131,067 research outputs found
Comments on Lahiri & Reetz
No full textGibbon D. Comments on Lahiri & Reetz. In: Gussenhoven C, Warner N, eds. Laboratory Phonology 7. Berlin, Boston: DE GRUYTER; 2002: 677-685
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
A search for shorter, more convergent routes to enantiopure naphthopyrans related to the aphid insect pigments
No full textThe naphtho[2,3-c]pyran ring system is generally found amongst natural products as the 5,10- or 6,9-quinones. These compounds display a wide range of biological activities, and as such, have been synthesised by various research groups. The synthetic work described in this thesis is directed towards finding shorter, more convergent routes to enantiopure quinone A 10, quinone A' 11 and quinone-pm 13, three derivatives of the aphid insect pigments protoaphin-fb 6, protoaphin-sl 7 and protoaphin-pm 9, respectively.
The first chapter describes the previous syntheses of some naphtho[2,3-c]pyrans including those relating to the aphid insect pigment derivatives. Also detailed is the ability of these naphthopyranquinones to act as potential bioreductive alkylating and dialkylating agents. The latter part of the chapter records some of the previously achieved assemblies of quinones A 10 and A' 11 in both racemic and enantiopure form, as well as the only synthesis of enantiopure quinone-pm 13.
Chapter 2 involves the preparation of regioselectively halogenated aryldioxolanes starting with the allylation of brominated and chlorinated phenols. The isomerisation of these dioxolanes into the corresponding halogenated 2-benzopyrans is then investigated.
Chapter 3 examines the regioselectivity of the Diels-Alder reaction between protected benzopyranquinones and the substituted diene 1-methoxy-1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-buta-1,3-diene 80. Such protection involves preparing the acetates and methoxymethyl ethers of the benzopyranquinones. The latter part of the chapter describes the direct bromination of benzopyranquinones.
Chapter 4 reports on the stereoselective reaction between metal phenolates and the chiral aldehyde 108 to subsequently afford naphthyldioxolanes 264, 291, 292 and 295. The rearrangement reaction of the derived naphthyldioxolane 295 is then investigated
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
Solubility of hydrogen in single-sized palladium clusters
No full textHydrogen concentration-pressure isotherms of surfactant-stabilized palladium clusters and polymer-embedded palladium clusters with diameters of 2, 3, and 5 nm are measured with the gas sorption method at room temperature. The results show that, compared to bulk palladium, the hydrogen solubility in the a phase of the clusters is enhanced fivefold to tenfold, and the miscibility gap is narrowed. Both results can be explained by assuming that hydrogen occupies the subsurface sites of the palladium clusters. The Pd-H isotherms of all clusters show the existence of hysteresis, even though the formation of misfit dislocations is unfavorable in small clusters. Compared to surfactant-stabilized clusters, the polymer-embedded clusters show slow absorption and desorption kinetics. The absorption kinetics can be described by a diffusion model for the composite polymer-cluster system
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
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