16 research outputs found
Karakterisasi Fisik dan Mutu (Kadar Air, Asam Lemak Bebas, dan Angka Lempeng Total) Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) yang Diperkaya dengan Fermentasi Ragi Roti
No full textThe Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) fermentation method with baker's yeast is a method that can maintain the quality of the oil. The aim of this research is to determine the quality characteristics of VCO. The research was carried out with three repetitions, and the data obtained was discussed descriptively. The research results showed that the VCO produced by adding 1 gram, 2 gram, and 3 gram of bread yeast still met quality standards in terms of physical characteristics and peroxide value in accordance with SNI 7381:2008, namely a maximum of 2 meq/kg. The parameters of water content and free fatty acid content are in accordance with quality standards according to the APCC (Asian Pacific Coconut Community). And analysis of the total plate number obtained is still within the standard for drinkability, namely 1.0 x 101 CFU/ml.Metode fermentasi dengan penambahan ragi roti pada Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) berperan dalam menjaga kualitas minyak tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik mutu VCO dengan penambahan ragi roti merek Fermipan ke dalam 500 ml krim santan, kemudian di fermentasi selama 24 jam dan diulang sebanyak tiga kali, dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa VCO dengan penambahan 1 gram, 2 gram, dan 3 gram ragi roti tetap memenuhi standar mutu, termasuk karakteristik fisik (aroma, rasa, dan warna) serta bilangan peroksida sesuai SNI 7381:2008 (maksimal 2 meq/kg). Pengujian kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas, dan angka lempeng total juga sesuai dengan standar kualitas APCC (Asian Pasific Coconut Community), dan uji angka lempeng total 1,0 x 101 CFU/ml menjadikan VCO tersebut layak untuk dikonsumsi
A Analisis Mutu dan Finansial Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Dengan Metode Fermentasi Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
No full textCoconut meat is the part that is mostly processed into coconut milk, occult oil, and copra. Downstream processing, such as VCO, is an opportunity to increase the economic value of coconut farmers. VCO contains lots of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, which are good for body health. This study aims to determine the quality and antioxidant activity of VCO and its economic feasibility as a business. This research was carried out in two stages, namely the manufacture of VCO by fermentation using the addition of starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae in amounts of 1 gram, 2 grams, and 3 grams. Then the yield was calculated and tested for antioxidant activity, organoleptic color, taste, and aroma. Then the second stage is calculated financially for the VCO business. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively. The results of the research conducted show that the production of virgin coconut oil (VCO) is enough to be used as a business; it will reach the BEP when it has sold 13 bottles or earned as much as IDR 312,918. For every rupiah spent, a sales profit of 4.79 will be obtained, with a profit per unit of production of IDR 1,187,082, so this VCO business is feasible to develop. The VCO fermentation, according to SNI 7381:2008, is the addition of 1, 2, and 3 grams of baker's yeast. But the high yield and aroma are found in the addition of 2 grams of yeast.Daging buah kelapa merupakan bagian yang paling banyak diolah menjadi santan, minyak klentik, dan kopra. Pengolahan hilir seperti VCO menjadi peluang dalam peningkatan nilai ekonomi petani kelapa. VCO banyak mengandung asam lemak tidak jenuh dan antioksidan yang baik untuk kesehatan tubuh. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui mutu dan aktifitas antioksidan dari VCO serta melihat kelayakan ekonomi untuk dijadikan usaha. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan 2 tahap yaitu pembuatan VCO secara fermentasi menggunakan penambahan starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae sebanyak 1 gram, 2 gram, dan 3 gram. Kemudian dihitung rendemen, dan pengujian aktifitas antioksidan, organoleptik warna, rasa, dan aroma. Kemudian tahap kedua dihitung fnansial dari usaha VCO. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara Deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Produksi minyak kelapa murni (VCO) menguntungkan untuk dijadikan usaha, akan mencapai BEP ketika sudah menjual 13 botol atau mendapatkan sebanyak Rp 312.918. Setiap rupiah yang dikeluarkan akan diperoleh hasil penjualan sebesar 4,79 dengan keuntungan per satu kali produksi Rp 1.187.082, sehingga usaha VCO ini layak untuk dikembangkan. Fermentasi VCO yang sesuai SNI 7381:2008 adalah penambahan ragi roti 1, 2 dan 3 gram. Tetapi rendemen dan aroma yang tinggi terdapat pada penambahan ragi 2 gra
K KAJIAN GULA REDUKSI MENJADI ALKOHOL DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION AND FERMENTATION (SSF):
No full textAlcohol is closely related to daily life. It is used as a solvent or additional substance in the food, industry, pharmacology, laboratory, and beauty sectors. Empty oil palm bunches waste is the potential to process into alcohol because it contains cellulose that can be transformed into sugar, and the sugar is fermented into alcohol. The objective of this research was to find out the reducing sugar and alcohol produced from empty oil palm bunches. This research was done in two stages. The first stage was the preparation of empty oil palm bunches with basal (NaOH) treatment. The second stage included fermentation with cellulose enzyme (Novozymes Yield CL) for 24 hours and then fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 72 hours. The substrate concentrations to use were 7.5% and 10% and starter concentrations were 10%, 15%, and 20%. Research data were analyzed by using a completely randomized design (CRD) and then followed with the least significant difference (LSD). The result showed that 7.5% substrate addition produced the highest reducing sugar by 3.014% and then 10% substrate produced 2.686% reducing sugar. The alcohol test result showed that 10% substrate and 20% starter were significantly different by 3.5%, and 7.5% and 10% produced the lowest alcohol by 1%.Alkohol sangat erat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, alkohol digunakan menjadi pelarut atau bahan tambahan dalam bidang makanan, industri, farmasi, laboratorium, dan kecantikan. Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit berpotensi diolah menjadi alkohol, karena mengandung selulosa yang diubah menjadi gula, gula itu yang difermentasi menjadi alkohol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gula reduksi dan alkohol yang dihasilkan dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Penelitian dilakukan melalui 2 tahap, yaitu tahap pertama adalah persiapan sampel TKKS yang sudah di pretreatment basa (NaOH). Tahap kedua pelaksanaan penelitian meliputi fermentasi dengan enzim cellulase (Novozymes Yield CL) selama 24 jam, kemudian fermentasi dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiae Selama 72 jam. Konsentrasi substrat yang digunakan 7,5% dan 10%, konsentrasi starter yang digunakan 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Data hasil penelitian di analisis dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gula reduksi paling tinggi di penambahan substrat 7,5% yaitu 3,014% dan substrat 10% menghasilkan gula 2,686%. Hasil uji alkohol didapatkan bahwa substrat 10% dan starter 20% berbeda nyata yaitu 3,5%, sedangkan substrat 7,5% dan starter 10% menghasilkan alkohol terkecil 1%.
Kata kunci : Akohol, Gula Reduksi, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
Pembuatan Lateks Pekat Menggunakan Sodium Alginat dengan Mengkombinasikan Metode Pendadihan dan Sentrifugasi
No full textPeningkatan produksi karet di Provinsi Lampung tidak diimbangi dengan harga karet yang baik, cenderung tidak stabil bahkan menurun. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan industri pengolahan karet yang bisa diaplikasikan kepada petani, seperti lateks pekat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kombinasi dosis larutan sodium alginat dan waktu sentrifugasi terbaik dalam pembuatan lateks pekat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktor, faktor pertama dosis larutan sodium alginat (0,1%, 0,2%, dan 0,3%) dan faktor kedua yaitu lama waktu sentrifugasi (25 menit, 35 menit dan 45 menit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi dosis larutan sodium alginat 0,1% dan waktu sentrifugasi 45 menit memiliki hasil terbaik dalam pembuatan lateks pekat dengan nilai pH 11,5, kadar karet kering 63,50%, kadar jumlah padatan 64,89%, dan waktu kemantapan mekanik 620 detik. Perlakuan tersebut belum memenuhi standar mutu ISO 2004
TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN NATA DE COCO DARI LIMBAH AIR KELAPA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI EKONOMI PADA KWT MENTARI DI DESA WIYONO
No full textDesa Wiyono merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Gedong Tataan, Kabupaten Pesawaran. Mayoritas penduduk desa Wiyono (70% dari seluruh tenaga kerja) memiliki mata pencaharian sebagai petani. Menurut BPS Pesawaran (2022), produksi kelapa di Kabupaten Pasawaran mencapai 8.121 ton/tahun dengan luas areal 11.238 ha. Tanaman kelapa (Cocos nucifera L) adalah tanaman multifungsi yang seluruh bagiannya memiliki manfaat untuk manusia. Nata de coco adalah suatu produk hasil fermentasi oleh bakteri acetobacter xylinum. Produk ini berbentuk padat, kokoh, kuat, putih, transparan, kenyal dan banyak digunakan sebagai salah satu pangan fungsional karena mengandung serat pangan. Saat ini petani mengalami kesulitan dalam mengolah air kelapa menjadi nata de coco karena ketidaktahuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang digunakan, sehingga air kelapa yang dihasilkan hanya dibuang begitu saja sebagai limbah. Kondisi seperti ini tentunya membutuhkan transfer ilmu pengetahuan dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Tim pengusul kegiatan telah merancang metode kegiatan yang diterapkan melalui penyuluhan, demonstrasi, pelatihan, konsultasi, dan bimbingan, serta evaluasi. Setelah program dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa pemahaman dan pengembangan teknis teknologi masyarakat meningkat dari 0% menjadi 100% dan penerapan hasil di lapangan sebesar 15%. Dengan dilakukannya transfer ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kepada masyarakat khususnya kelompok wanita tani Desa Wiyono, diharapkan air kelapa yang sebelumnya tidak bernilai menjadi memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi.
 
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI SAMBUNG SAMPING UNTUK REHABILITASI TANAMAN KOPI DI DESA MUARA BARU LAMPUNG BARAT
No full textThe majority of Berkah Jaya farmer group community partnership program members work as coffee farmers. The production of coffee from farmers' gardens in recent years has continued to decline. This is because the age of the coffee plants in Muara Baru Village is more than ten years old. If prevention is not carried out, coffee production in Muara Baru Village in the next ten years will not be sufficient for the family's economic needs. This is because the cultivated coffee plants have exceeded the productive age limit of coffee plants. The partner's biggest wish is to make his or her garden return to high production every time the harvest season arrives. If production is high, it will have an impact on increasing the welfare of the village community. Therefore, community service activities (PKM) were carried out in the form of transfer of knowledge of side grafting technology to support the rehabilitation of coffee plants in Muara Baru village. Side grafting technology is needed for coffee plant rejuvenation in Muara Baru Village. Because if planting is done using new plants, a problem will arise in the form of a void in the production period. The vacancy during the production period results in no farmer's income for a certain period. Farmers need to get side grafting technology transfer because the members of the farmer group have never done side grafting as an effort to rejuvenate their coffee plants. The team has designed a method that is implemented by means of counseling, demonstrations, training, consultation and guidance, as well as evaluation. When the side grafting technology was transferred, all participants were enthusiastic to know how to do side grafting. At the end of the activity, the members of the farmer group were very satisfied with the success of the connection that had been made. An increase in understanding and technology by 100% after counseling was carried out, the application that was applied was 80% and the average increase in farmer's knowledge was 87.50%.Keywords: durian, grafting, superior seed
Rendemen dan Mutu Lateks Pekat dengan Kombinasi Teknologi Penggetaran dan Pendadihan
No full textConcentrated latex is a processed natural rubber product with a dry rubber content of 60-64%. Making concentrated latex by centrifugation requires investment in expensive equipment, while making concentrated latex by creaming takes a long time, around 2-3 weeks. One way to speed up the production of concentrated latex is by using a simple tool, namely an orbital vibrator. This research used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. Factor I is Vibration Time (V) and factor II is creaming Time (T). The results of the research showed that the length of shaking and creaming time in making concentrated latex had an influence on the yield and quality of concentrated latex except for the pH value, but there was no interaction between these two factors. The quality of concentrated latex that meets ISO 2004 standards is pH (10.1-10.83) and WKM (564.33-618.17 seconds) while KKK (53.74 - 57.64%) and KJP (50.58 – 53.29 %), not yet meeting ISO 2004 standards.Lateks dengan kadar karet kering 60-64% merupakan jenis lateks pekat. Pembuatan lateks pekat dengan sentrifugasi memerlukan investasi peralatan yang mahal, sedangkan pembuatan lateks pekat dengan cara pendadihan memerlukan waktu sekitar 3 minggu. Salah satu cara untuk mempercepat pembuatan lateks pekat dengan menggunakan alat sederhana yaitu dengan penggetar orbital. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAK faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I yaitu Waktu Penggetaran (V) dan faktor II yaitu Waktu Pendadihan (T). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama waktu penggetaran dan pendadihan pada pembuatan lateks pekat memberikan pengaruh terhadap rendemen dan mutu lateks pekat kecuali nilai pH. Mutu lateks pekat yang telah memenuhi standar ISO 2004 yaitu pH (10,1-10,83) dan WKM (564,33-618,17 detik) sedangkan KKK (53,74 – 57,64 %) dan KJP (50,58 – 53,29 %), belum memenuhi standar ISO 2004
Pengaruh Konsentrasi NaOH dan Suhu Delignifikasi pada Kandungan Lignoselulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
No full textPalm oil processing in the industry produces products and waste; the waste generated from the palm oil processing process will have a negative impact on the environment if it is not processed. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are lignocellulosic solid wastes that contain cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content, so they have the potential to be raw materials for making bioethanol. In the process of producing bioethanol, delignification is an early stage that aims to reduce the lignin content in lignocellulosic materials with alkaline or alkaline pretreatment solutions such as the use of NaOH can be used to help separate lignin from cellulose fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification temperature on the lignocellulosic content of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research method was arranged descriptively with two treatments: the concentration of NaOH consisting of 3%, 4%, and 5%, and the heating temperature consisting of 100 oC, 110 oC, and 120 oC. Lignocellulosic content can be calculated using the Chesson method analysis with the Microsoft Excel 2016 application as a data processor. The results showed that 1 M NaOH concentration with heating temperature had an effect on the observations of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The best treatment of 1 M NaOH concentration and heating temperature on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was produced by the treatment of 5% NaOH concentration with a heating temperature of 120 0C.Palm oil processing in the industry produces products and waste; the waste generated from the palm oil processing process will have a negative impact on the environment if it is not processed. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are lignocellulosic solid wastes that contain cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content, so they have the potential to be raw materials for making bioethanol. In the process of producing bioethanol, delignification is an early stage that aims to reduce the lignin content in lignocellulosic materials with alkaline or alkaline pretreatment solutions such as the use of NaOH can be used to help separate lignin from cellulose fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification temperature on the lignocellulosic content of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research method was arranged descriptively with two treatments: the concentration of NaOH consisting of 3%, 4%, and 5%, and the heating temperature consisting of 100 oC, 110 oC, and 120 oC. Lignocellulosic content can be calculated using the Chesson method analysis with the Microsoft Excel 2016 application as a data processor. The results showed that 1 M NaOH concentration with heating temperature had an effect on the observations of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The best treatment of 1 M NaOH concentration and heating temperature on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was produced by the treatment of 5% NaOH concentration with a heating temperature of 120 0C
Pengaruh Konsentrasi NaOH dan Suhu Delignifikasi pada Kandungan Lignoselulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
No full textPalm oil processing in the industry produces products and waste; the waste generated from the palm oil processing process will have a negative impact on the environment if it is not processed. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are lignocellulosic solid wastes that contain cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content, so they have the potential to be raw materials for making bioethanol. In the process of producing bioethanol, delignification is an early stage that aims to reduce the lignin content in lignocellulosic materials with alkaline or alkaline pretreatment solutions such as the use of NaOH can be used to help separate lignin from cellulose fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification temperature on the lignocellulosic content of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research method was arranged descriptively with two treatments: the concentration of NaOH consisting of 3%, 4%, and 5%, and the heating temperature consisting of 100 oC, 110 oC, and 120 oC. Lignocellulosic content can be calculated using the Chesson method analysis with the Microsoft Excel 2016 application as a data processor. The results showed that 1 M NaOH concentration with heating temperature had an effect on the observations of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The best treatment of 1 M NaOH concentration and heating temperature on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was produced by the treatment of 5% NaOH concentration with a heating temperature of 120 0C.Palm oil processing in the industry produces products and waste; the waste generated from the palm oil processing process will have a negative impact on the environment if it is not processed. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are lignocellulosic solid wastes that contain cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content, so they have the potential to be raw materials for making bioethanol. In the process of producing bioethanol, delignification is an early stage that aims to reduce the lignin content in lignocellulosic materials with alkaline or alkaline pretreatment solutions such as the use of NaOH can be used to help separate lignin from cellulose fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification temperature on the lignocellulosic content of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research method was arranged descriptively with two treatments: the concentration of NaOH consisting of 3%, 4%, and 5%, and the heating temperature consisting of 100 oC, 110 oC, and 120 oC. Lignocellulosic content can be calculated using the Chesson method analysis with the Microsoft Excel 2016 application as a data processor. The results showed that 1 M NaOH concentration with heating temperature had an effect on the observations of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The best treatment of 1 M NaOH concentration and heating temperature on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was produced by the treatment of 5% NaOH concentration with a heating temperature of 120 0C
Pemanfaatan Limbah Delignifikasi Bioethanol dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Surfaktan Natrium Lignosulfonat
No full textSurfactants (surface active agents) are compounds that are ampipic (hydrophilic and hydrophobic in one molecule), so they can be applied as emulsifiers, emuliency, defoaming, detergency, and others. Surfactants from lignin can be an alternative to surfactants from petroleum (petroleum), which are non-renewable and cause environmental impacts because they are difficult to degrade. The research stage was the delignification of OPEFB with NaOH, which had concentrations of 10, 20, and 30%. Observations made were the yield of lignin, TSS (total solids), surfactant concentration of sodium lignosulfonate with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and pH. The surfactant results using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer test showed a high and stable surfactant content at 10% NaOH concentration in 30 minutes, namely 2.480; 2,360; 2,679; and in 60 minutes, which is 2,768; 2,812; 2,878.Surfaktan (Surface active agent) merupakan senyawa yang bersifat ampipilik (hidropilik dan hidropobik dalam satu molekul), sehingga dapat diaplikasikan sebagai defoaming, emulsifier, detergency, emuliency, dan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan Surfaktan Natrium Lignosulfonat dari limbah proses delignifikasi bioethanol. Metode penelitian dilakukan 2 tahap yaitu delignifikasi TKKS dengan NaOH yang memiliki konsentrasi 10, 20, dan 30%. Tahap kedua analisis rendemen lignin, TSS (total padatan), dan konsentrasi surfaktan natrium lignosulfonat menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, pH. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara Deskriptif. Hasil surfaktan dengan pengujian Spektrofotometer UV-Vis adalah kandungan surfaktan yang tinggi dan stabil adalah pada konsentrasi NaOH 10% baik dalam waktu 30 menit yaitu 2,480; 2,360; 2,679 dan 60 menit yaitu 2,768; 2,812; 2,878 ppm
