1,721,056 research outputs found
Artifact and Tool Categorization
Full text linkThis study addresses the issue of artifact kinds from a psychological and cognitive perspective. The primary interest of the investigation lies in understanding how artifacts are categorized and what are the properties people rely on for their identification. According to a classical philosophical definition artifacts form an autonomous class of instances including all and only those objects that do not exist in nature, but are artificial, in the sense that they are made by an artĭfex. This definition suggests that artifacts are classified primarily on the basis of the recognition of their artificial nature. Nevertheless, many psychological and cognitive studies maintain that artifacts are categorized mainly on the basis of the recognition of the function they have been made to accomplish. Since tools are also categorized primarily on the basis of their function, this would imply that artifacts and tools are represented in the same way. In the study participants categorized a set of objects (denoted by words) once as tools and once as artifacts. Results show that reaction times (RTs) are faster in the artifact categorization condition than in the tool categorization condition. This pattern indicates that artifacts and tools are not represented in the same way and that the identification of the members of each class is carried out in the basis of different criteria
Effects of Case Alternation in the Picture-Word Interference Task
No full textIn the picture-word interference (PWI) task a picture is presented along with a superimposed distractor word. Participants are required to name the picture while ignoring the distractor. In two PWI experiments we factorially manipulated the case of the distractor (same vs. AltErnAted) and the frequency of the distractor (high vs. low) (Miozzo & Caramazza, 2003; c.f. Mulatti & Coltheart, 2011). Results show the conditions for the case alternation effect to arise, and are discussed within a framework in which distractor processing and target processing compete for accessing to a resource limited
mechanism
PeressottiOpenPracticesDisclosure – Supplemental material for Spatial Congruency Effects Exist, Just Not for Words: Looking Into Estes, Verges, and Barsalou (2008)
No full textSupplemental material, PeressottiOpenPracticesDisclosure for Spatial Congruency Effects Exist, Just Not for Words: Looking Into Estes, Verges, and Barsalou (2008) by Anna Petrova, Eduardo Navarrete, Caterina Suitner, Simone Sulpizio, Michael Reynolds, Remo Job and Francesca Peressotti in Psychological Science</p
PeressottiSupplementalMaterial – Supplemental material for Spatial Congruency Effects Exist, Just Not for Words: Looking Into Estes, Verges, and Barsalou (2008)
No full textSupplemental material, PeressottiSupplementalMaterial for Spatial Congruency Effects Exist, Just Not for Words: Looking Into Estes, Verges, and Barsalou (2008) by Anna Petrova, Eduardo Navarrete, Caterina Suitner, Simone Sulpizio, Michael Reynolds, Remo Job and Francesca Peressotti in Psychological Science</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
L'enigma del rossore
No full textBlushing is a universal, social and involuntary signal based on self-awareness. It is a puzzling phenomenon, still little understood. This social response indicates personal and interpersonal awareness with a strong communicative power. Elicitors of blushing are exposition of the self or unwanted attention. Blushing is caused by activation of beta-adrenergic receptors that seems to be related with a mediation of sympathetic system. Main theories about blushing underline its important function in everyday life. Links between blush and shame, embarrassment and anxiety are presented. At the present, different measuring instruments of blushing (physiological indexes vs. self-report) are not fully adequate. At last, different interventions are discussed
Il coping diadico, ovvero far fronte allo stress insieme: una rassegna della letteratura.
No full textIl coping diadico è il processo attraverso il quale i partner affrontano gli eventi stressanti come coppia, facendo leva sulla relazione. Il presente contributo intende offrire una rassegna delle evidenze empiriche che hanno portato gli studiosi alla formulazione di tale costrutto, dei principali modelli esistenti di coping diadico, con particolare attenzione alla Teoria sistemico-transazionale di Guy Bodenmann, e dei risultati delle ricerche nazionali ed internazionali condotte finora sul tema. Gli studi mostrano come la capacità dei partner di mettere in atto il coping diadico abbia determinanti di natura individuale, situazionale, relazionale e culturale, e come il coping diadico positivo sia un importante predittore del benessere dei partner e della relazione.Dyadic coping is the process through which partners cope with stressful events together as a couple. The present contribution is aimed to provide a review of the literature that has lead researchers to formulate this construct, of the main existing approaches to the study of dyadic coping, with particular attention to the Systemic-transactional theory of dyadic coping by Guy Bodenmann, and of the main findings of the research conducted on this themes in Italy and abroad. Studies have shown that dyadic coping competences are determined by individual, situational, relational and cultural factors, and that positive dyadic coping is an important predictor of partners’ wellbeing and relationship satisfaction
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
