concentration service environments. Stainless steel rebars have gained increasing attention in recent years as a promising alternative to traditional carbon steel rebars to overcome chloride-induced corrosion, with life cycle costs and life cycle analyses affirming their sustainability and economic benefits. This paper reports the results of a pioneering series of 125 low-cycle high-amplitude fatigue tests on 12 mm hot-rolled and cold-rolled austenitic EN 1.4301 and 16 mm hot-rolled duplex EN 1.4482 stainless steel reinforcing bars as well as B500C 12 mm and 16 mm carbon steel reinforcing bars under different strain amplitudes 1%−5% and different bar length-to-diameter ratios 5–15. Strain-life models in the form of Coffin-Manson and Koh-Stephen relationships were developed and calibrated based on the low-cycle fatigue test data. Furthermore, empirical relationships relating the rebar slenderness to the ductility coefficient and exponent of the strain-life models were presented. An increase in both the slenderness and strain amplitude was found to reduce the fatigue life for all tested rebar materials. The hot-rolled stainless steel rebars exhibited superior fatigue performance in terms of fatigue life and energy dissipation than B500C carbon steel rebars. For the stainless steel rebars, cold-rolling was found to reduce the fatigue life. However, the cold-rolled stainless steel rebars of the smallest tested slenderness were still found to have comparable fatigue performance as the carbon steel rebars
Mpemba effect and phase transitions in the adiabatic cooling of water before freezing
No full textIn this paper, an accurate experimental investigation of the Mpemba effect (that is, of the fact that initially hot water freezes before the colder one) is carried out, showing that, in the adiabatic cooling of water, relevant roles are played by supercooling, and by phase transitions which take place at 6 +/- degrees C, 3.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 1.3 +/- 0.6 degrees C. The last transition, which occurs with the non-negligible probability of 0.21 with respect to the total number of runs performed, has not been detected earlier. On the basis of our experimental results, we can present a thorough theoretical analysis of supercooling and of such phase transitions, which are interpreted in terms of the different ordering of molecule clusters in water. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Beyond weight loss in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the role of carbohydrate restriction
No full textPurpose of review The low fat diet (LFD) is currently the first choice to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) alongside with physical activity. However, low carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and ketogenic diets have gained attention lately, thanks to their favourable impact in reducing intrahepatic triglyceride content. We therefore aimed at providing an update on recent evidence evaluating the hepatoprotective effects of such dietary interventions. Recent findings Novel findings confirmed previous evidence by showing beneficial effects on liver fat content reduction for both LFDs and LCDs. The further restriction of carbohydrates to less than 50 g/day, usually leading to ketosis, confirmed to produce an improvement in NAFLD, with very low-calorie ketogenic diets possibly proving particularly beneficial thanks to the significant weight loss that can be obtained. Summary Most of the latest evidence shows that carbohydrate restriction plays a fundamental role in the modulation of lipid metabolism leading to similar efficacy in improving NAFLD compared with LFDs. The hepatoprotective role of carbohydrate restriction appears to be boosted when ketogenesis is induced, when the total calorie intake is extremely reduced, or, possibly, when dietary interventions have reduced content in free sugars, making such interventions valuable tools to deal with NAFLD
Editorial: The liver as an endocrine organ: Hepatokines and ketone bodies, novel hormones to be acknowledged
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Is obesity the missing link between COVID-19 severity and air pollution?
No full textIn the previous publication “Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy?” Conticini et al. hypothesized that the surplus of lethality of the novel SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Italy may be at least in part explained by the evidence of highest pollution reported in this area, as both severe COVID-19 and smog exposure are correlated to an innate immune system hyper-activation with subsequent lung inflammation and injury. Since this hypothesis alone does not fully explain why specific subgroups of patients are at major risk, we hypothesized that obesity may be one of the links between COVID-19 severity and high level of air pollution. First, obesity is a predisposing factor for SARS-Cov-2 infection and worse COVID-19 outcomes, and unequivocal evidence demonstrated that fat mass excess is independently associated with several pulmonary diseases and lung inflammation. Moreover, it has been shown that obesity may intensify the detrimental effects of air pollution on the lungs, and this is not surprising if we consider that these conditions share an excessive activation of the immune system and a lung inflammatory infiltrate. Finally, fat mass excess has also been speculated to be itself a consequence of air pollutants exposure, which has been proved to induce metabolic disruption and weight gain in murine models. In conclusion, although many variables must be taken into account in the analysis of the pandemic, our observations suggest that obesity may act as effect modifier of smog-induced lung-injury, and the concomitant presence of these two factors could better explain the higher virulence, faster spread and greater mortality of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Italy compared to the rest of the country
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