1,720,958 research outputs found
Studi Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (Ipal) Komunal pada Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Kabupaten Situbondo
No full textPondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah terletak di desa Sukorejo Kecamatan Banyuputih Kabupaten Situbondo yang mempunyai luas area ± 11,9 ha. Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah terdiri dari puluhan ribu santri dimana memiliki kebutuhan air yang tinggi dan menghasilkan air limbah yang tidak sedikit. Untuk keberlangsungan berkegiatan para santri harus memperhatikan fasilitas sanitasi yang layak untuk mencegah potensi timbulnya pencemaran lingkungan dan permasalahan kesehatan. Air limbah domestik Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah bersumber dari toilet, tempat mandi, tempat wudhu, tempat mencuci baju, dan dapur. Tersebut langsung dialirkan ke badan air tanpa dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu.
Permasalahan air limbah domestik menjadi sangat serius akibat pembuangan air limbah domestik langsung ke lingkungan melalui saluran drainase yang akhirnya menuju sungai tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu. Berdasarkan temuan pengamatan yang telah dilakukan, Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah membuang greywater langsung ke tanah atau ke saluran terdekat (sungai, selokan, atau selokan) tanpa melalui pengolahan lebih lanjut. Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah memiliki jumlah santri sebanyak 4.140 jiwa. Teknologi ABR (Anaerobic Baffled Reactor) akan digunakan untuk pengolahan air limbah greywater yang direncanakan. Teknologi ini dipilih karena kemudahan pengoperasiannya, serta pertimbangan teknis dan finansial serta ketersediaan lahan.
Hasil dari perhitungan BOQ dan RAB dari perencanaan ini biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pembuatan Instalasi pengolahan air limbah komunal seluas 61,59 m² yaitu sebesar Rp. 89.809.830,1. Perencanaan diketahui bahwa kualitas air limbah BOD 11,33 mg/l, COD 46,36 mg/l, dan TSS 57,8 mg/l, memenuhi baku mutu. Rata-rata BOD, COD, dan TSS yang digunakan dalam perencanaan masing-masing adalah 8 mg/L, 33,408 mg/L, dan 23,1mg/L. Kali Deluwang Kabupaten Situbondo masuk dalam klasifikasi mutu air kelas III dengan demikian hasil perhitungan dari perencanaan ialah memenuhi kualitas aman.
Kata Kunci : Air Limbah, Anaerobic Baffled Reactor, Rencana Anggaran Biaya, Kabupaten Situbondo, Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iya
Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR): pengelolaan air limbah komunal pada pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah di Situbondo
Get PDFBackground: Water is a crucial element for life, both for internal body processes and daily activities. However, the nature of water as a primary resource makes its use less appropriate. This condition has an impact on the decline in water quality in several aspects. This happened at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School in Sukorejo, Situbondo. This boarding school experienced an increase in students and resulted in an increase in black water and gray water domestic waste. Methods: Researchers are trying to find solutions based on research with the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. This research aims to produce waste water sanitation. Sanitary planning research uses two data sources, namely primary and secondary. Findings: The result of this research is knowing the existence of two types of waste discharge, namely domestic waste and non-domestic waste at the boarding school. Conclusion: Another result, namely the use of ABR-based treatment plants has advantages. This advantage focuses on the aspect of land area, construction, operation, maintenance and cost efficient wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, researchers have found an ABR water treatment plant design model with the dimensions of each compartment in the form of length x width x height
Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR): pengelolaan air limbah komunal pada pesantren Salafiyah Syafi’iyah di Situbondo
Get PDFBackground: Water is a crucial element for life, both for internal body processes and daily activities. However, the nature of water as a primary resource makes its use less appropriate. This condition has an impact on the decline in water quality in several aspects. This happened at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School in Sukorejo, Situbondo. This boarding school experienced an increase in students and resulted in an increase in black water and gray water domestic waste. Methods: Researchers are trying to find solutions based on research with the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. This research aims to produce waste water sanitation. Sanitary planning research uses two data sources, namely primary and secondary. Findings: The result of this research is knowing the existence of two types of waste discharge, namely domestic waste and non-domestic waste at the boarding school. Conclusion: Another result, namely the use of ABR-based treatment plants has advantages. This advantage focuses on the aspect of land area, construction, operation, maintenance and cost efficient wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, researchers have found an ABR water treatment plant design model with the dimensions of each compartment in the form of length x width x height
Situbondo communal waste management study: Application of the anaerobic baffled reactor method at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic boarding school
Get PDFBackground: This study examines the planning of a communal wastewater treatment plant (IPAL) at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School, Situbondo Regency, using the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. Methods: This study uses the ABR method supported by literature studies as the basis for the preparation of the writing. The study also involved observation and field observation. Findings: (1) the domestic wastewater discharge generated by 4.410 people or 74 rooms is 364.408 m³/day, while the non-domestic wastewater discharge is 0.20 m³/day, bringing the total wastewater discharge to 364.608 m³/day. (2) The ABR method was chosen because it has several advantages, such as relatively small land requirements, ease of construction, operation and maintenance, no need for electrical energy, and more efficient costs. (3) The dimensions of each ABR compartment were designed to be 11.4 m long, 2.3 m wide, and 2.6 m high, which ensures even distribution of wastewater and effective treatment. Conclusion: The three research results led to the author's understanding that the ABR method is a suitable and efficient solution for wastewater treatment at Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School. For further planning, it is recommended to conduct detailed calculations regarding the Wastewater Management System (WMS) and consider the use of alternative methods such as Constructed Wetland or Anaerobic Filter Reactor, especially considering the area of the pesantren which is surrounded by rice fields. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers an innovative solution for wastewater treatment in Islamic boarding school environments by applying the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. This study not only designs an efficient and cost-effective system but also considers the specific context of Islamic boarding schools, paving the way for applying environmentally friendly technologies in Islamic educational institutions.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Situbondo communal waste management study: Application of the anaerobic baffled reactor method at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic boarding school
No full textBackground: This study examines the planning of a communal wastewater treatment plant (IPAL) at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School, Situbondo Regency, using the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. Methods: This study uses the ABR method supported by literature studies as the basis for the preparation of the writing. The study also involved observation and field observation. Findings: (1) the domestic wastewater discharge generated by 4.410 people or 74 rooms is 364.408 m³/day, while the non-domestic wastewater discharge is 0.20 m³/day, bringing the total wastewater discharge to 364.608 m³/day. (2) The ABR method was chosen because it has several advantages, such as relatively small land requirements, ease of construction, operation and maintenance, no need for electrical energy, and more efficient costs. (3) The dimensions of each ABR compartment were designed to be 11.4 m long, 2.3 m wide, and 2.6 m high, which ensures even distribution of wastewater and effective treatment. Conclusion: The three research results led to the author's understanding that the ABR method is a suitable and efficient solution for wastewater treatment at Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School. For further planning, it is recommended to conduct detailed calculations regarding the Wastewater Management System (WMS) and consider the use of alternative methods such as Constructed Wetland or Anaerobic Filter Reactor, especially considering the area of the pesantren which is surrounded by rice fields. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers an innovative solution for wastewater treatment in Islamic boarding school environments by applying the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) method. This study not only designs an efficient and cost-effective system but also considers the specific context of Islamic boarding schools, paving the way for applying environmentally friendly technologies in Islamic educational institutions.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
