37 research outputs found
Plastid Data Support the Inclusion of the Greater Antillean Genus Atalopteris in Ctenitis (Polypodiales: Dryopteridaceae)
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gen. et sp. nov., a fossil fern in the family Pteridaceae (Polypodiales) from the Cretaceous amber forests of Myanmar
No full textAbstract Divergence time estimates suggest that most clades constituting the fern family Pteridaceae (Polypodiales) were in existence by the Early Cretaceous. However, fossil evidence to corroborate this remains exceedingly rare. Burmese amber is an important source of new information on the radiation of derived fern lineages during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution. This study describes Heinrichsia cheilanthoides gen. et sp. nov., a fern with suggested affinities to Pteridaceae, based on fertile foliage portions preserved in Early Cretaceous (~100 Ma) amber from Myanmar. Heinrichsia cheilanthoides is characterized by a pinnate‐pinnatifid frond that bears apical, marginal sori protected by a pseudoindusium. Sporangia are of the polypod type and contain tetrahedral‐globose, trilete spores with a striate perine. This discovery provides a new calibration point to test and refine molecular clock‐based concepts of the evolutionary history of the Pteridaceae. Heinrichsia cheilanthoides further substantiates the suggestion that the Cretaceous forests of Myanmar were home to a rich fern flora
Plastome phylogenomics and new fossil evidence from Dominican amber shed light on the evolutionary history of the Neotropical fern genus Pecluma
No full textAbstract Premise Molecular studies based on chloroplast markers have questioned the monophyly of the fern genus Pecluma (Polypodioideae, Polypodiaceae), which has several species of Polypodium nested within it. We explored the delimitation of Pecluma and its biogeographic pattern by evaluating the phylogenetic position of four Polypodium species not sequenced thus far and integrating the first fossil evidence of Pecluma . Methods Using herbarium material, we applied a genome‐skimming approach to obtain a phylogenetic hypothesis of Polypodioideae; assessed the combination of character states observed in the fossil from Miocene Dominican amber using a previously published phylogeny of Polypodioideae based on four plastid markers as framework; calculated divergence times; and conducted an ancestral area estimation. Results Within Polypodioideae, Pecluma was recovered as sister to Phlebodium . Three of the newly sequenced species— Polypodium otites , P. pinnatissimum , and P. ursipes —were recovered with maximum support within the Pecluma clade, whereas P. christensenii remained within Polypodium . The closest combination of character states of the fossil was found within Pecluma . Our biogeographic analyses suggest an Eocene origin of the genus in South America, with several subsequent Oligocene and Miocene colonization events to Mexico–Central America and to the West Indies. Conclusions Although the circumscription of Pecluma is still challenging, our results elucidate the origin and age of the genus. The newly described fossil, Pecluma hispaniolae sp. nov., supports the hypothesis that the epiphytic communities of the Greater Antilles exhibit a constant generic composition since the Miocene. We propose new combinations ( Pecluma otites , Pecluma pinnatissima , and Pecluma ursipes ) to accommodate three species previously classified in Polypodium
The first fossil of Lindsaeaceae (Polypodiales) from the Cretaceous amber forest of Myanmar
No full textProfile of female prostitution in the city of Bucaramanga
Full text linkEste artículo presenta un perfil de la prostitución femenina en bares, calles y parques de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, basado en resultados de la investigación desarrollada por la autora con el objetivo de contar con datos claros y precisos del fenómeno en el contexto de la ciudad. El estudio se abordó desde un enfoque mixto de investigación que combinó elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos con un diseño exploratorio y descriptivo de la situación. La indagación arrojó una línea de base sobre el estado de la prostitución en la ciudad, puso en evidencia la ausencia de una política gubernamental orientada a garantizar sus derechos así como un tratamiento que no responde a las causas reales de su existencia, toda vez que la pobreza y ausencia de oportunidades, son en la gran mayoría de los casos su principal promotora.This article presents a profile of female prostitution in bars, streets and parks of
the city of Bucaramanga, based on results of the research undertake by de author
with the aim of having clear and precise information about of the phenomenon in
the context of the city. The study was addressed from a mixed approach of
research combined quantitative and qualitative elements with a descriptive and
exploratory design of the situation. The inquiry threw a baseline on the State of
the situation, put in evidence the absence of a Government policy aimed at
ensuring their rights as well as a treatment that does not respond to the root
causes of its existence, since that poverty and lack of opportunities, are in the vast
majority of cases their main promoter
A fossil species of the enigmatic early polypod fern genus Cystodium (Cystodiaceae) in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar.
Full text linkThe monospecific fern genus Cystodium (Cystodiaceae; Polypodiales) occurs exclusively in the tropical forests of the Malay Archipelago, the Admiralty Islands, the Louisiade Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands. Divergence time estimates suggest that the genus originated in the Mesozoic; however, fossil evidence to validate this suggestion has been lacking. Amber from Myanmar (Burmese amber) is an important source of new information on the diversity of vascular cryptogams in the Cretaceous. This paper describes the fossil taxon Cystodium sorbifolioides nov. sp. based on a fragment of a fertile leaf preserved in Burmese amber that represents the first fossil evidence of the family Cystodiaceae. Cystodium sorbifolioides is used to obtain a minimum age estimate for the Cystodiaceae and the closely related, monogeneric Lonchitidaceae and Lindsaeaceae. The fossil strengthens the hypothesis that the forest ecosystems of Malesia and Melanesia represent refugia for many tropical plant lineages that originated in the Cretaceous
Publisher Correction: A fossil species of the enigmatic early polypod fern genus Cystodium (Cystodiaceae) in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar
No full textA correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.</jats:p
The Identity of Asplenium macilentum Kunze ex Klotzsch
No full textVolume: 101Start Page: 206End Page: 20
