1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Gender-Based Taxation in Austria
No full textIn dieser Arbeit simuliere ich ein geschlechterbezogenes Steuersystem für Österreich mit dem Steuer-Transfer-Mikrosimulationsmodel ITABENA und dem Arbeitsangebotsmodell ILSA des Instituts für Höhere Studien. Die Absicht hinter dieser Reform ist, Einkommen von Männern zu Frauen umzuverteilen, sodass die Anzahl der Arbeitsstunden für bezahlte Arbeit und unbezahlte Haushaltsarbeit bzw. Kinderbetreuung ausgeglichener zwischen Mann und Frau gewählt werden. Mit ITABENA werden die statischen Effekte der Reform auf die Einkommensverteilung evaluiert. ILSA ist ein diskretes Entscheidungsmodell, mit welchem basierend auf ITABENA und den Daten des EU-SILC 2004-2008 Arbeitsangebotseffekte geschätzt werden. Ausgehend vom österreichischen Steuersystem von 2012 senke ich die Steuersätze der Frauen um 10 Prozentpunkte und erhöhe die Steuersätze der Männer, sodass die Reform im Szenario ohne Arbeitsangebotseffekte budget-neutral ausfällt. In Anbetracht der Arbeitsangebotseffekte verdient jedoch der Staat zusätzlich 16 Mio. Euro an Steuern und 55 Mio. Euro an Sozialversicherungsbeiträgen. Die Haushalte verdienen insgesamt zusätzlich 203 Mio. Euro. Frauen erhöhen ihre Arbeitswochenstunden durchschnittlich um 2,3 Prozent; Männer verringern diese durchschnittlich um 0,3 Prozent. Insgesamt bringt die Reform ein Plus von etwa 17.000 weiblichen und ein Minus von etwa 4.000 männlichen Vollzeitäquivalenten. Im Durchschnitt profitieren die höheren Einkommensdezile, während die unteren Einkommensdezile nach der Reform im Durchschnitt weniger Einkommen beziehen. Zum einen zeigt diese Forschungsarbeit das Arbeitspotenzial von Frauen für den Arbeitsmarkt auf und zum anderen wird eine Möglichkeit dargelegt den komparativen Vorteil für die Haushalts- und Betreuungsarbeit der Männer zu erhöhen.In this paper I simulate a gender-based tax system for Austria using the tax-benefit microsimulation model ITABENA and the labour supply model ILSA by the Institute for Advanced Studies. The idea is to redistribute income from men to women to balance the decision of paid labour and unpaid household work between genders.
ITABENA reveals the static non-behavioural effects on the Austrian income distribution. ILSA is a discrete choice model based on ITABENA and the EU-SILC 2004-2010, which indicates the behavioural effects. I use the Austrian progressive tax schedule of 2012 with its thresholds and decrease the tax rates for women and increase the tax rates for men so that the reform is budget-neutral in the static non-behavioural scenario. After accounting for behavioural adjustments, the state earns 16 m Euro in taxes and 55 m Euro in social security contributions. The households earn a total of 203 m Euro.
Women increase their working hours by an average of 2.3 percent; men decrease their working hours by an average of 0.3 percent. In total, the reform leads to a change in employment by approximately 17,000 female and 4,000 male full time equivalents (FTE). High income deciles gain on average by the reform while low income deciles loose on average. My results, on the one hand, reveal the female labour potential for the labour market. On the other hand, the comparative advantages in the labour market and household production converge between men and women so that the division of labour within the houesehold becomes less gender-based
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The size–growth relationship in the social services sector in Austria
Full text linkThe social services sector is among the fastest-growing industries, but it has gained
little attention in the debate regarding frm growth. This article analyzes frm growth
in relation to frm size using payroll expenses as our indicator for both frm growth
and frm size. We apply structural equation modeling and full maximum likelihood
estimation using Austrian data comprising all non-proft social service providers.
After 2013, fewer frms have been entering and more have been exiting the sector;
however, we fnd that growing in size is still not associated with higher growth rates.
Our study emphasizes the role of small organizations in remaining a growth sector
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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