25 research outputs found
Utility of preoperative brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I in predicting perioperative major adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery
No full textBackground: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) are frequently encountered in patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries. This study evaluated the utility of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) to predict MACE in elderly patients (aged ≥60 years) undergoing noncardiac surgeries. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care center in India between November 2016 and August 2018. A total of 136 consecutive patients (aged ≥60 years) presenting for noncardiac surgeries under general/spinal/regional anesthesia in the departments of surgery, orthopedics, or gynecology were included in the study. Patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5 and those receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for renal failure were excluded from the study. Peripheral blood samples for BNP and cTnI were obtained within 24 h preoperatively. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of MACE, defined as the composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest at 6 days postsurgery. Results: The mean age of patients was 69.41 ± 7.56 years. Females comprised 54.1% of the study population. During the perioperative period and follow-up of 6 days, 12 MACE were recorded. Preoperative cTnI levels alone or both cTnI and BNP together (cTnI levels >0.07 ng/mL and BNP levels >40 pg/mL) increased significantly in the patients who experienced MACE (P < 0.05). The area under receiver operating characteristics curve for cTnI and BNP for predicting perioperative cardiac events was 0.817 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.646–0.988; P < 0.001) and 0.520 (95% CI 0.337–0.704; P = 0.817), respectively. Conclusions: In elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries, a preoperative assessment of BNP and cTnI may help in the assessment of MACE
CCDI Toolkit: Diversity & Inclusion Councils
No full textDiversity and inclusion is a core leadership competency in today’s organizations. As an inclusive leader, I understand the need and value of diversity of thought. It is well documented that diversity of thought is vital to an organization’s operational success. However, success will not be achieved by diversity alone. Once you have diverse people in the organization, how do you create an inclusive culture? As leaders, we must look at how we can be inclusive to make sure that the benefits of having a diverse workforce contribute to the business success of our organizations. The Global Diversity and Inclusion Benchmark recommends executive-led diversity councils as a foundational structure for an inclusive organization. We are pleased to present the latest in our toolkit series Diversity and Inclusion Councils: Toolkit, which provides insight to having a properly structured and empowered diversity and inclusion council. In this toolkit, the author Sujay Vardhmane discusses two key pillars needed to create inclusive environments: 1. leaders who are committed to diversity and inclusion, and 2. the structures for successful diversity and inclusion councils. This toolkit defines diversity councils; describes the types; explains the value of diversity and inclusion councils to different areas of the organization and provides guidance on operationalizing diversity councils in your organization. It includes references to tools that will help you measure and report the results that will help your organization move ahead of its competition. The biggest takeaway for you the reader is the checklist for a successful diversity and inclusion council. Overall, this toolkit provides a framework that will help you implement a diversity and inclusion council to produce organizational results from an inclusive culture. We hope you enjoy and find value in this toolkit. We look forward to bringing you more tools and resources as we engage dedicated professionals across Canada to solve our biggest inclusion challenges. Thanks. Michael Bach, CCDP/AP Founder and CEO Canadian Centre for Diversity and Inclusio
Switch-on-to-fault scheme for transmission line protection
No full textSwitch-on-to-fault (SOTF) schemes are used to maintain dependability and speed when closing a transmission line breaker onto a faulted line. This is accomplished by enabling overreaching directional and nondirectional protection elements for a short window of time shortly after the transmission line breaker closes. When line potential transformers (PTs) are used to polarize directional distance relays, there is no benefit to using memory voltage during an SOTF condition and the polarizing signal used is directly related to the amount of fault voltage available. Depending on the magnitude of fault voltage available, the speed of a directional distance element can be quite slow, even for faults away from the PT location. To mitigate this dependability and speed issue, a nondirectional instantaneous overcurrent (50) element is typically used, sometimes with undervoltage (27) supervision to balance security.
This thesis uses a case study to illustrate the speed sacrifices made when a directional distance element, rather than an instantaneous overcurrent element, must trip during an SOTF condition. Results are provided from testing various directional distance elements to determine the minimum voltage required for fast operation of these elements. This information, is used to determine the lowest value to use for undervoltage supervision of the instantaneous overcurrent element to ensure a voltage-supervised 50 element has adequate reach for fast SOTF operation.
The benefits of using a nondirectional distance element for SOTF protection are discussed. This element is significantly easier to set than an undervoltage-supervised instantaneous overcurrent element, which helps to maintain dependability, security, and speed during SOTF conditions. To illustrate, we provide formulas to plot the reach of the 50 and 27 elements in the impedance plane so that we can directly compare to the nondirectional characteristic. A guidance formula on how to set 50 element to maintain dependability under single-contingency conditions is provided. For the 27 element, further setting optimization to maintain security during tapped loads and line charging current scenarios is illustrated. Additional considerations, including the SOTF duration timer window, security concerns for a sensitively set ground overcurrent element, resetting SOTF with healthy line voltage, SOTF benefits during the use of bus PTs, and high-speed reclosing are also discussed.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-08-01The student, Sujay Dasgupta, accepted the attached license on 2020-07-24 at 09:38.The student, Sujay Dasgupta, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-07-24 at 10:21.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-07-24 at 11:12.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15742 on 2020-10-02 at 15:34:11Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-07T22:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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PrivacyAlert: a dataset for image privacy prediction
No full textThis is a dataset for image privacy prediction. Images are from Flickr and annotated as private/public by crowd-sourcing platforms. Private images are ones that contain sensitive information and cannot be shared with everyone on social networking sites. Public images are ones that are safe to be shared with everyone. Our dataset can be used to train machine learning/deep learning models as binary classifiers to predict whether images contain sensitive information.
Please cite:
@inproceedings{zhao2022privacyalert,
title={PrivacyAlert: A Dataset for Image Privacy Prediction},
author={Zhao, Chenye and Mangat, Jasmine and Koujalgi, Sujay and Squicciarini, Anna and Caragea, Cornelia},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media},
volume={16},
pages={1352--1361},
year={2022}
High resolution profiling of EGFR mutations in glioblastoma patients using an ultrasensitive digital PCR approach
No full textGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of adult brain cancer. The average survival time after GBM diagnosis is 14.6 months even with current tri-modality therapy. The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is amplified in 57% of GBM. Mutations in EGFR such as EGFR variant III, A289V, and R108K lead to more aggressive tumors, and diminished survival. We are in dire need of a molecular assay that rapidly profiles these alterations in EGFR since other assays currently available clinically, like Next Generation Sequencing, may take up to 4 weeks due to the batching of samples in current workflows.
Our lab has established a very sensitive and novel digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) assay that detects EGFRvIII in patient tumors within 24 hours of resection. This dPCR assay utilizes RNA extracted from microgram quantities of resected tumor from GBM patients, which is then converted to complementary DNA (cDNA). cDNA is then pre-amplified and subjected to the dPCR assay using specific primers and probes for EGFRvIII and EGFR WT. The assay is multiplexed with an internal reference control, RNaseP. The same starting material can be used to detect the presence or absence of two other mutations, R108K and A289V, with exquisite sensitivity and specificity.
We have utilized this assay and tested the platform on patient derived organoids and patient tumor samples. We have also validated this assay on exosomal RNA extracted from media used for culturing U87 WT and U87 vIII cell lines, as well as patient-derived glioma stem cell lines like NS039 and T4213.
This assay allows for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of EGFRvIII, EGFRWT, R108K, and A289V mutations in patient tumors and patient derived organoids. The workflow for this assay allows results within 24 hours of tumor resection, which facilitates early initiation of novel investigational therapeutic agents. It is possible that molecular characterization of tumor tissue, biofluids, microvesicles, platelets, and cfRNA would help to elucidate genomic variations that occur during disease recurrence. In the future, we plan to test this assay on RNA extracted from various microvesicles and platelets derived from blood to facilitate non-invasive tumor characterization and usefully complement conventional follow-up and imaging methods.This poster was presented at the first annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity while the author was an undergraduate student at Rutgers University-Camden
Ultrasensitive molecular profiling of EGFR mutations in glioblastoma multiforme using a rapid & high-resolution digital PCR approach
No full textGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive adult brain cancer with a 14.6-month average survival time, even with current therapies. 57% of GBM has amplified the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). EGFR variant III, A289V, & R108K are mutations in EGFR that lead to increased tumor aggression and poorer prognosis. Learning more about these mutations will stop gliomas and prevent diminished survival, and shorter life expectancies in these patients. More quantitative methods of detection would allow for elucidation of mutations that occur during cancer development, with emphasis on metastasizing tumors. To inhibit EGFR in certain cancers, it is necessary to identify why increased proliferation occurs, usually because of mutation. After looking at the molecular changes in GBM, current methods of detection will be discussed, and finally, a novel method, digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR), will be introduced. While the detection of EGFR mutations in GBM tumors is arguably the best example for the utilization of dPCR, other applications of this technology will also be explored. Researchers have established very sensitive dPCR assays that detect various EGFR mutations in patient-derived tumors & organoids in only one day after resection surgery. RNA extracted from minute quantities of the patient tumor is converted to cDNA, which is then pre-amplified. Next, cDNA is run through a dPCR assay with a specially designed set of primers & probes for EGFR mutations and wild-type EGFR. In the future, RNA derived from microvesicles & platelets in a patient’s blood can be analyzed to help develop a less invasive characterization of tumors to eventually complement current diagnostic and treatment methods.Winner: First Place, 2021 Paul Robeson Library Undergraduate Research Award
De Novo Pathogenic Variants in CACNA1E Cause Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy with Contractures, Macrocephaly, and Dyskinesias.
No full text(The American Journal of Human Genetics 103, 666–678; November 1, 2018) In the version of this article originally published online, Qinghe Xing's name was misspelled as Qinghe Xin. Also, Azita Sadeghpour, Erica E. Davis, and Nicholas Katsanis (all at Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA) and the Task Force for Neonatal Genomics were omitted from the author list. The members of the Task Force for Neonatal Genomics are as follows: Alexander Allori, Misha Angrist, Patricia Ashley, Margarita Bidegain, Brita Boyd, Eileen Chambers, Heidi Cope, C. Michael Cotten, Theresa Curington, Erica E. Davis, Sarah Ellestad, Kimberley Fisher, Amanda French, William Gallentine, Ronald Goldberg, Kevin Hill, Sujay Kansagra, Nicholas Katsanis, Sara Katsanis, Joanne Kurtzberg, Jeffrey Marcus, Marie McDonald, Mohammed Mikati, Stephen Miller, Amy Murtha, Yezmin Perilla, Carolyn Pizoli, Todd Purves, Sherry Ross, Azita Sadeghpour, Edward Smith, and John Wiener. The authors apologize for these omissions
Assessment of global model simulations of present and future climate
No full textabstract: Climate change has been one of the major issues of global economic and social concerns in the past decade. To quantitatively predict global climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) of the United Nations have organized a multi-national effort to use global atmosphere-ocean models to project anthropogenically induced climate changes in the 21st century. The computer simulations performed with those models and archived by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - Phase 5 (CMIP5) form the most comprehensive quantitative basis for the prediction of global environmental changes on decadal-to-centennial time scales. While the CMIP5 archives have been widely used for policy making, the inherent biases in the models have not been systematically examined. The main objective of this study is to validate the CMIP5 simulations of the 20th century climate with observations to quantify the biases and uncertainties in state-of-the-art climate models. Specifically, this work focuses on three major features in the atmosphere: the jet streams over the North Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and the low level jet (LLJ) stream over central North America which affects the weather in the United States, and the near-surface wind field over North America which is relevant to energy applications. The errors in the model simulations of those features are systematically quantified and the uncertainties in future predictions are assessed for stakeholders to use in climate applications. Additional atmospheric model simulations are performed to determine the sources of the errors in climate models. The results reject a popular idea that the errors in the sea surface temperature due to an inaccurate ocean circulation contributes to the errors in major atmospheric jet streams.Dissertation/ThesisM.S. Mechanical Engineering 201
Indoor localization using thermal sensors
No full textLocating people inside buildings is still an unsolved problem. There is a lotof research going on in this field and many different solutions using differenttechniques have been proposed. However, there is no widely accepted indoorlocalization solution like how GPS is for outdoor localization due to less accuracy, higher hardware requirement, cost etc,. We introduce a system that locatespeople indoors more accurately.Electrical Engineering | Embedded System
Changes in Surface Wind Speed over North America from CMIP5 Model Projections and Implications for Wind Energy
No full textabstract: The centennial trends in the surface wind speed over North America are deduced from global climate model simulations in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project—Phase 5 (CMIP5) archive. Using the 21st century simulations under the RCP 8.5 scenario of greenhouse gas emissions, 5–10 percent increases per century in the 10 m wind speed are found over Central and East-Central United States, the Californian Coast, and the South and East Coasts of the USA in winter. In summer, climate models projected decreases in the wind speed ranging from 5 to 10 percent per century over the same coastal regions. These projected changes in the surface wind speed are moderate and imply that the current estimate of wind power potential for North America based on present-day climatology will not be significantly changed by the greenhouse gas forcing in the coming decades.View the article as published at https://www.hindawi.com/journals/amete/2014/292768
