113 research outputs found
Studi pemikiran Raden Haji Muhammad Nuh Cianjur tentang penentuan arah kiblat dalam kitab Risalah al-Qiblah
No full textPerkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi pada saat ini memang sangat memungkinkan untuk menemukan arah kiblat yang lebih akurat. Risalah al-Qiblah karya Raden Haji Muhammad Nuh Cianjur merupakan kitab yang membahas mengenai penentuan arah kiblat yang dilengkapi data nilai arah kiblat terhadap Barat dan Utara untuk 18 Kota di Indonesia dan arah kiblat untuk 278 kota diseluruh dunia (Asia, Afrika, Eropa, dan Australia).
Melihat permasalahan di atas, penulis ingin menganalisis akurasi arah kiblat dalam kitab tersebut dengan teori dan perhitungan yang sama dan modern. Sehingga penulis merumuskan dua masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimana pemikiran Raden Haji Muhammad Nuh dalam penentuan arah kiblat? dan bagaimana tingkat akurasi arah kiblat dalam kitab Risalah al-Qiblah karya Radsen Haji Muhammad Nuh Cianjur?
Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, dengan data primer yaitu Kitab Risalah al-Qiblah dan wawancara dengan peneliti sebelumnya. Sedangkan data skundernya penulis mengambil dari buku-buku dan karya ilmiah yang berhunungan dengan arah kiblat. mengenai analisis data penulis menggunakan metode deskiptif analitik yaitu analisis dengan menggambarkan perhitungan arah kiblat dengan teori yang ada.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah penulis melakukan observasi, ternyata ditemukan hasil arah kiblat dari kitab Risalah al-Qiblah selisih 2˚ dengan teori perhitungan segitiga bola. Artinya arah kiblat dalam kitab Risalah al-Qiblah bisa dikatakan akurat bila memakai teori segitiga bola karena masih dalam konteks Ihtiyatul Kakbah.
ABSTRACT:
The development of science and technology at this time is indeed very possible to find a more accurate Qibla direction. The Risale al-Qiblah by Raden Haji Muhammad Nuh Cianjur is a book that discusses the determination of the Qibla direction which is equipped with data on the Qibla direction values to the West and North for 18 Cities in Indonesia and the Qibla direction for 278 cities around the world (Asia, Africa, Europe and Australia ).
Seeing the problems above, the author wants to analyze the accuracy of the Qibla direction in the book with the same and modern theories and calculations. So the authors formulate two problems in this study, namely how Raden Haji Muhammad Nuh's thoughts in determining the Qibla direction? and what is the level of accuracy of Qibla direction in the book Risale al-Qiblah by Radsen Haji Muhammad Nuh Cianjur?
The method used by the author in this study is a qualitative method, with primary data, namely the Book of Risale al-Qiblah and interviews with previous researchers. While the secondary data the author takes from books and scientific works related to the Qibla direction. regarding data analysis the author uses descriptive analytic method, namely analysis by describing the calculation of Qibla direction with existing theory.
The results showed that after the writer made observations, it was found that the results of the Qibla direction from the Risale al-Qiblah book had a difference of 2˚ with the spherical triangle calculation theory. This means that the Qibla direction in the Risale al-Qiblah book can be said to be accurate when using the spherical triangle theory because it is still in the context of the Ihtiyatul Kaaba
Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis
No full textBilal Aslam,1 Wei Wang,2 Muhammad Imran Arshad,3 Mohsin Khurshid,1,4 Saima Muzammil,1 Muhammad Hidayat Rasool,1 Muhammad Atif Nisar,1 Ruman Farooq Alvi,1 Muhammad Aamir Aslam,2 Muhammad Usman Qamar,1 Muhammad Khalid Farooq Salamat,5 Zulqarnain Baloch6 1Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 2NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China; 3Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 4College of Allied Health Professionals, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 5Neurobiology Division, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; 6College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China Abstract: The advent of multidrug resistance among pathogenic bacteria is imperiling the worth of antibiotics, which have previously transformed medical sciences. The crisis of antimicrobial resistance has been ascribed to the misuse of these agents and due to unavailability of newer drugs attributable to exigent regulatory requirements and reduced financial inducements. Comprehensive efforts are needed to minimize the pace of resistance by studying emergent microorganisms, resistance mechanisms, and antimicrobial agents. Multidisciplinary approaches are required across health care settings as well as environment and agriculture sectors. Progressive alternate approaches including probiotics, antibodies, and vaccines have shown promising results in trials that suggest the role of these alternatives as preventive or adjunct therapies in future. Keywords: antibiotics, multidrug resistance, evolution, alternative therapie
Selection inversion: a probable tool against antibiotic resistance
No full textZulqarnain Baloch,1,* Bilal Aslam,2,* Saima Muzammil,2 Mohsin Khurshid,3 Muhammad Hidayat Rasool,2 Ke Ma4 1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; 2Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 3College of Allied Health Professionals, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; 4College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Antibiotic therapy has a dual impact: wanted, in which it immediately inhibits the growth of bacteria and the unwanted, which is responsible for the evolution of antibiotic resistance. The dissociation of therapeutic effectiveness from the possible risk of the antibiotic resistance may be attained by taking the advantage of specific relations between these drugs, and the methods in which mutations associated with resistance against a specific antibiotic may modify these relations or it may increase the sensitivity of the bacterium to the other antibiotics. Although the practical implementation of this notion needs considerable advancement and confirmation that depends upon the improvements in the field of genomics and diagnostics, these interventions propose new paradigms, which may confine or inverse the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Keywords: antibiotic resistance, inversion, mutations, bacteria, evolutio
DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF CALCIUM LEVELS IN SELECTED INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS OF FAMILIES UMBELLIFERAE, LEGUMINOSAE AND BORAGINACEAE
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Respiratory syncytial virus: an overview of infection biology and vaccination strategies
No full text Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the foremost cause of lower respiratory tract infections, especially in infants and young children. To date, there is no licensed vaccine available for RSV. Only option to restrain RSV is a prophylactic treatment in the form of monoclonal antibody (palivizumab). However, it is quite expensive and used in few patients with co-morbidities. In ongoing research, virologists contemplate about various vaccine candidates to control RSV infection. This review will help in understating the RSV pathobiology and encompass the advancement on various vaccine candidates that would lead to reduce the incidence, mortality and morbidity. Furthermore, it will lighten up the different avenues which might be useful for the development of novel vaccination approaches. </jats:p
PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD ASY-SYAIBANI TENTANG KASB DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
No full textThis research is motivated by the need to strengthen the framework of Islamic economic law, which is not only oriented towards material profit but also emphasizes justice, business ethics, and social responsibility amid the challenges of globalization and digitalization. The concept of kasb (work or effort) as initiated by Imam Muhammad asy-Syaibānī in his work Kitab al-Kasb is one of the fundamental references in classical Islamic economic thought. Asy-Syaibānī’s thought emphasizes that work is not merely an economic activity but also an act of worship and a means of achieving social justice. This research addresses the fundamental question of how asy-Syaibānī’s concept of kasb can be actualized within the framework of contemporary Islamic economic law.
This study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach. The primary source analyzed is Kitab al-Kasb by Muhammad asy-Syaibānī, using Friedrich Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics as the main theoretical approach. This approach allows an in-depth interpretation of classical texts by considering the historical, linguistic, and psychological context of the author. Thus, the values of kasb can be explored, understood, and applied in the context of modern Islamic economic law. Islamic economic law serves as the normative foundation to link the concept of kasb with contemporary issues in Islamic business law in the era of globalization and digitalization.
The results of this research show that asy-Syaibānī’s concept of kasb is highly relevant to the fundamental principles of Islamic economic law, especially in supporting the realization of the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, such as the protection of wealth (hifz al-māl), fair distribution, and business ethics. Through the hermeneutical approach, Islamic work values such as honesty, responsibility, and justice can be integrated into e-commerce practices, worker protection, and the strengthening of sharia business regulations that are adaptive to digital era challenges. This research is expected to contribute theoretically and practically to strengthening a fair, sustainable, and contextual Islamic economic legal framework
Molecular and Serological Detection of Avian Influenza H9N2 Virus in Asymptomatic Commercial Layers in Faisalabad District, Punjab
No full textThe present study aimed at measuring the antibody titres against H9N2 influenza viruses and its molecular detections in asymptomatic commercial layers from Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. Overall 120 blood samples, 24 tissue samples from each organ (trachea, lung and intestine) were collected from the 12 commercial layer flocks selected randomly at the age of 35-50 weeks without any direct clinical manifestation of avian influenza. Serum collected from 120 birds was tested for antibodies against H9N2 by using Haemagglutination Inhibition assay. Calculated geometric mean titers of 5.37 revealed the infectivity of the flock with H9N2 Influenza virus. To investigate the presence of virus in the study population, trachea, lung and intestine tissue samples were processed for RNA isolation and subjected to molecular detection of H9 gene of H9N2 subtypes using one step Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Out of 24 samples taken from each organ, 22, 21, and 18 samples from trachea, lungs, and intestine showed viral RNA, respectively. Taken together, results showed that the H9N2 is endemic and widely distributed in asymptotic layers. Furthermore results indicated that H9N2 subtype may survive in layers without showing any symptoms.No Full Tex
The influence of al-Sahihayn on popular hadith literatures: the case of Khazinah al-AsrarJalilah al-Adhkar
No full textThe compilations of authentic hadith by al-Bukhari (d. 870) and Muslim (d. 875) known
collectively as al-Sahihayn serve for the Sunnis as the second highest source of religion after the
Quran. The stringent methods in hadith selection and appraisal in these books have contributed
to their credibility and reliability as a primary religious source, and many succeeding works
attempted to emulate them, though with varying results. Some popular hadith literatures have
also utilized al-Sahihayn as their main source of hadith quotation to enhance their status of
acceptance, notwithstanding some compromises and modifications. This is particularly the
case with a 19th century hadith compilation known as Khazinah al-Asrar Jalilah al-Adhkar by
Muhammad Haqqi al-Nazilli (d. 1884). Thus, this paper aims to delve into this topic in further
details. It attempts to analyze the role and influence of al-Sahihayn on Khazinah al-Asrar, the
extent of compliance of its author with the former, and the overall implication of its extensive
methodology on succeeding hadith works, particularly in Southeast Asia
CRISPR-Cas system: a potential alternative tool to cope antibiotic resistance
No full textAntibiotic exposure leads to massive selective pressures that initiate the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in commensal and pathogenic bacteria. The slow process of developing new antibiotics makes this approach counterintuitive for combatting the rapid emergence of new antibiotic resistant pathogens. Therefore, alternative approaches such as, the development of nucleic acid-based anti-bacterial treatments, anti-bacterial peptides, bacteriocins, anti-virulence compounds and bacteriophage therapies should be exploited to cope infections caused by resistant superbugs. In this editorial, we discuss how the newly popular CRISPR-Cas system has been applied to combat antibiotic resistance.Full Tex
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