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Flere lærere i barnehage og skole: politisk konstruksjon av løsninger på lærermangel, WPR-analyse av et strategidokument for lærerrekruttering, med fokus på veiledning og karrieremestring
No full textSøkertallene til lærerutdanningene har stupt de siste årene, viser statistikken. Rammen til denne masteroppgaven er lærermangel som følge av færre søkere, men også som følge av at lærere forlater yrket. Denne rammen aktualiserer oppgavens problemstilling:
Hvilke problemrepresentasjoner kan identifiseres i dokumentet Flere lærere i barnehage og skole, Strategi for rekruttering av lærere til lærerutdanningene og læreryrke 2024-2030? - og hvordan påvirker disse forståelsen av veiledning og karrieremestring i læreryrket?
Gjennom oppgaven undersøker jeg hvordan lærermangel forstås politisk. Måten politikk forstår lærermangel på, er premissgivende for hvilke løsninger som velges på problemet. Jeg bruker diskursanalyse som metode, Bacchis WPR-analyseverktøy, til å undersøke dette. Gjennom seks forskningsspørsmål, ser jeg bakom det åpenbare problemet- lærermangel, og finner mekanismer, underliggende antakelser og verdier som dominerer som naturlige, har makt. Teoretisk rammeverk jeg bruker, er fra karriereveiledningsfeltet, i tillegg til samfunnsøkonomisk teori om humankapital og nyliberalistisk styring gjennom markedsprinsipper.
Hovedfunn i oppgaven er at strategidokumentet for rekrutteringen viderefører diskurs om økte krav i utdanningen, krav til kompetanse for å kunne konkurrere både om å være attraktive lærerutdanninger og attraktive arbeidsplasser. Individansvar for å lykkes med lærerkarriere er også fremtredende funn. Strukturelle forhold forties. Jeg finner at veiledningen av nyutdannede får sentral plass som løsning på rekruttering, men i realiteten får ikke alle nyutdannede veiledningen, og den gis innenfor en ramme på 6 % nedsatt undervisning det første arbeidsåret. Jeg setter spørsmålstegn ved veiledningens reelle funksjon og innhold, og ser en mulighet til å utvide handlingsrammen i diskursen til å inkludere karrierekompetanser i kollektive læringsprosesser som et tiltak for økt karrieremestring.The number of applicants to teacher education programs has plummeted in recent years, according to the statistics. The frame of this master's thesis is the teacher shortage resulting from fewer applicants, but also from teachers leaving the profession. This frame highlights the relevance of the thesis´ research question:
What problem representations can be identified in the document 'More Teachers in Kindergartens and Schools, Strategy for the Recruiting Teachers to Teacher Education and the Teaching Profession 2024-2030? - and how do these representations influence the understanding of guidance and career menagement in the teaching profession?
Through the assignment, I investigate how the teacher shortage is understood politically. The way politics understands teacher shortages is pivotal for which solutions are chosen regarding the problem. I use discourse analysis as a method, Bacchi's WPR analysis tool, to examine this. Through six research questions, I look behind the obvious problem—teacher shortages—and find mechanisms, underlying assumptions, and values that dominate as natural, is in power. The theoretical framework I use comes from the field of career guidance, in addition to socio-economic theory about human capital and neoliberal governance through market principles.
The main findings of the thesis are that the strategy document for recruitment continues the discourse on increased demands in education, requirements for competence to be able to compete for both attractive teacher education and attractive workplaces. Individual responsibility to succeed in a teaching career is also a prominent finding. Structural conditions are silenced. I find that the guidance of newly graduated teachers is given a central place as a part of solution to recruitment. However, in practise, not all newly graduated teachers receive guidance, and it is provided within a frame of 6% reduced teaching time in the first year of employment. I question the actual function and content of the guidance and see an opportunity to expand the frame in the discourse to include Career Management Skills in collective learning processes as a measure for increased career manegment
Examining the Lack of Consensus on the Minimum Wage
Get PDFThe economic impacts of minimum wage laws have been the subject of debate for over a century within the United States (US). This paper summarizes this and reviews the body of academic literature studying the effects of minimum wage laws, much of which center around their employment effects. This paper also examines how the ongoing debate can be attributed to factors that have not been as comprehensively reviewed, such as disagreements over politics, poverty, and impact on prices. The purpose of this paper is to achieve an understanding of the complexities surrounding the minimum wage and its overall implications. From this research, it is evident that various analyses of the minimum wage exist due to personal biases and interpretations of the data at hand, and therefore, a consensus is not possible
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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