1,720,972 research outputs found
Adaptation des mappings entre systèmes d'organisation de la connaissance du domaine biomédical
No full textModern biomedical information systems require exchanging and retrieving data between them, due to the overwhelming available data generated in this domain. Knowledge Organization Systems (KOSs) offer means to make the semantics of data explicit which, in turn, facilitates their exploitation and management. The evolution of semantic technologies has led to the development and publication of an ever increasing number of large KOSs for specific sub-domains like genomics, biology, anatomy, diseases, etc. The size of the biomedical field demands the combined use of several KOSs, but it is only possible through the definition of mappings. Mappings interconnect entities of domain-related KOSs via semantic relations. They play a key role as references to enable advanced interoperability tasks between systems, allowing software applications to interpret data annotated with different KOSs. However, to remain useful and reflect the most up-to-date knowledge of the domain, the KOSs evolve and new versions are periodically released. This potentially impacts established mappings demanding methods to ensure, as automatic as possible, their semantic consistency over time. Manual maintenance of mappings stands for an alternative only if a restricted number of mappings are available. Otherwise supporting methods are required for very large and highly dynamic KOSs. To address such problem, this PhD thesis proposes an original approach to adapt mappings based on KOS changes detected in KOS evolution. The proposal consists in interpreting the established correspondences to identify the relevant KOS entities, on which the definition relies on, and based on the evolution of these entities to propose actions suited to modify mappings. Through this investigation, (i) we conduct in-depth experiments to understand the evolution of KOS mappings; we propose automatic methods (ii) to analyze mappings affected by KOS evolution, and (iii) to recognize the evolution of involved concepts in mappings via change patterns; finally (iv) we design techniques relying on heuristics explored by novel algorithms to adapt mappings. This research achieved a complete framework for mapping adaptation, named DyKOSMap, and an implementation of a software prototype. We thoroughly evaluated the proposed methods and the framework with real-world datasets containing several releases of mappings between biomedical KOSs. The obtained results from experimental validations demonstrated the overall effectiveness of the underlying principles in the proposed approach to adapt mappings. The scientific contributions of this thesis enable to largely automatically maintain mappings with a reasonable quality, which improves the support for mapping maintenance and consequently ensures a better interoperability over time.Les systèmes d'information biomédicaux actuels reposent sur l'exploitation de données provenant de sources multiples. Les Systèmes d'Organisation de la Connaissance (SOC) permettent d'expliciter la sémantique de ces données, ce qui facilite leur gestion et leur exploitation. Bénéficiant de l'évolution des technologies du Web sémantique, un nombre toujours croissant de SOCs a été élaboré et publié dans des domaines spécifiques tels que la génomique, la biologie, l'anatomie, les pathologies, etc. Leur utilisation combinée, nécessaire pour couvrir tout le domaine biomédical, repose sur la définition de mises en correspondance entre leurs éléments ou mappings. Les mappings connectent les entités des SOCs liées au même domaine via des relations sémantiques. Ils jouent un rôle majeur pour l'interopérabilité entre systèmes, en permettant aux applications d'interpréter les données annotées avec différents SOCs. Cependant, les SOCs évoluent et de nouvelles versions sont régulièrement publiées de façon à correspondre à des vues du domaine les plus à jour possible. La validité des mappings ayant été préalablement établis peut alors être remis en cause. Des méthodes sont nécessaires pour assurer leur cohérence sémantique au fil du temps. La maintenance manuelle des mappings est une possibilité lorsque le nombre de mappings est restreint. En présence de SOCs volumineux et évoluant très rapidement, des méthodes les plus automatiques possibles sont indispensables. Cette thèse de doctorat propose une approche originale pour adapter les mappings basés sur les changements détectés dans l'évolution de SOCs du domaine biomédical. Notre proposition consiste à comprendre précisément les mappings entre SOCs, à exploiter les types de changements intervenant lorsque les SOCs évoluent, puis à proposer des actions de modification des mappings appropriées. Nos contributions sont multiples : (i) nous avons réalisé un travail expérimental approfondi pour comprendre l'évolution des mappings entre SOCs; nous proposons des méthodes automatiques (ii) pour analyser les mappings affectés par l'évolution de SOCs, et (iii) pour reconnaître l'évolution des concepts impliqués dans les mappings via des patrons de changement; enfin (iv) nous proposons des techniques d'adaptation des mappings à base d'heuristiques. Nous proposons un cadre complet pour l'adaptation des mappings, appelé DyKOSMap, et un prototype logiciel. Nous avons évalué les méthodes proposées et le cadre formel avec des jeux de données réelles contenant plusieurs versions de mappings entre SOCs du domaine biomédical. Les résultats des expérimentations ont démontré l'efficacité des principes sous-jacents à l'approche proposée. La maintenance des mappings, en grande partie automatique, est de bonne qualité
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Transformation of natural language Q&A texts in RDF triples
No full textData generated by the QART framework (Questions and Answers to RDF Triples) in the context of the author's Ph.D. thesis entitled "Enhancing Knowledge Graphs with Large Language Models: Contributions to E-commerce Question Answering Systems".
It is available in the public university respository: https://gitlab.ic.unicamp.br/jreis/qar
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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