1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Etude des neutrophiles, des « neutrophil extracellular traps » et de la protéine C1q du complément dans les réponses inflammatoires : conséquences physiopathologiques dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde et un modèle expérimental
No full textRheumatoid artthritis (RA) is the most frequent rheumatic disease. This auto-immune disease causes pain and joint destruction. RA has been characterized by adaptative immunity involvement and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) production. Involvement of innate immunity is less investigated. Complement system, part of innate immunity, is activated in RA. C1q activates classical complement pathway by binding its ligands. C1q is found in joint of RA patients. On the other hand Toll-like-receptor (TLR), innate receptors could play a role in RA upon recognition of pathogen-derived DNA (TLR9). Cell surface expression of TLR9 has been reported as potentially pathological, and we describe that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) express a cell surface TLR9 wich could recognize damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Finally, neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) wich are expelled chromatin fiber and represent a physiological response to bacteria, have been reported as pathological in certain circumstances. We investigated the role of those three innate actors in RA. We have shown that C1q is mandatory to develop experimental arthritis and expression of their receptors on RA patient PMN and monocytes is correlated with disease activity and inflammation. We have also shown that NET are immunogenic and this immunogenicity is partly modulated and mediated by C1q. NET might trigger ACPA production in RA. Finally, it seems that involvement of TLR9 is less important in RA. With those experiments we have shown that the involvement of innate immunity in RA is more important than that has been reported so far.La polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie auto-immune inflammatoire. La PR touche les articulations jusqu'à les détruire. Elle est caractérisée par la présence d’anticorps anti protéines citrullinées (ACPA) mais l’auto-antigène n’est toujours pas connu. Dans cette maladie, l’implication de l’immunité adaptative ne fait donc aucun doute mais le rôle de l’immunité innée reste encore flou. Le système du complément joue un rôle important dans l’immunité innée tout comme les récepteurs de type Toll (TLR) qui sont des récepteurs de celle-ci. C1q, par la reconnaissance des ses ligands, active une des voies du complément, la voie classique. Chez les patients atteints de PR, le complément est activé et un dépôt de C1q est retrouvé dans l’articulation. Le TLR9 reconnaît des ADN dérivés de bactéries ou de virus mais une expression à la surface des cellules pourrait conduire à la reconnaissance d’autres motifs comme les signaux de danger (DAMP). D’ailleurs, nous avons montré récemment qu’il existait un TLR9 exprimé à la surface des polynucléaires neutrophiles (PNN). Enfin, il a été mis en évidence récemment un nouveau mécanisme bactéricide effectué par les PNN : la formation de NET (neutrophil extracellular traps). Mais en dehors de leur rôle bactéricide, les NET ont été montrés comme pathogènes dans certaines maladies comme le lupus. Dans ce travail de thèse, je me suis intéressé à l’implication de ces acteurs, NET, C1q et TLR9 dans la PR. Nous avons montré que C1q est indispensable au développement de l’arthrite dans un modèle animal. De plus, l’expression des récepteurs au C1q par les PNN et les monocytes est corrélée à l’activité de la maladie et à l’inflammation. Nous avons montré que les NET représentent une cible pour les ACPA (ce qui en fait des auto-antigènes potentiels dans la PR) et que ces NET sont immunogènes. L’immunogénicité des NET est modulée par C1q. Enfin, il semblerait que le TLR9 ait moins d’importance dans l’arthrite. Par ce travail, nous avons montré l’importance du rôle joué par l’immunité innée dans la PR et ses modèles
Study of neutrophils, neutrophil cellular traps, and the complement protein C1q in inflammatory responses : physiopathological consequences in rheumatoid arthritis and an experimental model
No full textLa polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie auto-immune inflammatoire. La PR touche les articulations jusqu'à les détruire. Elle est caractérisée par la présence d’anticorps anti protéines citrullinées (ACPA) mais l’auto-antigène n’est toujours pas connu. Dans cette maladie, l’implication de l’immunité adaptative ne fait donc aucun doute mais le rôle de l’immunité innée reste encore flou. Le système du complément joue un rôle important dans l’immunité innée tout comme les récepteurs de type Toll (TLR) qui sont des récepteurs de celle-ci. C1q, par la reconnaissance des ses ligands, active une des voies du complément, la voie classique. Chez les patients atteints de PR, le complément est activé et un dépôt de C1q est retrouvé dans l’articulation. Le TLR9 reconnaît des ADN dérivés de bactéries ou de virus mais une expression à la surface des cellules pourrait conduire à la reconnaissance d’autres motifs comme les signaux de danger (DAMP). D’ailleurs, nous avons montré récemment qu’il existait un TLR9 exprimé à la surface des polynucléaires neutrophiles (PNN). Enfin, il a été mis en évidence récemment un nouveau mécanisme bactéricide effectué par les PNN : la formation de NET (neutrophil extracellular traps). Mais en dehors de leur rôle bactéricide, les NET ont été montrés comme pathogènes dans certaines maladies comme le lupus. Dans ce travail de thèse, je me suis intéressé à l’implication de ces acteurs, NET, C1q et TLR9 dans la PR. Nous avons montré que C1q est indispensable au développement de l’arthrite dans un modèle animal. De plus, l’expression des récepteurs au C1q par les PNN et les monocytes est corrélée à l’activité de la maladie et à l’inflammation. Nous avons montré que les NET représentent une cible pour les ACPA (ce qui en fait des auto-antigènes potentiels dans la PR) et que ces NET sont immunogènes. L’immunogénicité des NET est modulée par C1q. Enfin, il semblerait que le TLR9 ait moins d’importance dans l’arthrite. Par ce travail, nous avons montré l’importance du rôle joué par l’immunité innée dans la PR et ses modèles.Rheumatoid artthritis (RA) is the most frequent rheumatic disease. This auto-immune disease causes pain and joint destruction. RA has been characterized by adaptative immunity involvement and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) production. Involvement of innate immunity is less investigated. Complement system, part of innate immunity, is activated in RA. C1q activates classical complement pathway by binding its ligands. C1q is found in joint of RA patients. On the other hand Toll-like-receptor (TLR), innate receptors could play a role in RA upon recognition of pathogen-derived DNA (TLR9). Cell surface expression of TLR9 has been reported as potentially pathological, and we describe that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) express a cell surface TLR9 wich could recognize damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Finally, neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) wich are expelled chromatin fiber and represent a physiological response to bacteria, have been reported as pathological in certain circumstances. We investigated the role of those three innate actors in RA. We have shown that C1q is mandatory to develop experimental arthritis and expression of their receptors on RA patient PMN and monocytes is correlated with disease activity and inflammation. We have also shown that NET are immunogenic and this immunogenicity is partly modulated and mediated by C1q. NET might trigger ACPA production in RA. Finally, it seems that involvement of TLR9 is less important in RA. With those experiments we have shown that the involvement of innate immunity in RA is more important than that has been reported so far
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
