1,721,024 research outputs found
Two treatises on the astrolabe by Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad Biruni (973-1048 A.D.)
No full textAbu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad Biruni (973-1048 A.D.) was one of the leading mathematicians and astronomers in the 11th century Islamic tradition. Of the some 120 works he penned, 26 are still extant today, and 24 of these have been published previously. This thesis is thus devoted to the two, as yet unpublished, Arabic texts. In them, Biruni treats applications of the astrolabe, an astronomical instrument used for timekeeping by the sun and stars as well as for other purposes. We provide a critical edition of the Arabic texts of both treatises, a complete English translation of the more complicated of the two, a summary of the other, introductions, and commentaries
Two treatises on the astrolabe by Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad Biruni (973-1048 A.D.)
No full textAbu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad Biruni (973-1048 A.D.) was one of the leading mathematicians and astronomers in the 11th century Islamic tradition. Of the some 120 works he penned, 26 are still extant today, and 24 of these have been published previously. This thesis is thus devoted to the two, as yet unpublished, Arabic texts. In them, Biruni treats applications of the astrolabe, an astronomical instrument used for timekeeping by the sun and stars as well as for other purposes. We provide a critical edition of the Arabic texts of both treatises, a complete English translation of the more complicated of the two, a summary of the other, introductions, and commentaries
Al-Biruni Abu Al-Rayhan Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Khwarizmi (a study of his historical biography and scientific effects)
No full textArab-Islamic history was full of many historians who left clear imprints on the course of that history, and those great men were not only interested in studying history, as they excelled in various sciences and knowledge until they became mobile scientific encyclopedias whose sciences were drawn from their societies during their lives, and humanity drank from them and still is after their death .
Among these greats who had a major role in the course of Arab, Islamic and human history is the famous Arab historian Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Khwarizmi al-Biruni (d. 440 AH / 1048 CE). As the research was divided into an introduction and three topics, the first topic shed light on Al-Biruni in terms of birth, upbringing, life, and the differences that occurred in many stages of his life among historians, while the third topic dealt wit
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Perjanjian Kredit Secara Daring Dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata
No full textPerjanjian kredit secara daring menjadi sebuah fenomena baru yang timbul
seiring dinamika perkembangan jaman dalam masyarakat. Masyarakat yang
cenderung lebih tertarik dengan berbagai kemudahan yang ditawarkan dalam
layanan kredit daring, secara perlahan mulai menggeser minat masyarakat untuk
menggunakan jasa kredit melalui jalur perbankan. Praktiknya, berbagai
kemudahan yang diberikan dalam menggunakan kredit secara daring tidak serta
merta memberikan keuntungan pada pihak debitur. Penetapan suku bunga yang
tidak memiliki acuan jelas seringnya menimbulkan beban bunga dengan jumlah
yang besar kepada debitur. Untuk itu menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian lebih
lanjut mengenai keabsahan perjanjian kredit secara daring dari perspektif
KUHPerdata serta bagaimana perlindungan hukum dan penyelesaian sengketa
yang timbul dalam perjanjian kredit secara daring.
Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan bahan
hukum primer yang terdiri dari undang-undang dan segala peraturan terkait objek
penelitian. Bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tertier berupa buku-buku
hukum, kamus hukum yang relevan dengan topik dalam penelitian ini
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat dipahami bahwa
perjanjian kredit yang dilakukan secara daring pada perspektif KUHPerdata
merupakan perjanjian yang sah sebab telah memenuhi dan tidak bertentangan
dengan unsur-unsur sahnya suatu perjanjian yang ada dalam Pasal 1320
KUHPerdata. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan dalam perjanjian kredit secara
daring pada dasarnya merujuk Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata mengenai perbuatan
melawan hukum. Sanksi administratif turut diterapkan sebagai upaya
perlindungan hukum terhadap setiap fintech yang tidak mendaftarkan diri pada
OJK. Akibat hukum terhadap penerima pinjaman dapat diajukan melalui gugatan
wanprestasi oleh pihak penyelenggara. Kebendaan yang ada pada pihak penerima
pinjaman dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai jaminan berdasarkan Pasal 1331
KUHPerdata dan Pasal 1332 KUHPerdata mengingat dalam pinjaman secara
daring tidak ada diberlakukan jaminan dalam persyaratan pinjaman. Ada baiknya
agar setiap pengguna layanan kredit daring memperhatikan suatu fintech telah
terdaftar pada OJK atau tidak sebelum menggunakan jasa kredit daring. Lembaga
penyelesaian sengketa pada perjanjian kredit secara daring ada baiknya untuk
segera dibentuk secara tersendiri, mengingat penggunaan kredit secara daring
semakin diminati oleh masyarakat banyak
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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