18 research outputs found
A new class of mesoporous materials for applications in Petroleum refining, 2002
Full text linkLamellar and hexagonal mesostructured aluminophosphates with pore diameters > 2 nm were synthesized as potential high surface area petroleum refining or oxidation catalysts. Phosphoric acid and three different aluminum sources, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum isopropoxide and psuedobohemite alumina, were used as the inorganic precursors. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride surfactant was used as charge compensating cation and structure directing agent. Synthesis were conducted from reaction mixtures within the following molar composition range: xAl203:P205:yCI6TMACl:zTMA0H:wH20, where x= 0.29-2.34, y = 0.24-0.98, z=0.34-1.95,w= 86-700. The Lamellar phase was favored by extremely low Al/P ratios (<0.33), low TMAOH content, high C^TACl concentrations and high synthesis temperature (110�C). The hexagonal phase was favored by higher Al/P ratios and TMAOH content, pH range between 8-10, low CiaTACl concentration and ambient temperature. With Al(OH)3 as the hydroxide source, the hexagonal phase demonstrated the highest lattice ordering at Al/P ratios 0.47-1.25, above which increasingly disordered products were observed. Aluminum and phosphorus were present in tetrahedral coordination in the lamellar phase, while both tetrahedral and octahedral coordination was present in the hexagonal phase. No mesostructured products were observed under TMAOH-free conditions. The influence of synthesis variables are investigated
Manufacturing urbanism: an architectural practice for unfinished cities
Full text linkThis PhD is a reflection upon an architectural practice developed over twelve years, incorporating architectural design, teaching and writing. The practice consists of a variety of projects ranging from full-scale architectural interventions to speculative urban proposals, and includes individually authored work alongside collaborations with an international network of practitioners and academics. Addressing this constellation of projects and approaches, the reflective process of this PhD served to identify two primary conceptual domains and drivers of the work: contemporary industrial manufacturing and urban transformation. The culmination of the research models a vehicle for future practice situated between these domains, predicated strongly on methods of prototyping and strategic incentivisation in the urban realm. A core agenda of the work is a predilection for, and prioritisation of, incompleteness in architectural design, structures of professional practice and urbanism. The research, presented through a written document and exhibition, is structured in five parts:1. Staging Practices: case studies in how experimental design practices inform and redefine professional ones.2. Industrial Practices: experiments with materials and methods of manufacturing in architectural work.3. Urban Practices: documenting qualities of urbanism between phases of industrial or economic change.4. Networked Practices: architectural experiments between manufacturing and urbanism.5. Modelling a Future Practice: a platform for collaborative architectural practice at the intersection of urban/economic and industrial/material concerns
The role of education in promoting circular economy
No full textOur research was supported by Aalto University, University of British Columbia, University of Helsinki and the Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra. We gratefully acknowledge and appreciate the support provided by these organisations, projects and participating companies. Proofreading was done by Aedan Zarrella. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.The environmental problems caused by a linear economy system and the exploitation of natural resources have been known well over 50 years. Although a great deal has been done, there is a contradiction between increasing consumerism and the concrete actions that have been taken. A lot more needs to be done immediately to stop catastrophic global change and adopt circular economy mindset and system. The most profound way to promote this transformation is to involve all people through education. Starting in pre-school and continuing all the way to university, education is the best way to enable the transition from a linear economy to a circular economy. In this article, we describe how a project to implement circular economy teaching in the Finnish education system was carried out. We also show that the teaching development should be started from the bottom up with teachers, as opposed to top-level planning bodies. The first target in Finland´s circular economy education programme was to focus on today’s school pupils and university students. However, this is not enough. There is an increasing need to involve everyone in working life to increase their circular economy skills. The aim is that everyone is a circular economy expert.Peer reviewe
Implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan Policy in Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia
Full text linkProgram Keluarga Harapan, hereinafter referred to as (PKH), is a program of the Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs RI that provides conditional social assistance to Poor Families (KM) designated as PKH Beneficiary Families (KPM). This program provides conditional social assistance to KPM. However, in reality, the social assistance that should be used by the underprivileged to meet their needs is instead used by other family members to meet their daily needs. This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the Family Hope Program based on Regent Regulation No. 15 of 2023 concerning Direct Cash Assistance for the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Tulungagung District. This research is descriptive qualitative with a policy implementation model using Merille S. Grindle's Public Policy Implementation theory, which is determined by the content of the policy and its implementation context. The basic idea is that the policy implementation is carried out after the policy is transformed. Its success is determined by the degree of implementability of the policy. The objectives of this study are to 1) analyze poverty alleviation policies through the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Kalidawir Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. 2. To identify and analyze the obstacles/constraints in the implementation of the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Tulungagung Regency, the technical data analysis uses three components, namely 1) reducing data by summarizing or selecting key points from the data obtained, 2) presenting the reduced data in the form of a brief description, and 3) drawing conclusions after presenting the data. Then, to test the validity of the data, the author used triangulation by using different data collection techniques to obtain data from the same source
Lifestyle carbon footprints and changes in lifestyles to limit global warming to 1.5 °C, and ways forward for related research
Full text linkFunding Information: This research was partially supported by the Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra, the KR Foundation, the United Nations’10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production (10YFP), and the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (JPMEERF16S11600) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency, Japan. The details of the quantitative methodologies and results are available as a technical report (IGES et al. ). The authors are grateful to all the partners and reviewers that have contributed to the 1.5-Degree Lifestyles project. The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).This paper presents an approach for assessing lifestyle carbon footprints and lifestyle change options aimed at achieving the 1.5 °C climate goal and facilitating the transition to decarbonized lifestyles through stakeholder participatory research. Using data on Finland and Japan it shows potential impacts of reducing carbon footprints through changes in lifestyles for around 30 options covering food, housing, and mobility domains, in comparison with the 2030 and 2050 per-capita targets (2.5–3.2 tCO2e by 2030; 0.7–1.4 tCO2e by 2050). It discusses research opportunities for expanding the footprint-based quantitative analysis to incorporate subnational analysis, living lab, and scenario development aiming at advancing sustainability science on the transition to decarbonized lifestyles.Peer reviewe
Penggunaan Kompos dan Metabolit Sekunder Trichoderma harzianum Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Serta Intensitas Penyakit Hawar Daun Pada Tanaman Sawi
Full text linkThe cultivation of mustard greens (Brassica juncae L.) often experiences problems with low soil fertility and disease attacks. The preventative solution is to utilize natural materials which are waste and secondary metabolites from microorganisms. This research aims to obtain a type of compost and an effective method of application of secondary metabolites of T. harzianum to increase growth and yield and reduce the intensity of leaf blight disease in mustard plants. The treatments tried were compost types, namely sago palm compost, eucalyptus leaf compost, chicken livestock compost, and the secondary metabolite of T. harzianum, which was applied by pouring and spraying. The research used a Split Plot Design with three replications. Data analysis using Minitab 18 software. Effect interaction between the application of secondary metabolites using the spaying method and the type of compost on the growth and yield of mustard greens, as well as leaf blight disease, but each had an independent effect. The application of secondary metabolites of T. harzianum by using the spray method is equally good in increasing the number of leaves, fresh root weight, and harvest index, while to control leaf blight, the spray method is better. It can reduce the severity of the disease by 35.34%, while the application method is only able to reduce the severity of the disease by 35.34%. disease severity was 18.25%. The eucalyptus leaf compost and chicken livestock compost treatments were equally good in increasing the number of leaves, leaf area, plant height, fresh weight of the shoot, and fresh weight of the roots. Each type of compost can increase 18.73% and 25.89% leaf area, 12.36% and 12.36% plant height, 20.80% and 24.03% fresh shoot weight, and 11.77% and 13.12% fresh weight of roots.Keywords: biocontrol, compost, secondary metabolites, Trichoderma harzianum
Cotton-textile-apparel sectors of India:
Full text link"Cotton, textiles, and apparel are critical agricultural and industrial sectors in India. This study provides descriptions of these sectors and examines the key developments emerging domestically and internationally that affect the challenges and opportunities the sectors face. More than four million farm households produce cotton in India, and about one-quarter of output is produced by marginal and small farms. Although production has expanded—most recently with the introduction of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton—domestic prices dropped sharply in the late 1990s, in parallel to world cotton prices. Using partial equilibrium simulations, we estimate that a price movement of the magnitude that occurred has a significant effect on levels of poverty among cotton-producing households. The fiber-to-fabric production chain, from cotton processing through apparel, employs more than 12 million workers in India and provides 16 percent of export earnings. Except for the spinning industry, these sectors are dominated by small, fragmented, and nonintegrated units, which adversely affect their competitiveness. Recent policy reforms have induced some technological improvements. In terms of future prospects for the Indian processing, textile, and apparel industries, our analysis emphasizes three dimensions of reform—the need for further investments in human resource development to improve industry productivity and reduce poverty among workers in these sectors, the emergence of modern domestic retail marketing chains, and the potentially vibrant prospects for the industry that arise from a growing domestic fabric demand and new opportunities in world markets if appropriate policies and investments are undertaken." from authors' abstractCotton, textiles, Apparel, Rural poverty, subsidies, Industry policy, World markets,
Attitudes and Preferences of University Student Bicyclists: The Tale of Two Greek Cities
No full textRecently, the share of bicycles among transportation modes has been rising. This is also the case in university campuses that have seen an increase of bicycling as a transport mode. Transportation authorities globally encourage bicycling as a way for pollution reduction and alleviation of traffic congestion. However, lack of bicycle facilities could significantly hinder increase in bicycling levels. This study used in-person surveys to evaluate the attitudes and desires of bicyclists in two university campuses in Greece: Thessaloniki and Volos. The goal of the survey was to identify barriers to bicycling in both cities and pinpoint facility aspects that could be improved. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing were utilized in the analysis of the survey data to determine the level of agreement among participant responses and document their attitudes and preferences. Lack of bicycling facilities was the main impediment that respondents in both cities identified: a finding that agrees with prior research. In addition, the aggressive behavior of car drivers is considered an important obstacle in both cities. The survey findings support to the notion that bicyclists everywhere have similar attitudes about what the types of improvements required for increasing bicycling and enhancing their experiences. In addition, local conditions and practices have an impact on the relevance of specific issues. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Sustainable international business model innovations for a globalizing circular economy : a review and synthesis, integrative framework, and opportunities for future research
Full text linkThe global imperative has increased in recent years for international firms to respond to major threats such as unintended environmental, social, and economic problems arising from ecological destruction, population growth, and economic activity. To respond to this confluence that has created an emerging existential crisis, we identify that a globalizing circular economy (CE) is required and subsequently define a new construct: sustainable international business model innovations. In doing so, we introduce circular inputs, sharing platforms, product as a service, product use extension, and resource recovery as business models that contain the potential to reply to these grand challenges. Based on CE principles, the innovations and designs introduced are contrasted with the traditional linear economic model and are presented as actionable standardization/adaptation alternatives for companies responding to differing informal and formal international institutions. Based on the theoretical underpinnings of the resource-based, dynamic capabilities, and international business model innovation perspectives, we introduce an integrative framework that is accompanied by a series of detailed research questions to provide future research opportunities for the domain. This conceptual approach holds that international resource design influences marketing capabilities adaptation which, in turn, impacts international performance and offers a foundation from which to build the literature.© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed
A sensitive and resonant view of the rural environment in three books by Julià Guillamon
No full textThe current boom in rural-themed literature in Spain has been interpreted as a response to certain social and commercial needs that acquire a contradictory ideological value (Ibarretxe Diego and Delgado [2022]. “Comunidades inimaginables: narrativas sobre la España vaciada.” In España comparada: literatura, lengua y política en la cultura contemporánea, coordinated by Christian Claesson. Granada: Editorial Comares, 104–108). In contrast to the fictions that perpetuate an idealized or uncritical imaginary of the rural world, a body of new works has emerged that develop an attentive gaze at living beings. In the Catalan context, this local and intimate approach to the daily life of rurality has allowed certain writers to promote an ecoresponsible sensibility, which is grounded in a sensitive relationship with the natural world. Based on these premises, the aim of this article is to analyze a selection of stories from the books El sifon de can Sitra (2017), Les cuques (2020) and Les hores noves (2022), by Julià Guillamon, which focus on different elements of the living world. The analysis is based on the idea that the author’s local attachment allows him to develop a sensitive and resonant view of the living beings that are part of a very specific environment: the town of Arbúcies and Montseny Natural Park, located in the center of Catalonia. Starting from the idea of “sensitive relationships”, developed by Estelle Zhong Mengual and Baptiste Morizot (2018), and the concept of “resonance”, defined by Hartmut Rosa (2020), this article will explore the way in which Guillamon develops rural themes that include not just living beings, but agriculture and forestry as well. In his books, the author uses resources from treatises on natural sciences, literary journalism and nature diaries. This use of nonfiction literature allows him to build a demystified and realistic vision of the Montseny massif (a space with a significant cultural weight in the Catalan literary tradition), through which it is possible to reconstitute a sensitivity towards natural life
