178,346 research outputs found
Sustainability practices and business strategies in the recycling industry of Bangladesh : a study on Rashed & Brothers
No full textThe present study explored the sustainability practices employed by Rashed and Brothers, a prominent entity in Bangladesh's recycling business. In its attempt to create opportunities, it has focused on waste reduction, resource utilization efficiency, and environmental impact mitigation.
This study primarily employed a quantitative methodology and involved 20 actively employed employees directly engaged in the organization's everyday activities. Pie charts have been used to provide a visual representation of staff members' perspectives regarding sustainability challenges. The results demonstrated that Rashed & Brothers achieved a degree of success in several sustainable business initiatives, despite ongoing challenges in employee training and advanced recycling efforts. Moreover, it highlighted that the implementation of new technologies and a more comprehensive connection with national agenda items, such as the National 3R Strategic Approach, might further enhance these concepts.
The objective of the thesis was to establish a sustainable culture by implementing certain proposals: improving employee training and utilizing sophisticated technologies for recycling and communication. This research sought to elucidate the notion of corporate sustainability within Bangladesh's recycling sector. It also furnished Rashed and Brothers with other concepts that may be implemented to improve their environmental initiatives. It underscored the significance of ongoing development and established a foundation for further investigation into policy interventions, technological and economic advancements, and the socio-economic impacts related to the industry
Experimental characterization of the inner surface in micro-drilling of spray holes: A comparison between ultrashort pulsed laser and EDM
No full textIn this research, the inner surface characteristics of micro-drilled holes of fuel injector nozzles were analyzed by Shear Force Microscopy (SHFM). The surface texture was characterized by maximum peak-to-valley distance and periodicity whose dimensions were related to the adopted energy. 180 mu m diameter holes were drilled using ultrashort pulsed laser process using pulse energies within the range of 10-50 mu J. Laser ablated surfaces in the tested energy range offer a smooth texture with a peculiar periodic structure with a variation in height between 60 and 90 nm and almost constant periodicity. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photograph of the Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structure (LIPSS) showed the co-existence of Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS (LSFL) and High Spatial Frequency LIPSS (HSFL). A comparative analysis was carried out between the highest laser pulse energy in the tested range energy laser drilling which enables the shortest machining time and micro-Electrical Discharge Machining (mu-EDM). On the contrary, results showed that surfaces obtained by electro-erosion are characterized by a random distribution of craters with a total excursion up to 1.5 mu m with a periodicity of 10 mu m. The mean-squared surface roughness (R-q) derived from the scanned maps ranges between 220 and 560 nm for mu-EDM, and between 50 and 100 nm for fs-pulses laser drilling
Rethinking Progressivism and Modernism in Urdu Poetry: Faiz Ahmed Faiz and N. M. Rashed
No full textLiterary historians of modern Urdu poetry frequently divide twentieth-century writers into two camps--progressives and modernists. In such a reading, Faiz Ahmad Faiz (1911-84) is exemplary of the "art for life's sake" position associated with the Progressive Writers Association, and N. M. Rashed (1910-75) frequently represents the "art for art's sake" position of modernism. Through an assessment of these writers' understandings of each other and close readings of their poetry, this essay demonstrates that these familiar categories, first articulated in the late 1930s and early 1940s in progressive literary criticism, fail to capture the literary output of either poet. Instead of abandoning these categories, however, this essays suggests that they remain important to literary history as historical facts, as a part of literary discourse. This essay therefore considers the role of literary interpretation in literary production, and the way that these two prominent Urdu poets shaped their own work in accordance to the way it was received
Before and After the Commentators: An Essay in Periodization.
No full textL'articolo considera il significato storico e filosofico dei commentatori neoplatonici di Aristotele. Gli autori situano il recente Sourcebook sui commentatori edito da Richard Sorbji in un contesto più ampio, che include il contributo dei commentatori nella formazione della filosofia tardo-antica e la loro posterità nella tradizione filosofica islamica. Dopo una sezione introduttiva (1) sullo stato attuale della ricerca in questo ambito, gli autori affrontano i temi seguenti: (2) Plotino, i commentatori e lo sviluppo del pensiero tardo antico; (3) il Sourcebook e la filosofia islamica. Riccardo Chiaradonna è co-autore della sezione (1) e autore della sezione (2), dove la ricezione dei trattati di scuola aristotelici è presentata come una caratteristica fondamentale nella transizione dalla filosofia post-ellenistica a quella tardo-antica. Plotino ha un ruolo cruciale in questo processo e l'assimilazione neoplatonica dei trattati di Aristotele non avrebbe avuto luoro senza il suo contributo.This article considers the historical and philosophical significance of the Neoplatonic commentators on Aristotle. The authors set Richard Sorabji's recent Sourcebook on the commentators within a wider backgroung, which covers the commentators' contribution in the shaping of late antique philosophy and their posterity in the Islamic philosophical tradition. After an introductory section (1) regarding the current status of research in this area, the authors tackle the following issues: (2) Plotinus, the commentators and the development of late antique thought; (3) the Sourcebook and Islamic Philosophy. Riccardo Chiaradonna is co-author of section (1) and author of section (2), where the reception of Aristotle's school treatises is set out as a key feature in the transition from Post Hellenistic to Late Antique philosophy. Plotinus has a pivotal position in this process and the Neoplatonic incorporation of Aristotle's treatises would have not taken place without Plotinus' contribution
Experimental characterization of the inner surface in micro-drilling of spray holes: A comparison between ultrashort pulsed laser and EDM
No full textIn this research, the inner surface characteristics of micro-drilled holes of fuel injector nozzles were analyzed by Shear Force Microscopy (SHFM). The surface texture was characterized by maximum peak-to-valley distance and periodicity whose dimensions were related to the adopted energy. 180 μm diameter holes were drilled using ultrashort pulsed laser process using pulse energies within the range of 10-50 μJ. Laser ablated surfaces in the tested energy range offer a smooth texture with a peculiar periodic structure with a variation in height between 60 and 90 nm and almost constant periodicity. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photograph of the Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structure (LIPSS) showed the co-existence of Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS (LSFL) and High Spatial Frequency LIPSS (HSFL). A comparative analysis was carried out between the highest laser pulse energy in the tested range energy laser drilling which enables the shortest machining time and micro-Electrical Discharge Machining (μ-EDM). On the contrary, results showed that surfaces obtained by electro-erosion are characterized by a random distribution of craters with a total excursion up to 1.5 μm with a periodicity of 10 μm. The mean-squared surface roughness (Rq) derived from the scanned maps ranges between 220 and 560 nm for μ-EDM, and between 50 and 100 nm for fs-pulses laser drilling
Entropy generation of boehmite alumina nanofluid flow through a minichannel heat exchanger considering nanoparticle shape effect
No full textThis paper aims to study the effect of nanoparticle shape on the entropy generation characteristics of boehmite alumina nanofluid flowing through a horizontal double-pipe minichannel heat exchanger. Boehmite alumina (γ-AlOOH) nanoparticles of different shapes (cylindrical, brick, blade, platelet, and spherical) are dispersed in a mixture of water/ethylene glycol as the nanofluid. The nanofluid and water flow in the tube side and annulus side of the heat exchanger, respectively. The effects of the Reynolds number and nanoparticle concentration on the frictional entropy generation rate, thermal entropy generation rate, total entropy generation rate and Bejan number are numerically analyzed for different nanoparticle shapes. The obtained results demonstrated that the nanofluids containing platelet shape and spherical shape nanoparticles have the highest and lowest rates of thermal, frictional, and total entropy generation, respectively. Additionally, it was found that the rates of thermal, frictional, and total entropy generation increase with an increase in the Reynolds number, while the opposite is true for the Bejan number. Furthermore, it was inferred from the obtained results that the increase of nanoparticle concentration results in higher frictional and total entropy generation rates and lower Bejan number
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
A Rediscovered Categories Commentary
No full textThis article is a preliminary edition — introduction, text, translation, commentary — of a previously unknown commentary on Aristotle’s Categories, recently discovered in the Archimedes Palimpsest. The two lemmas covered (both incompletely) in the fourteen surviving pages are 1a20-b15, concerning the distinction between ‘said of a subject’ and ‘in a subject’, and 1b16-24, where Aristotle maintains that different genera are divided by different differentiae. By extrapolating from this sample, the commentary can be inferred to have been considerably longer than the longest Categories commentary to survive intact, that of Simplicius. On this and other grounds, we argue that it is probably a fragment of Porphyry’s monumental lost commentary, the Ad Gedalium. A prominent feature of the new commentary is its extensive concentration on resolving puzzles raised against the Categories. Some of the material is completely absent from the remainder of the surviving Categories tradition. The earlier commentators and critics cited by name in it are Andronicus, Boethus, Nicostratus and Herminus
Sur la composition du traité dit de motu animalium : contribution à l’analyse de la théorie aristotélicienne du premier moteur
No full textABSTRACT. Based on Aristotle's technique of redaction as in other parts of the corpus, the paper firstly raises the question of the DMA's disciplinary relevance. This opens a range of independent perspectives on the DMA's composition and on its value as a whole.
The paper thus analyses the DMA as a composition of two (or more) different parts (DMA1 and DMA2, the latter starting with chap. 6). The two parts would be connected by a common prologue (698a1-7, what I label Prologue A), setting a very comprehensive program "on the common cause of any kind of movement", which precedes the introductory remarks of each part (prologues B and C). The first part starts then with an outstanding summary (B) of Phys. VIII which subordinates the primary role of self motion to an unmoved principle for every kind of motion wherever in the world (698a7-11) and indicates the relevant inquiry's method (11-14); whereas the second part introduces an outstanding discussion on ensouled motion (namely: self motion) as a principle for every other motion (C, 6. 700b4-11).
The hypothesis is aimed to promote a closer focus on the unique connection between DMA2, – but not of DMA1, – with Metaph. L (whose theory of the prime mover as orekton kai noêton is uniquely legitimated by DMA2e) via a revised theory of voluntary movement where thinking is prior to desire. This theory is less harmonized to the one of DA III (there is no movement without desire), then to the one at Lambda 7 about the primacy of thought (arche de hê noêsis, L 7. 1072a30ff.). As it appears, DMA (6ff.) outstandingly refers to Lambda as an existing treatise, which does not happen elsewhere in the corpus. By contrast, DMA is very much on Phys. VIII's path (once one understands Phys VIII in the way prologue B of DMA1 suggests) namely on the principle of movement as unmoved principle. No obvious internal development seems to unify the treatise.
The paper also includes a main thesis concerning the traditional DMA's title as a treatise 'On animals' motion'. Different arguments are thus alleged so to show that such a title is neither entirely appropriate to the content, nor fitting with Aristotle's program as settled in DMA 1 (698a4-7).
Moreover, a general inquiry about Aristotle's 'titles' has been prompted by some perplexities raised by the alleged 'title' of DMA: this has been developed in two further articles about the historical genesis of the corpus; as a result, it can be argued that Aristotle did not identify his writings with fixed titles – however fluent he may have been in programmatic statements and content's or method' indication: in a sense, therefore, if this holds to be true, no Aristotelian title is really appropriate, all of them being forged by later scholarship (see S. F., “Exordes, raccords, 'titres' chez Aristote”, in: Transmettre les Savoirs, ed. by F. Le Blay, Presses Universitaires de Rennes 2009, pp. 295-308; id., “Esordi e trattati in Aristotele”, in Linguaggio, mente e mondo, ed. M. Carrara – G. De Anna – S. Magrin, Padova, 2003, p. 19-38).
On this basis, the paper argues that one has to take seriously into account the indication of content he gives for his treatise in the introduction: though being classified as a zoological work, DMA is a treatise about the 'common' principle and cause of every kind of movement (698a4-7), where cosmological remarks do not only function as external examples; if it were a piece of zoology, one had to say that for Aristotle's mature thought (DMA is the richest treatise of the corpus when quotations of other treatises are concerned), the whole world's behaviour fall's into zoology, being thought of as a living being, a zôion indeed, as Aristotle says in DC II.2. However, A. never says so in the DMA: one is thus left e silentio with the idea that cosmology and zoology do not need to be reduced one to the other but are kept and analysed in parallel, sharing one fundamental chain at the origin of any movement, starting from intelligibility and/or lack of movement, ensoulement, desire
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