1,720,966 research outputs found
Tendon healing in presence of chronic low-level inflammation: A systematic review
No full textTendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal condition affecting subjects regardless of their activity level. Multiple inflammatory molecules found in ex vivo samples of human tendons are related to the initiation or progression of tendinopathy. Their role in tendon healing is the subject of this review. Sources of data: An extensive review of current literature was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library using the term 'tendon', as well as some common terms of tendon conditions such as 'tendon injury OR (tendon damage) OR tendonitis OR tendinopathy OR (chronic tendonitis) OR tendinosis OR (chronic tendinopathy) OR enthesitis' AND 'healing' AND '(inflammation OR immune response)' as either key words or MeSH terms. Areas of agreement: An environment characterized by a low level of chronic inflammation, together with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, may influence the physiological tendon healing response after treatment. Areas of controversy: Most studies on this topic exhibited limited scientific translational value because of their heterogeneity. The evidence associated with preclinical studies is limited. Growing points: The role of inflammation in tendon healing is still unclear, though it seems to affect the overall outcome. A thorough understanding of the biochemical mediators of healing and their pathway of pain could be used to target tendinopathy and possibly guide its management. Areas timely for developing research: We require further studies with improved designs to effectively evaluate the pathogenesis and progression of tendinopathy to identify cellular and molecular targets to improve outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effects of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol on photogenotoxicity induced by 8-methoxypsoralen: the role of oxygen
No full textThe protective effect of beta-carotene (beta-C) and alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T), singularly and in equimolar mixtures, toward the photomutagenicity induced by 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), at different oxygen partial pressure (pO2), was evaluated in two different experimental models: Salmonella typhimurium TA102 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae D7. After phototreatment with 8-MOP, the results show a lethal effect under hypoxic conditions in both experimental model systems, an increase in revertants associated to the pO2 increase in S. typhimurium TA102, and a decrease in revertants and convertants associated to the pO2 increase in S. cerevisiae D7. In S. typhimurium TA102, in atmospheric condition, beta-C and alpha-T (1.86 or 18.6 microM) show a protective effect only at the higher dosage. Alpha-T was more protective than beta-C. The equimolar mixtures show an antimutagenic effect at both dosage used with a synergistic effect at lower dosage and an additive antimutagenic activity at higher dosage. An inhibition of the spontaneous mutagenicity by mixtures at higher dosage was also observed. The results obtained in S. typhimurium TA102 show an antimutagenic effects of beta-C, alpha-T and their mixture at 190 mmHg pO2, confirming the data obtained in air condition. At 380 mmHg pO2, alpha-T and the mixture show a significant antimutagenic activity; at 570 mmHg pO2, only alpha-T is protective. At 760 mmHg pO2, no protective effect was observed by the two antioxidants, and beta-C increases the photomutagenicity induced by 8-MOP. In S. cerevisiae D7 a protective effect was only observed at 380 mmHg pO2 with the mixture. No antigenotoxic effect was found in the other experimental conditions, even if the uptake of the two antioxidants was confirmed by HPLC. Our results underline the role of oxygen in the photomutagenicity induced by 8-MOP and in the antimutagenic activity of beta-C and alpha-T. This is the first report confirming in a cellular experimental model the data obtained in some chemical systems: the protective effect of beta-C only at low pO2 and the synergistic effect of mixture of beta-C and alpha-T
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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