993 research outputs found

    Interview no. 1421

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    Ramiro Solis was born on December 28, 1922 in Tekax Yucatán, México attended school and learned to read and write, however, after his father passed away, everyone in the family had to start working. Ramiro left school to work with his father’s former Chinese countrymen who paid Ramiro 0.02centsarowforharvestingherbsandhewouldearn0.02 cents a row for harvesting herbs and he would earn 0.10 -0.12centsadayforhiswork.Hewentontoworkasaroper(onewhomakesropes)inMeˊrida,Yucataˊn.Thentherewasadeclineinjobs,andtheMexicangovernmentbeganpushingforunemployedmentoentertheBraceroProgram.In1957heenteredtheBraceroProgram.Atthattimehewasalreadymarriedwithfivechildren,twoboysandthreegirls,soRamiroenteredtheprogramtosupporthisfamily.Toentertheprogram,Ramirohadtoshowthatheworkedinagricultureforatleastfiveyears,hadthecallousedhandstoproveit.HewashiredintotheRanchersAssociationandtraveledintotheUnitedStatesviatrains,inlivestockcars.Atthereceptioncenter,workerswereleftwithoutmoneyorfoodandtheyhadtosellwatertotrytobuyfood.Shortlyafter,hewassenttotheRosieLaborCamptopickstrawberriesfor0.12 cents a day for his work. He went on to work as a roper (one who makes ropes) in Mérida, Yucatán. Then there was a decline in jobs, and the Mexican government began pushing for unemployed men to enter the Bracero Program. In 1957 he entered the Bracero Program. At that time he was already married with five children, two boys and three girls, so Ramiro entered the program to support his family. To enter the program, Ramiro had to show that he worked in agriculture for at least five years, had the calloused hands to prove it. He was hired into the Ranchers Association and traveled into the United States via trains, in livestock cars. At the reception center, workers were left without money or food and they had to sell water to try to buy food. Shortly after, he was sent to the Rosie Labor Camp to pick strawberries for 0.57 cents an hour. When he worked with the Association of Watsonville he was paid 0.57centsperhourandhewaspressuredtoworklikeotherlocalworkerswhogotpaidbytheboxwhereastheRamiroandotherbraceroswereearning0.57 cents per hour and he was pressured to work like other local workers who got paid by the box whereas the Ramiro and other braceros were earning 0.57 cents per hour. The amount that a local worker earned a week was roughly between 14.00to14.00 to 14.75. Ramiro states that they (braceros) could work hard all day and never fill one box. He describes himself and other braceros being treated as animals because the bosses wanted the braceros to work just as hard and fast as the local workers. Ramiro states that one could work on Saturday and Sunday because there was always work. Ramiro developed friendships with the cooks on the labor camps and through these relationships he was able to get jobs more easily. In a typical day, the braceros in the labor camp that Ramiro worked would wake up at 5 a.m., eat breakfast and take their bag lunch to the field. At noon, they would break for lunch for half an hour and then work until 3p.m. If there were more strawberries to harvest, then they would work longer until 5 p.m., otherwise, they only worked eight hours. At the end of the day, the braceros were told by the bosses that they were required under contract to clean the tools used in harvesting the strawberries. The braceros cleaned what they had to, sometimes for six hours without pay. The Braceros ate Mexican food at the camp and they were charged 1.75adayforfood.Thebosswoulddeductthecostoffoodfromtheirearnings.Althoughthefoodwasnotalwaysgood,thebracerosweregivenenoughfoodtoeat.Ramirodescribesthehousingtobeabarrackwithahundredbedsinrows.Thebraceroswouldplacetheirclothingunderthebed.Theshowerhad10to15showerslineupnexttoanotherandthebracerosshoweredtogether.Thebraceroswashedtheirclothesinmachines,howeverRamirostatesthathedidnotwashhisclothes,butratherpurchasedsecondhandclothinginexpensively.Personaltoiletrieswerenotprovidedbythebosses.Checkswereissuedoutthe15thand30thofeachmonth.Ramirosentthebulkofhischeckandusuallykept1.75 a day for food. The boss would deduct the cost of food from their earnings. Although the food was not always good, the braceros were given enough food to eat. Ramiro describes the housing to be a barrack with a hundred beds in rows. The braceros would place their clothing under the bed. The shower had 10 to 15 showers line up next to another and the braceros showered together. The braceros washed their clothes in machines, however Ramiro states that he did not wash his clothes, but rather purchased second hand clothing inexpensively. Personal toiletries were not provided by the bosses. Checks were issued out the 15th and 30th of each month. Ramiro sent the bulk of his check and usually kept 5-$6 for himself. He did have instances where he had issues with being paid or the having deductions, however he was always able to work out the issue. Ramiro left at the end of the season and in the following year he was unable to return as a bracero because he had tuberculosis. Ramiro stayed in México working and submitting paper work so he could move to the United States legally; it took five years. Ramiro describes the experience of being a bracero as a time where they were exploited. Ramiro states that they were worked hard for very little money and that he didn’t realize this until he began working outside of the Bracero Program and found that one could be paid based off of how hard one worked. Ramiro feels that the bosses took advantage of the workers. For Ramiro, the Bracero Program was not a positive experience

    A Diagnostic Clinical Model as a Tool that Defines the Severity of Interactions Between PRRS and Classical Swine Fever (CSF) in Mexican Pig Farms

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    Ramirez-Necoechea, Ramiro; Sierra-Romero, Norma. (2001). A Diagnostic Clinical Model as a Tool that Defines the Severity of Interactions Between PRRS and Classical Swine Fever (CSF) in Mexican Pig Farms. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/160603

    PIG SURVIVAL WITHIN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION AND INTERACTION OF PRRS, CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER AND OTHER PATHOGENS AT GUANAJUATO STATE IN MEXICO

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    Sierra-Romero, Norma; Ramirez-Necoechea, Ramiro; Aguilar-Olvera, Patricia; Aguirre-Bravo, Fernando. (2003). PIG SURVIVAL WITHIN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION AND INTERACTION OF PRRS, CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER AND OTHER PATHOGENS AT GUANAJUATO STATE IN MEXICO. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/160314

    Ramiro Ledesma Ramos and the spanish fascism.

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    The author makes a critical review of Ferran Gallego recent appeared book , Ramiro Ledesma Ramos y el fascismo español. This biography of Ramiro Ledesma, writer and ideologist of the spanish fascism, founder of the La Conquista del Estado periodical and the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (JONS), studies its political evolution, the taking of contact of its group with others of extreme-right and analyzes the passage of Ledesma since the literary creation to the political action.The author makes a critical review of Ferran Gallego recent appeared book , Ramiro Ledesma Ramos y el fascismo español. This biography of Ramiro Ledesma, writer and ideologist of the spanish fascism, founder of the La Conquista del Estado periodical and the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (JONS), studies its political evolution, the taking of contact of its group with others of extreme-right and analyzes the passage of Ledesma since the literary creation to the political action

    Seguimiento-de-lectura-Anahi-Ramirez-1.3

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    En el documento presentado a continuación se dará a conocer cual es la importancia de hacer valido un instrumento de investigación, basándose del articulo "Encuesta: Nivel de conocimiento de la población urbana sobre los alimentos agroecológicos" que tiene entre sus autores al Ing. Ramiro Vivas y demás expertos que hablan sobre el tema, en donde mencionan cuales son los métodos mas eficientes para realizar dicha validación

    Ramiro Guerra: caminante y testigo

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    ABSTRACT Introduction: The article presents an assessment of the figure of Ramiro Guerra y Sánchez given not only by its author but also by valuable intellectuals contemporary with Guerra such as Carlos Rafael Rodríguez, Raúl Roa, Medardo Vitier, Fernando Ortiz, Emilio Roig de Leuchsenring. Methods: In this study about Ramiro Guerra, a distinction of his intellectual productionis made along two main lines: the texts with pedagogical content and critical analysis to Cuban education and the historiographic essay. Results: Specifically, the author pauses in the analysis of two works considered «minor» within his historiographical task: Mudos Testigos (1948) and Por las veredas del Pasado (1957), which demonstrate the valuable contribution of Ramiro Guerra to the social, regional and rural family history in Cuba between the end of the 19.th century and the beginning of the 20.th century. Conclusions: The conclusions are aimed at placing Ramiro Guerra in a very important position within the Cuban intelligentsia of the 20.th century and to understand his validity in Cuban historical studies.RESUMEN: Introducción: En el artículo se presenta una valoración de la figura de Ramiro Guerra y Sánchez dada no solamente por el autor del trabajo sino por valiosos intelectuales contemporáneos con Guerra como Carlos Rafael Rodríguez, Raúl Roa, Medardo Vitier, Fernando Ortiz, Emilio Roig de Leuchsenring. Métodos: En este estudio de Ramiro Guerra se hace una distinción de su producción intelectual en dos grandes líneas: los textos de contenido pedagógico y análisis crítico de la educación cubana y el ensayo historiográfico. Resultados: De manera puntual, el autor se detiene en el análisis de dos obras consideradas «menores» dentro de su faena historiográfica: Mudos testigos (1948) y Por las veredas del pasado (1957), las que demuestran la valiosa contribución de Ramiro Guerra a la historia social, regional y de la familia rural cubana entre finales del siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX. Conclusiones: Las conclusiones están encaminadas a situar a Ramiro Guerra en un lugar importantísimo dentro de la intelectualidad cubana del siglo XX y a comprender su vigencia en los estudios históricos cubanos

    El desarrollo institucional de la Iglesia aragonesa en los reinados de Ramiro I y Sancho Ramírez (1035-1094).

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    Este trabajo analiza la evolución histórica de los reinados de Ramiro I y Sancho Ramirez, incidiendo en las relaciones existentes con el ámbito eclesiástico y las reformas que se acontecieron. Desde la llegada de Ramiro I al establecimiento de su reinado, esta primera fase es mostrada como antecedentes, prolegómenos del fenómeno principal que es la llegada de Sancho Ramirez al trono y las relaciones llevadas a cabo con el papado. En esta primera fase, la de mayor extensión de esta obra, se exponen los hechos derivados del vasallaje de Sancho Ramirez ante San Pedro, la influencia de la reforma gregoriana, y cómo afectó a la estructura eclesiástica aragonesa, a través de cenobios, obispos y sedes episcopales. En este mismo segmento, también es reseñado el papel de los legados pontificios, su papel en las nuevas reformas que llegaban a Aragón y las crisis políticas y eclesiásticas que ocurrieron durante el reinado de Sancho Ramirez. En una segunda etapa, nos alejamos de los acontecimientos para ahondar en el fenómeno socioeconómico y cultural de los diezmos, sus rasgos, y su papel en las relaciones jerárquicas y en la revitalización eclesiástica amparada por la reforma gregoriana. Para terminar, se analiza otro de los temas más interesantes derivados de las reformas eclesiásticas del siglo XI, que fue la implantación del rito romano y la desaparición del rito hispano-mozárabe, un hecho de gran valor cultural para entender los designios unificadores de la reforma gregoriana. <br /

    Prevalencia de los trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo en el Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé de Huancayo (2011)

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    OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de los trastornos hipertensivos en el embatazo, en mujeres gestantes hospitalizadas en el Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé de Huancayo (2011). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, observacional, de corte transversal en el Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé de Huancayo del 01 de Enero al 31 de Diciembre del 2011. Durante el periodo de estudio, se atendió 2366 partos. Se encontró 170 embarazos complicados por trastornos hipertensivos. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una ficha elaborada con todas las variables de estudio.Tesi

    Ramiro Solis

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    Pre-Interview Questionnaire and Release For

    Habeas data: manejo de datos en el ámbito del derecho financiero y creditorio. Derecho de la intimidad, del honor y de la información

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    El formidable avance tecnológico que nos “invade” a velocidad creciente, ha producido un corrimiento de las fronteras de la intimidad de las personas. Hemos incursionado en la figura del Habeas Data, procurando demostrar la necesidad de que su implementación elimine la escisión, aún hoy, entre los derechos personalísimos y las personas como sus titulares. Para ello hemos remitido a prestigiosos autores que se han pronunciado al respecto, procurando citar a los que sustentan distintas interpretaciones, tratando de construir un hilo conductor que a través de todo el trabajo vaya demostrando la inconstitucionalidad de la comercialización de datos, sensibles o no sensibles, por parte de personas privadas, con fines de lucro y su relación con la intimidad. A partir de ello, hemos procurado mostrar que grado de defensa está disponible para los dueños de los datos, tomando en cuenta la prevalencia que debería existir de los derechos personales frente a los derechos patrimoniales. Recurrimos además a valiosa jurisprudencia, la cual muchas veces tiene su mayor valor por la manifestación en los votos disidentes, que por el fallo obtenido. El derecho comparado no estuvo ausente, ya que por tratarse de una figura que fue incorporada desde la legislación anglosajona y europea, nos permitió observar los principios y custodia de los derechos que han priorizado en su génesis, en contraste con las diferencias que nuestra legislación ostenta, a partir de criterios o valores distintos. Por último, hemos esbozado una posible solución, ya que su tratamiento excedería el presente trabajo, pero con la fuerza de que la experiencia del pasado cercano, cuando no existían los bancos de datos y el crédito era más extendido que en la actualidad, donde la intimidad era respetada y los riesgos crediticios suficientemente cubiertos. De lo que tratamos, en definitiva, fue analizar cómo este nuevo instituto repercute en la realidad cotidiana de las personas, más allá de las declamaciones constitucionales.Fil: Rosales Cuello, Ramiro. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Ramirez, Amelia. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Caruso, Horacio F. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentina
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