1,720,972 research outputs found
Einleitung der Herausgeber
Full text linkThis book presents the long-awaited critical edition of an unpublished manuscript of 277 pages containing Twardowski’s lecture notes on logic given in German at the University of Vienna. As to length, language and topic, this text is unique among the works of the author, who is renowned for his Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellungen (1894), an influential but short book that has been out of stock for a long time already. In Logik Twardowski’s ideas are exposed in a much more extensive and interestingly revised form. The rest of Twardowski’s production is in Polish, a language inaccessible to many readers
Logica immaginaria
No full textMedico di formazione, dopo alcuni tentativi come poeta, storico e critico letterario, Nikolaj Aleksandrovic Vasil’ev (1880-1940) decide di dedicarsi alla filosofia, in particolare alla logica. Attraverso un’attenta riflessione sui quantificatori e sulla modalità dei giudizi, egli giunge a proporre una “logica del concetto”, in cui non vale il principio del terzo escluso. Di qui, grazie anche alle suggestioni che gli venivano dalla lettura di Lobacevskij, procede a elaborare una “logica immaginaria”, in cui non vale nemmeno il principio di contraddizione – una logica per oggetti incompleti e contraddittori. Ponendo in evidenza le basi ontologiche della logica e introducendo in questa l’uso della finzione, Vasil’ev si fa sostenitore di un pluralismo logico, secondo cui la logica formale contiene elementi che riflettono la nostra comprensione del mondo e dei tipi di oggetti che trattiamo; pertanto, per mondi diversi dal nostro, per “mondi immaginari”, valgono altre logiche. Le sue teorie, considerate di volta in volta anticipatrici delle logiche polivalenti o delle paraconsistenti, delle logiche intensionali o delle teorie dei mondi impossibili, hanno trovato riscontro nella logica contemporanea e ispirato, in alcuni casi, anche nuovi indirizzi di ricerca. Il volume, corredato da tre saggi introduttivi e da una ricca bibliografia, presenta la prima traduzione in una lingua occidentale di tutta la produzione logica e di filosofia della logica di Vasil’ev
The Notion of Contradiction in Hegel's Early Writings
No full textThe Hegelian concept of contradiction has a historical and practical origin. It is related to issues the young Hegel indicates with the names of ‘diremption’ and ‘opposition’. The analysis is conducted on three levels: theoretical, historical, and political-cultural. A central role in the Frankfurt period is played by the concepts of ‘love’ and ‘life,’ by which Hegel seeks to provide a preliminary explanation of the unification of opposites, and begins to develop a kind of dialectical thinking. At the end of this period he begins to use the concept of contradiction not to indicate a contradiction in thought, or in a theory, but rather as a means of expressing certain complex realities
The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in mothers and fathers of school-aged children
Full text link© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Research on parental reflective functioning (PRF)—defined as parents’ capacity to comprehend the developing mind of their child, reflect upon it, and hold in mind the inner life of the child—has mostly involved mothers of infants and young children, and rarely fathers and parents of school-aged children. The present study sought to extend research on PRF by examining aspects of the construct that are still scarcely explored, such as the role of gender and attachment; to investigate whether there were differences between mothers’ and fathers’ PRF and whether there were differences in PRF related to the gender and age of the child; and, finally, to assess the association between PRF and each parent’s attachment style. The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) were administered to a community sample of mothers and fathers of 385 children aged 3–10 years. A multi-group factor analysis supported the hypothesized three-factor model among both fathers and mothers. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance showed that mothers had higher levels of interest and curiosity in their children’s mental states than fathers. Parents of daughters showed higher pre-mentalizing modes than parents of sons. Parents of preschool children showed less nonmentalizing modes than parents of children aged 8–10. Correlations between PRFQ and ASQ showed that both mothers’ and fathers’ interest in thinking about their child’s internal experience and in taking the child’s perspective were correlated with higher levels of secure attachment style. Research implications are discussed.status: Publishe
Guerre e conflitti, etnie e nazioni
Full text linkThe theses exposed by Alexius Meinong in two newspaper articles in 1873 are taken as the paradigm of a feeling that was common to young Austrian intelligentsia. Meinong upholds a conception of life as struggle and of history as a series of struggles among nations. In his view, the defence of the interests of a people is absolute and generates conflicts among nations that will increasingly dominate future scenarios. The concept of nation has an identification function inward and one of dissociation outward. This discourse is contextualised within the framework of the various student corporations of the University of Vienna, where the new ruling class was forming which, despite different political ideas, was united by nationalism. Finally, the paper analyses the opposing views of Eric J. Hobsbawm and Anthony D. Smith on the idea of nation and suggests some similarities between the Habsburg Empire and the European Union
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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