153 research outputs found
A stitch in time: preserving peace on Bougainville
No full textA decade after the successful peacekeeping mission, and a year and a half before the window opens for a referendum on Bougainville’s political status, the peace process is dangerously adrift.In this paper, Peter Jennings and Karl Claxton set out a plan to help deliver a sustainable solution for next steps in the peace process. An Australian-led preventive development effort, conducted in close cooperation with our regional partners, is needed to avoid the future requirement for a larger, costlier, riskier, and more intrusive peacekeeping mission than the limited intervention appropriate in 1997-2003.The new Government’s decision to link aid more directly to our strategic interests could assist. While the initiative would require a significant initial investment, it could create a substantial longer-term cost saving and avoid serious military, diplomatic and reputational risks
[The savage Solomons as they were & are] [cartographic material].
No full textMap of British Solomon Islands Protectorate.; Also available online: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn6094797; Reproduction of a map from: Savage Solomons as they were & are : a record of a head-hunting people gradually emerging from a life of savage cruelty & bloody customs, with a description of their manners & ways & of the beauties & potentialities of the islands London : Seeley, Service & Co.,1929.; National Library of Australia's copy has typed at the top of map " Drawn by the author of "The savage Solomons as they were & are" by (S.G.C. Knibbs F.R.G.S. Commissioner of Lands, British Solomon Islands Protectorate, published in 1929). Continuation inset: [Santa Cruz Islands]. Inset: Lord Howe Atoll
Approach to headaches in children
No full textCITATION: Solomons, R., Schoeman, J. & Van Toorn, R. 2011. Approach to headaches in children. Continuing Medical Education, 29(4):171-174.The original publication is available at http://www.cmej.org.zaHeadache is a common problem in childhood
– up to 25% of schoolchildren suffer from
chronic, recurrent headaches. Although
primary headaches are far more common
than those with a secondary cause, it is the
latter that result in the most anxiety for
families.1 A logical approach to investigating
and managing headaches is needed.http://www.cmej.org.za/index.php/cmej/article/view/2162Publisher's versio
Trading Justice for Peace? Reframing reconciliation in TRC processes in South Africa, Canada and Nordic countries
No full textConflict in its various manifestations continues to be a defining feature in many places throughout the world. In an attempt to address such conflict, various forms of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) have been introduced to facilitate the transition from social conflict to a new dispensation. The introduction and subsequent proceedings of TRCs in South Africa, Canada and Norway are widely regarded as good examples of this approach. Against this background, a number of researchers from VID Specialized University and the University of the Western Cape had an exploratory meeting in Oslo in 2018 where the possibility for a joint research project under the broad theme of ‘discourses on reconciliation’ was first discussed. This led to two further research symposia in Cape Town and Tromsø in 2019. With the inclusion of specialists working on the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation process, these meetings demonstrated common ground and a shared understanding of the issues at stake. Moreover, it pointed to the differences between the South African, Canadian and Norwegian Commissions. In comparing the South African, Canadian and Norwegian experiences, researchers identified that these countries were, in fact, at different stages of their respective truth and reconciliation processes. This has prompted scholars to revisit and problematise these processes in relation to ongoing societal challenges. In all cases, it is quite apparent that reconciliation between individuals and groups remains a significant challenge
Trading Justice for Peace? Reframing reconciliation in TRC processes in South Africa, Canada and Nordic countries
No full textConflict in its various manifestations continues to be a defining feature in many places throughout the world. In an attempt to address such conflict, various forms of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) have been introduced to facilitate the transition from social conflict to a new dispensation. The introduction and subsequent proceedings of TRCs in South Africa, Canada and Norway are widely regarded as good examples of this approach. Against this background, a number of researchers from VID Specialized University and the University of the Western Cape had an exploratory meeting in Oslo in 2018 where the possibility for a joint research project under the broad theme of ‘discourses on reconciliation’ was first discussed. This led to two further research symposia in Cape Town and Tromsø in 2019. With the inclusion of specialists working on the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation process, these meetings demonstrated common ground and a shared understanding of the issues at stake. Moreover, it pointed to the differences between the South African, Canadian and Norwegian Commissions. In comparing the South African, Canadian and Norwegian experiences, researchers identified that these countries were, in fact, at different stages of their respective truth and reconciliation processes. This has prompted scholars to revisit and problematise these processes in relation to ongoing societal challenges. In all cases, it is quite apparent that reconciliation between individuals and groups remains a significant challenge
Costing pioneers: Some links with the past; Retrospective: David Solomons, 1912-1995 In memoriam
No full textWhen the author was working on the history of cost accounting at the beginning of the 1950s, he entered into correspondence with some of the pioneers who were developing the subject at the beginning of this century, or with men who had been personally associated with those pioneers. This paper places on record the more important biographical information that that correspondence gleaned about (in alphabetical order) Alexander Hamilton Church, Harrington Emerson, Emile Garcke and J. M. Fells, G. Charter Harrison, J. Slater Lewis, Sir John Mann and George P. Norton. It also comments briefly on their significance for the development of costing
Improving early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in children
No full textTutu-Furth, A.M. van [Promotor]Schoeman, J.F. [Copromotor
Utility of genetic testing in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) at a tertiary hospital in South Africa: A prospective study
No full textThesis (MMed) -- Stellenbosch University, 2021.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are a heterogeneous group of rare neurodevelopmental disorders, characterised by early-onset seizures that are often intractable, electroencephalographic abnormalities, and developmental delay or regression. Studies have shown that 70% of epilepsy cases have a genetic basis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have led to the identification of several epilepsy-related genes, including those responsible for DEE. The reported diagnostic yield of an NGS-based testing for patients with epilepsy ranges from 10 to 40%, depending on the test and the phenotypes among the studied cohorts. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of NGS-based epilepsy gene panel in children with DEE and to assess the value of the genetic results to the parents and managing physicians. Design: A prospective cohort study of 41 consecutive children diagnosed with DEE (onset before 3 years of age) was recruited over a 2-year period (2019-2021). Pre- and post-test genetic counselling were offered to all study participants. The results were classified into three categories: positive (pathogenic/likely pathogenic), inconclusive (variant of unknown significance), or negative. After the results were obtained, questionnaires were administered to both the physicians and the parents. Result interpretation and careful matching of the variant to the clinical phenotype was carried out with the help of a medical geneticist. Results: We found a positive genetic diagnosis in 20 of 41 (48%) children. Variants in SCN1A (n=5), KANSL1 (n=2), KCNQ2 (n=2) and CDKL5 (n=2) accounted for the greatest number of positive findings. Rarer genetic findings included IQSEC2, KCNMA1, SMC1A and STXBP. All except 1 of the pathogenic variants identified fully explained and matched the respective phenotypic description in the patient at time of diagnosis. Gene-specific treatment changes were initiated in 26% patients following the genetic diagnosis. Both parents and physicians expressed usefulness of genetic testing in patients with DEE. Conclusion: With this study, we show that an NGS gene panel is highly effective in diagnosing South African children with DDE. The study diagnostic yield (48%) is similar to previously reported paediatric cohorts, and the genetic findings proved useful for therapeutic decision making and genetic counseling. Although the diagnostic yield in this study was high, therapeutic consequences and ultimate improvement of the patient's clinical state were still limited."Geen opsomming beskikbaar."Master
Salinity Tolerances of Two Maryland Crayfishes
No full textAuthor Institution: Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons, Marylan
CSF Metabolomics of Tuberculous Meningitis: A Review
No full textFrom the World Health Organization’s global TB report for 2020, it is estimated that in 2019 at least 80,000 children (a particularly vulnerable population) developed tuberculous meningitis (TBM)—an invariably fatal disease if untreated—although this is likely an underestimate. As our latest technologies have evolved—with the unprecedented development of the various “omics” disciplines—a mountain of new data on infectious diseases have been created. However, our knowledge and understanding of infectious diseases are still trying to keep pace. Metabolites offer much biological information, but the insights they permit can be difficult to derive. This review summarizes current metabolomics studies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from TBM cases and collates the metabolic data reported. Collectively, CSF metabolomics studies have identified five classes of metabolites that characterize TBM: amino acids, organic acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and “other”. Taken holistically, the information given in this review serves to promote the mechanistic action of hypothesis generation that will drive and direct future studies on TBM
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