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Exemplary Europeans. Romain Rolland and Stefan Zweig
No full textThe friendship between Romain Rolland (1866-1944) and Stefan Zweig (1881-1942) offers a prime example of intellectual encounter in interwar Europe. The two writers maintained intensive contact between the World Wars and exchanged ideas on the future of Europe and the role of literature in the revitalisation of European values. A particularly interesting aspect of their dialogue is the discussion of literary and biographical methods of writing Europe. A close look at the personal and literary relations of Rolland and Zweig will illustrate that cross-border encounters played a crucial role in the development of new intellectual approaches to the recovery of Europe after the First World War
Unifying S\o rensen-M\o lmer gate and Milburn gate with an optomechanical example
Full text linkS\o rensen-M\o lmer gate and Milburn gate are two geometric phase gates,
generating nonlinear self-interaction of a target mode via its interaction with
an auxiliary mechanical mode, in the continuous and pulsed interaction regime,
respectively. In this paper, we aim at unifying the two gates by demonstrating
that S\o rensen-M\o lmer gate is the continuous limit of Milburn gate,
emphasising the geometrical interpretation in the mechanical phase space. We
explicitly consider imperfect gate parameters, focusing on relative errors in
time for S\o rensen-M\o lmer gate and in phase angle increment for Milburn
gate. We find that, although the purities of the final states increase for the
two gates upon reducing the interaction strength together with traversing the
mechanical phase space multiple times, the fidelities behave differently. We
point out that, the difference exists because the interaction strength depends
on the relative error when taking the continuous limit from the pulsed regime,
thereby unifying the mathematical framework of the two gates. We demonstrate
this unification in the example of an optomechanical system, where mechanical
dissipation is also considered. We highlight that, the unified framework
facilitates the new method of deriving the dynamics of the continuous
interaction regime without solving differential equations.Comment: 13 pages including Appendix, 8 figures, accepted by Physical Review
Introduction: European Encounters. Intellectual Exchange and the Rethinking of Europe (1914-1945)
No full textThis introductory chapter explores the concepts of intellectual 'encounter' and 'exchange' that are central in this volume. It addresses theoretical and methodological issues related to historical research on the interwar period as an age of intense cultural exchange among writers, artists and academics who are directly or indirectly engaged with the reevaluation of the concept 'Europe'. The transnational perspective is offered as a tool for analyzing cross-border encounters within a European context. Europe is presented here as both an idea and a zone of intellectual exchange. More specifically, the concepts of European 'spaces' and 'Europeanization' are used to study the relevance of encounters and exchange for the rethinking of Europe
Writing Artists’ Lives Across Nations and Cultures: Biography, Biofiction and Transnationality
Full text linkAs an introduction to the volume, this chapter explores recent developments relating to the study and practice of biography across nations and cultures, discussing key issues in the humanities that have significant implications for writing the lives of writers, musicians and visual artists. These include the resurgence in scholarly interest in artists’ biographies; the rise of biofiction and the ways in which this mode of writing is distinguished from biography; the death and return of the Author; and the prominence that transnationality has assumed in studies of life writing, challenging the traditional framework of the nation-state. It also outlines the aims and scope of the volume, and concludes with a one-paragraph summary of each of its chapters in turn
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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