1,721,069 research outputs found
Postfazione. Ambiente, Territorio, Paesaggio
No full textCon questo Seconda Parte si conclude il Volume 15 della Collana IBIMET, che nella sua Prima Parte descrive la Sardegna centro-orientale. Le due parti dell'opera confrontano due Regioni,una di fronte all'altra, separate dal Mar Tirreno: la Sardegna centro-orientale, praticamente intatta, disabitata e inutilizzata; la Campania felix (ora Terra di Lavoro) fortemente modificata, antropizzata, sfruttata.This Second Part concludes the Volume 15 of the series IBIMET, which in its First Part describes the central-eastern Sardinia. The two parts of the work comparing two regions, facing each other, separated from the Tyrrhenian Sea: the central-eastern Sardinia, practically intact, uninhabited and unused; Campania Felix (now Terra di Lavoro, literally Land of Work) heavily modified, anthropized and exploited
La storia del territorio
No full textLA STORIA DEL TERRITORIO
Dopo l’analisi ambientale della zona in esame, sarà l’analisi storica a dare ulteriore
rilevanza all’evoluzione del paesaggio. A tale proposito saranno analizzate le trasformazioni che
ogni singola civiltà ha apportato al territorio e saranno studiati i condizionamenti che ancora
oggi permangono o che hanno influenzato le diverse epoche storiche. Nello specifico le
trasformazioni economiche, i degradi creati nelle diverse epoche storiche, gli eventuali
cambiamenti di uso del suolo e le motivazioni più significative che hanno portato a ciò.
La conferma che la Sardegna è stata abitata fin dall’Età Paleolitica è venuta dagli
scavi, in territorio di Oliena, della grotta Corbeddu. I livelli indagati, che fra l’altro, hanno
restituito un frammento di osso umano, si possono datare tra 13.500 e 12.500 anni da oggi. La
probabile organizzazione delle genti preistoriche della Sardegna centro-orientale e in particolare
di quelle dei territori dei comuni campione, richiama a un forte bisogno di coesione sociale,
queste genti, infatti, hanno dovuto rispondere a un ambiente parcellizzato per natura, un
ambiente che ha diviso e che divide con un’aggregazione per clan, fatta di pochi nuclei familiari.
Numerosi nuraghi e villaggi, e in misura minore, tombe di giganti segnano l’età
dei nuraghi la cui testimonianza appare molto diffusa. Alcuni esempi significativi
testimoniano l’importante diffusione di questa civiltà nei territori studiati, ma anche la
complessità della loro distribuzione, certamente non casuale.
Con l’occupazione romana assistiamo a un processo di integrazione molto rapido
nelle regioni costiere ma quasi inesistente nei territori interni per i quali il processo di
integrazione nella romanità potrebbe slittare al II o addirittura al III secolo d.C. L’area da
noi proposta appare caratterizzata dalla presenza di villaggi e di piccoli centri costieri, ma
con un’urbanizzazione limitata e in alcune aree addirittura inesistente; del resto nelle zone
isolate, interne, era prevalentemente insediata una popolazione locale ostile agli immigrati
italici e che ha lasciato pochissime testimonianze scritte.
Il periodo medioevale vede un territorio con un’ampia presenza di abitati sparsi e
luoghi fortificati a difesa di località ad alto valore strategico. Purtroppo, in seguito a calamità
naturali e politiche, i centri più piccoli subirono un facile dissolvimento e gli abitanti superstiti si
concentrarono nelle città maggiori e nei villaggi risparmiati da queste devastanti vicende.
Nei primi anni del XIV secolo i territori in esame si trovavano sotto la Repubblica
marinara di Pisa, quando l’Infante Alfonso d’Aragona, con le sue truppe, sbarcò in Ogliastra per
conquistare il regno di Sardegna e Corsica. L’arrivo delle armate iberiche fu accolto con favore
da gran parte dei sardi, e in particolare da quelli sottoposti al dominio pisano, tra i quali si era
creata la speranza di ottenere, con il nuovo governo, un miglioramento delle condizioni di vita.
L’unificazione nazionale mise, infine, in evidenza la gravità dei problemi irrisolti che
ancora affliggevano l’Isola: la sicurezza delle campagne, il banditismo, la viabilità interna e le
comunicazioni marittime, l’arretratezza economica e sociale, l’istruzione; tutti problemi che dalla
unificazione ai giorni nostri hanno costituito il fondamento e l’essenza della “Questione Sarda”.HISTORY OF THE TERRITORY
After having analyzed the environment of the examined area, an historic analysis
can give further insight into the evolution of the landscape. In this regard, the
transformations which each single civilization brought to the territory will be analyzed and
the conditions which today still exist or which have influenced the various historic periods
will be studied. More specifically, economic transformations, degradation created in the
different historic periods, possible changes to soil use and the most important motivations
which led to these factors will be considered.
Confirmation that Sardinia has been inhabited since the Paleolithic has come
from excavations in the Corbeddu cave in the area of Oliena. The investigated layers,
which have even yield a human bone fragment, can be dated to 13,500 to 12,500 years ago.
The organization of prehistoric inhabitants of central-eastern Sardinia (in particular in
territories under study) was probably driven by a strong need for social cohesion. In fact,
people had to deal with an environment, parcelled by nature, which tended to divide, and
yet still divides people into clans made up of a few family groups.
Numerous nuraghes and villages, and to a lesser extent, giant tombs are
widespread indicators of the age of nuraghe. Several noteworthy examples bear witness to
the important diffusion of this civilization in the studied territories, as well as to the
complexity of their surely not casual distribution.
With the Roman occupation there was a process of very rapid integration in the
coastal regions, but this process was nearly inexistent in the internal areas until the II or
III century A.D. The area under study appears characterized by villages and small coastal
settlements, but with little or no urbanization; in the internal, isolated areas there were
settlements by the local population, which was generally hostile toward Italic immigrants,
and of which few written accounts remain.
The inhabitants of the territory were, in the Medieval period, sparsely distributed
or located in correspondence to defensive fortifications in strategic areas. Unfortunately,
following natural or political disasters, the smaller settlements were easily destroyed and
the surviving inhabitants moved to larger towns or other unscathed villages.
At the beginning of the 14th century the territory examined in this study was under
the dominion of the Republic of Pisa when l’Infante Alfonso d’Aragona, with his troops,
disembarked in Ogliastra to conquer the kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. The arrival of
Iberian troops was well accepted by the majority of Sardinians, and in particular by those
under Pisan rule as they hoped to obtain, with the new government, an improvement of
their living conditions.
The unification of Italy put in evidence the serious and unresolved problems,
which were still afflicting the island: safety of the countryside, bandits, road network,
maritime communications, economic and social backwardness, education. These problems
make up what has been considered, since the Unification, the essence of the so-called
“Sardinian Question
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Involvement of GABAA and GABAB receptors in the mediation of discriminative stimulus effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
No full textInvestigation on the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol in ethanol-preferring sP and –non preferring sNP rats
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
