1,721,053 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Artificial Empathy – An Artificial Intelligence Challenge
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) allows machines to analyse and solve problems utilizing heuristic, stochastic, fuzzy and other computational paradigms including biological principles (Xu et al., 2019). AI can learn from experiential data to automatically model and solve complex problems that may exceed the capacity of humans. AI-based deep learning algorithms have been found in certain instances to be superior to human clinicians in diagnosis, for example, pathologists in detecting the spread of breast cancer (Ehteshami 322et al., 2017). The current generation of AI systems is widely used in applications that enhance daily human life and those that further sophisticated research. AI and AE researchers could make significant strides in healthcare if AI can generate empathy at appropriate levels to optimize the delivery and effectiveness of healthcare services. Care provision robotics, for instance (as opposed to surgical robots), could ease the current care crisis due to longer life expectancy, the burden of multi-morbidity and shortage of skilled care-provision workforce. But a significant challenge for AI is the possession and deliverance of the human attribute of empathy. In this chapter, we strive to describe the trait of human empathy, analyse the possibility of implementing it using AI, explore the limitations in doing so and briefly discuss the perceivable wide-ranging repercussions of ARTIFICIAL EMPATHY (AE) specifically in the healthcare context while projecting future directions.</p
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Deep Learning for Drawing Insights from Patient Data for Diagnosis and Treatment
No full textThe world is experiencing a technological revolution where people have begun to use digital technology in most facets of their life to make their work easier, for entertainment and education, to monitor their health conditions and for assistive driving using self-driving cars, to name a few. Not only using such technologies make our work easier, but they also capable of collecting data on our activities, actions and conditions. This has led to the enormous growth of both structured and unstructured data in formats such as text, images and video for many domains of our life. This data explosion has challenged the research community into finding appropriate methods and algorithms to extract patterns and insights from this abundance of data.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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