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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficience de la recherche dans les écoles de gestion au Canada : modélisation par des approches paramétriques et non-paramétriques
No full textLa production des connaissances revêt une grande valeur pour les gouvernements, les universités et les chercheurs. Pour ces derniers, aujourd’hui plus que jamais, la recherche prend de plus en plus d’importance dans leurs portefeuilles d’activités. Plusieurs facteurs motivent cette nouvelle tendance, notamment l’adoption, dans plusieurs pays, de systèmes de financement de la recherche axée sur la productivité, la concurrence en matière de recherche qui est devenue mondiale, la prolifération des outils uniformisés de mesure de l’excellence scientifique, et l’importance de la performance et de la productivité en recherche dans la réussite de la trajectoire de carrière des chercheurs. Cependant, la performance des chercheurs universitaires est très variable, tant entre les disciplines qu’au sein d’une même discipline. Ces constats renforcent la pertinence de questionner l’allocation et la gestion des ressources dans le domaine de la recherche universitaire. La présente étude s’attaque à cette problématique dans le cadre spécifique de la recherche dans les Écoles de gestion au Canada. Son objectif général est, d’une part, de dresser un portrait détaillé de l’avancement des connaissances sur le concept de l’efficience de la recherche académique et d’identifier les principaux jalons qui ont marqué son évolution au cours des deux dernières décennies et, d’autre part, d’évaluer l’efficience en matière de publications et de citations des chercheurs dans les Écoles de gestion au Canada et d’identifier les déterminants susceptibles d’expliquer les écarts d’efficience entre eux. La thèse est structurée en trois articles. Le premier article a préconisé la méthode de la revue systématique de la littérature et celle du « vote counting » pour édifier un cadre conceptuel intégrateur des intrants, des extrants et des déterminants de l’efficience de la recherche académique. Il a également permis d’identifier plusieurs opportunités de recherche pour contribuer à l’avancement des connaissances dans ce champ d’étude. Le deuxième article a utilisé une nouvelle méthode, « The Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy » pour étudier en profondeur le concept de l’efficience de la recherche académique en identifiant ses racines historiques ainsi que les contributions qui ont conditionné son évolution. Ces deux premiers articles ont permis de satisfaire à la première partie de l’objectif général de cette recherche : « dresser un portrait détaillé de l’avancement des connaissances sur le concept de l’efficience de la recherche académique et d’identifier les principaux jalons qui ont marqué son évolution au cours des deux dernières décennies ». Tirant profit des constats et des contributions potentielles à l’avancement des connaissances identifiés dans les deux premiers articles, le troisième article de la thèse a estimé des frontières paramétriques et nonparamétriques de l’efficience en matière de publications et de citations des chercheurs dans huit disciplines de recherche dans les Écoles de gestion au Canada. Il a également identifié plusieurs déterminants des écarts d’efficience entre les chercheurs affiliés à ces Écoles. Entre autres, les résultats de ce troisième article ont montré que les niveaux d’efficience diffèrent d’une manière significative d’un champ disciplinaire à un autre, et au sein même des champs disciplinaires, et que l'accréditation AACSB, l'affiliation à des universités prestigieuses, la taille de l'institution, les sources de financement et la séniorité sont positivement associées à des niveaux d’efficience élevés. Les résultats des trois articles ont permis de suggérer quelques pistes de réflexion et d’intervention pouvant améliorer l’efficience de la recherche académique des chercheurs en général, et de ceux affiliés aux Écoles de gestion au Canada, en particulier.The production of knowledge is of great importance to governments, universities and researchers. For the latter, today more than ever, research is becoming more and more important in their portfolios of activities. A number of factors are driving this new trend, including the introduction of productivity-driven research funding systems in a number of countries, global competition for research, the proliferation of standardized tools for assessing scientific excellence, and the importance of research performance and productivity in researchers’ career path success. However, the performance of university researchers varies greatly between disciplines and within the same discipline. These findings reinforce the relevance of questioning the allocation and management of resources in the field of university research. This study addresses this issue in the specific context of research in Canadian Business Schools. Its aims, on the one hand, to draw a detailed portrait of the advancement of knowledge on the concept of the efficiency of academic research and to identify the main milestones that have marked its evolution over the last two decades and, on the other hand, to evaluate the efficiency of academic research of Canadian Business Schools’ scholars and to identify the determinants that may explain the differences in efficiency between them. The thesis allowed the production of three articles. The first one used the systematic review of the literature and the method of vote counting to build an integrative conceptual framework of inputs, outputs, and determinants of the efficiency of academic research. It has also identified several research opportunities to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in this field of study. The second article used a new method, The Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy, to study in depth the concept of the efficiency of academic research by identifying its historical roots as well as the contributions that marked its evolution. These first two articles made it possible to satisfy the first part of the general objective of this research: “to draw a detailed portrait of the advancement of knowledge on the concept of the efficiency of academic research and to identify the main milestones that have marked its evolution over the last two decades”. Taking advantage of the findings and potential contributions to the advancement of knowledge identified in the first two articles, the third article estimated parametric and non-parametric frontiers of efficiency of scholars’ publications and citations in eight research disciplines in Canadian Business schools. It also allowed to identify several levers of efficiency gaps among researchers affiliated with these schools. Among other things, the results of this third article showed that efficiency scores differ significantly from one disciplinary field to another, and even within disciplinary fields, and that AACSB accreditation, affiliation to prestigious universities, size of institution, sources of funding and seniority are positively associated with high levels of efficiency. The findings of the three articles devised some lines of action that might improve the efficiency of academic research for researchers in general and those affiliated with Canadian Business schools, in particular
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Innovate or perish : success factors and sources of failures
No full textThis article has three objectives: 1) identify the determinants of success that may affect new product development projects (NPD); (2) illustrate the impact of the types of risk on the success rate of NPD projects; and 3) make suggestions to better understand the issues and challenges faced by firms when they engage in projects of NPD. Its major contribution to the advancement of knowledge is twofold. Firstly, it incorporates the contributions of the three main trends of literature dedicated to the management of NPD: 1) research that is interested in the determinants of performance in the context of NPD projects management; 2) that which is related to the identification of the success and failure factors of the NPD projects; and 3) that which deals with the identification and management of risk in NPD projects. Secondly, this article considers, as its unit of analysis, SMEs that are rarely empirically studied in the literature on innovation management.
The results of this study are based on a survey by questionnaire of 158 innovative manufacturing firms in the region of Quebec and Chaudière-Appalaches (Canada). They are based on the estimation of a model of binary logistic regression linking the propensity of SMEs to NPD failure, and several explanatory variables derived from these three streams of literature. The results of the estimation of this model showed that the propensity of SMEs to fail in their projects of NPD grows with the increase of the importance attached by firms to success factors related to human resources, to the match between clients and products, to the framework of the NPD project, and to organizational climate and support. However, this probability decreases with the increase of the importance attached by firms to success factors related to the escalation of commitment of the project leader and his team, to the risks related to the NPD projects including those related to the underestimation of resources and communication within the project team, to the degree of novelty of the products developed by the firm, to the percentage of sales made to the three major clients, and to its size
Gestion de projet de développement de nouveaux produits : étude empirique des facteurs de risque et de succès des entreprises innovantes de la région de Québec et Chaudière-Appalaches
Get PDFCe mémoire analyse de façon empirique les facteurs de risque et de succès reliés aux
projets de développement de nouveaux produits (DNP) des entreprises inllovantes de la
région de Québec et de Chaudière-Appalaches. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une enquète par
questionllaire a été menée auprès des entreprises manuiàcturières innovantes en produits
dans ces deux régions du Québec.
L' analyse des facteurs de succès des projets de DNP a montré que ceux relatifs aux
ressources humaines, au cadrage du projet et au climat et soutien organisationnels se sont
avérés les plus déterminants pour le succès des projets de DNP des entreprises.
Les résultats des analyses, qui ont pOlté sur l'impact des différents types de risque sur
les projets de DNP des entreprises, ont montré que ceux qui ont eu, relativement, le plus
d'impact sur ces projets sont les risques reliés à la sous-estimation des ressources
nécessaires à la réalisation des projets de DNP, les risques reliés à l'acceptation des clients
et à la cOlllmercialisation, et les risques reliés aux aspects organisationnels et managériaux.
La dernière analyse effectuée visait à expliquer, au moyen d'un modèle de régression
logistique, la propension des entreprises à accuser des échecs dans les projets de DNP
qu'elles entreprennent. Les résultats de l'estimation de ce modèle ont lllontré que la
probabilité qu 'une entreplise n'accuse aucun échec et n'abandonne aucun projet de DNP
avant terme croit avec l'accroissement de l'importance accordée par les entreprises aux
facteurs de succès relatifs aux ressources humaines, à l'adéquation clients et produits, au
cadrage du projet de DNP, et au climat et soutien organisationnels. En revanche, cette
probabilité décroît avec l'accroissement de : l' impoltance accordée par les entreprises aux
iàcteurs de succès relatifs à l'escalade de l'engagement du chef du projet et de son équipe,
des risques reliés aux projets de DNP, du degré de nouveauté du produit développé par
l'entreprise, du pourcentage de ses ventes réalisées auprès des principaux clients, et de sa
taille.
Ces dit1ërents résultats ont été utilisés pour dégager des implications en vue d'améliorer
la gestion des projets de DNP dans les entreprises en général, et les P:ME en particulier
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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