1,720,958 research outputs found
DINAMIKA PERKEBUNAN TEMBAKAU DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG TAHUN 1999 - 2019
Full text linkRidwan Akmal Setiawan, “Dinamika Perkebunan Tembakau di Kabupaten Temanggung Tahun 1999 – 2019”, Skripsi, Jakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dinamika yang berlangsung pada perkebunan tembakau di Kabupaten Temanggung dalam periode 1999 – 2019, faktor – faktor yang melatarbelakanginya, serta dampaknya bagi masyarakat Temanggung. Tahun 1999 dipilih sebagai batas awal penelitian karena pada tahun tersebut pemerintah mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 81 Tahun 1999 tentang Pengamanan Rokok Bagi Kesehatan, peraturan pertama yang dikeluarkan terkait dengan pengendalian tembakau. Sementara 2019 dipilih sebagai batas akhir karena pada tahun tersebut pemerintah tidak menaikkan cukai tembakau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis dengan pendekatan deskriptif – naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan tembakau di Kabupaten Temanggung dalam periode 1999 – 2019 mengalami berbagai dinamika. Sampai di Nusantara pada abad ke-16, tembakau mulai dibudidayakan utamanya pada masa tanam paksa, dan Temanggung saat itu merupakan bagian dari Karesidenan Kedu, lokasi yang sangat baik dan menjadi pusat perkebunan tembakau di Jawa. Proses budi daya tembakau meliputi pembenihan, penanaman, perawatan ladang, pemanenan, dan pengolahan pasca panen. Walaupun terkenal dengan kualitasnya yang sangat baik, tembakau Temanggung mengalami berbagai dinamika seperti jumlah produksi yang fluktuatif dan harga jual yang tidak menentu. Dinamika tersebut ditunjukkan melalui jumlah produksi seperti pasca krisis ekonomi 1998 yang menunjukkan tren peningkatan hingga mencapai puncak pada tahun 2001, kemudian jatuh utamanya karena gagal panen seperti pada tahun 2005, berangsur meningkat pada tahun – tahun berikutnya dan jatuh lagi pada tahun 2016, namun setelahnya menunjukkan hasil yang cenderung meningkat hingga tahun 2019. Faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan dinamika tersebut adalah cuaca yang mempengaruhi hasil panen, kebijakan pemerintah melalui peraturan perundang – undangan dan tarif cukai, maraknya tembakau impor, pemalsuan tembakau Temanggung, tata niaga yang belum menguntungkan petani, dan jebakan utang. Tembakau sendiri sejauh ini memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat Kabupaten Temanggung, utamanya kala hasil panen baik dan harga jual tinggi. Meski menghadapi berbagai dinamika, tembakau tetap memiliki arti penting dan menjadi komoditas utama bagi Kabupaten Temanggung.
Ridwan Akmal Setiawan, “Dynamic of Tobacco Cultivation in Temanggung Regency in 1999 – 2019”, Undergraduate Thesis, Jakarta: History Education Study Program, Faculty of Social Science, Jakarta State University, 2023. This study aims to find out how dynamic of tobacco cultivation in Temanggung Regency in 1999 – 2019 is going on, the factors berhind it, and the impact for Temanggung’s resident. 1999 is chosen as a beginning point because at that year government release Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 81 Tahun 1999 about Pengamanan Rokok Bagi Kesehatan, the first regulation about tobacco control. Meanwhile 2019 is chosen as an end point because at that year government did not increase the tobacco customs tarifs. This research uses historical method with a descriptive – narrative approach. The result shows that tobacco cultivation in Temanggung Regency in 1999 to 2019 experience some dynamic situation. Arrived in Nusantara in 16th century, the tobacco started to be cultivated primarily during forced planting period, and Temanggung by that time is a part of Kedu Residency, a prime place and center of tobacco cultivation in Java. The process of cultivating tobacco consists of hatchery, plantation, taking care the crop, harvest time, and postharvest process. Even though being known has a prime quality, Temanggung’s tobacco experience a lot of dynamic process such as fluctuation in production and uncertainity of selling price. That dynamics shows that after economic crisis in 1998 tobacco’s production grow up until the peak in 2001, then fell off primarily by crop failure like in 2005, slowly grow up again in next year but a little bit fell off in 2016 but after that gradually grow up until 2019. The factors that bring that dynamics are weather that determines tobacco yields, government policy and customs tariff, flooded by imported tobacco, forgery of Temanggung’s tobacco, commerce system that not profitable enough to farmers, and debt trap. Until now tobacco has gave positive impact on economy and social for Temanggung’s resident, primarily when the yields is good as well as tobacco’s selling price. Even though facing some dynamic situation, tobacco still has an important place and being the main commodity of Temanggung Regency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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