44 research outputs found
Development of a hydroxyapatite reinforced, load-bearing scaffold for bone regeneration
No full textWith over 500,000 bone grafting procedures performed annually in the United States alone, the advancement of bone tissue regeneration has come to the forefront of medical research [1,2]. While native bone tissue does possess a limited ability to repair itself, surgical intervention is required for injuries with critical sized defects. Autografts and allografts are the accepted gold standard treatment options; however, their application is limited by donor site morbidity and disease transmission, respectively [2]. Although various tissue-engineered approaches have been explored to develop a viable synthetic bone graft substitute, a major challenge has been achieving a load-bearing design that can appropriately mimic the mechanical properties of native bone tissue [1]. To address the issue, this study focuses on using hydroxyapatite (HAp)—a calcium phosphate derivative similar to the inorganic mineral found in bone—to develop a structurally reinforced scaffold, which exhibits the mechanical properties of native whole bone. HAp packed into a cylindrical framework was processed under varying conditions (sintering time, sintering temperature, packing pressure, and hydroxyapatite grain size) to maximize its mechanical properties. The resulting HAp columns were further tested in a 6-week degradation study, to determine the physical and mechanical response of the columns under biological conditions. The cellular response of sintered HAp columns was determined using murine preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. Cell viability, metabolic activity, and morphology were studied over a one-week period. To structurally reinforce a composite trabecular and cortical bone scaffold that was previously developed in the MoTR Lab [1], Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to determine the columns’ geometric configuration and arrangement within the scaffold. Preliminary results indicate that the incorporation of a mechanically enhanced HAp structural support system is a promising step towards developing one of the first load-bearing bone scaffolds that can also promote osteoblastic and vascular differentiation.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Pushpendra Pankaj Pate
A Study on the Transmission Dynamics of the Omicron Variant of COVID-19 Using Nonlinear Mathematical Models
No full textDickson, S/0000-0002-4805-3502; S, Padmasekaran/0000-0002-8873-7853; S, Dickson/0000-0002-4805-3502; Kumar, Pushpendra/0000-0002-7755-2837This research examines the transmission dynamics of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 using SEIQIcRVW and SQIRV models, considering the delay in converting susceptible individuals into infected ones. The significant delays eventually resulted in the pandemic's containment. To ensure the safety of the host population, this concept integrates quarantine and the COVID-19 vaccine. We investigate the stability of the proposed models. The fundamental reproduction number influences stability conditions. According to our findings, asymptomatic cases considerably impact the prevalence of Omicron infection in the community. The real data of the Omicron variant from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, is used to validate the outputs.Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University [PSAU/2023/R/1444]; Periyar University, Salem [PU/AD-3/URF/21F37237/2021]; DST [SR/FST/MSI-115/2016]This study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Project Number (PSAU/2023/R/1444) . The first author is partially supported by the University Research Fellowship (PU/AD-3/URF/21F37237/2021 dated 09.11.2021) of Periyar University, Salem. The second author is supported by the fund for improvement of Science and Technology Infrastructure (FIST) of DST (SR/FST/MSI-115/2016)
A novel L1-Predictor-Corrector method for the numerical solution of the generalized-Caputo type fractional differential equations
No full textS M, Sivalingam/0000-0003-0818-9007; Kumar, Pushpendra/0000-0002-7755-2837This paper proposes a novel L1 -based predictor-corrector method for the fractional differential equations involving generalized-Caputo type derivative. A decomposition scheme is used to obtain the three-point predictor-corrector formula. The error and stability of the proposed method are given in detail. A computer virus and a five-dimensional Hopfield neural network models are solved using the proposed approach.UGC NFOBC Ph.D. Fellowship, India [[202122]-TN13000109]; National Board for Higher Mathematics (NBHM), Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India [02011/18/2023 NBHM (R.P)/ RD II/5952]The first author received the financial support of UGC NFOBC Ph.D. Fellowship, India (Ref. [202122]-TN13000109). V. Govindaraj would like to thank the National Board for Higher Mathematics (NBHM), Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, for funding the research project (File No. 02011/18/2023 NBHM (R.P)/ R & D II/5952) All authors approved the version of the manuscript to be published
Response on Phenological, Fruiting Behaviour and Growth Characteristics of F1 Candidates Rootstock Seedlings of Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]
No full textAim: The aim of present study was to evaluate the flowering and fruiting behaviour of different variety of peach, plum along with growth characteristics of their F1 hybrids and identification hybrid rootstocks for future genetic improvement.
Study Design: The experiment was designed in Randomized Block Design Factorial with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Rootstock hybridization programme were carried out at main fruit research station Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2016-17 and 2017-18.
Methodology: Rootstock hybridization programme were carried out with three varieties two peach namely Sharbati and Flordaguard and one plum Kala amritsari and study the phenological, fruiting behavior and growth performance of seedlings of parents and F1 hybrids.
Results: Higher days from full bloom to maturity take by Sharbati × Flordaguard (129.4 Days) and minimum in Kala amritsari × Flordaguard (111.1 Days). For completion of stratification seeds of Sharbati and Sharbati × Flordaguard took maximum days for stratification (90-105 Days and 30-105 Days, respectively) and minimum in Flordaguard (30-60 Days). Seed germination % higher in Flordaguard (97.15%) and minimum in Sharbati × Kala amritsari (70.81%). Pollen viability in stored and fresh pollen was highest in Flordaguard (96.26 and 97.58%), while, minimum in Sharbati (90.89% and 96.60%). Leaf colour values (L, a, b, chroma and hue) maximum were in Sharbati and minimum in Flordaguard and leaf colour values of both hybrids, were as Flordaguard. Maximum chlorophyll (SPAD units) were recorded in Flordaguard × Sharbati (42.87) which was at par with the SAPD values of Sharbati × Flordaguard. Leaves of Flordaguard and both the hybrids showed dark reddish green colour on upper and light reddish green in lower side of leaves. Seedlings of Sharbati, Sharbati × Flordaguard and Flordaguard × Sharbati showed better growth characteristics as compares to seedlings of Flordaguard.
Conclusion: The advance candidate hybrid rootstocks may be useful for further exploitation for genetic improvement and development of rootstock with good nursery characters.</jats:p
Water mediated synthesis of pyrano[2, 3-c]pyrazoles using L-histidine as an effective catalyst
No full text
From biogenesis to biomarkers: the role of piRNAs and PIWI proteins in cervical cancer and beyond
No full textAbstract Cervical cancer remains one of the most prevalent gynecological malignancies worldwide, primarily caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus. Despite advances in screening and vaccination, cervical cancer continues to be the second most common cancer among women, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, due to limited access to affordable and effective diagnostic and preventive tools. In addition to human papillomavirus, genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations play a crucial role in the transformation of normal cervical cells into cancerous ones. Emerging evidence highlights the significance of chromatin remodeling factors, which rely on regulatory signals for target specificity. Among these, PIWI proteins and their associated PIWI-interacting RNAs have been identified as key players in gene regulation and epigenetic modulation. These molecules are increasingly recognized for their role in cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence. Furthermore, with the advent of liquid biopsy technologies, the demand for reliable and minimally invasive biomarkers has grown. PIWI proteins and piRNAs have shown promise as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, capable of distinguishing between early and advanced stages of cervical cancer. This review highlights the functional relevance of the PIWI/piRNA pathway in cervical carcinogenesis and explores its potential application in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting of cervical cancer. In conclusion, piRNAs and PIWI proteins play significant roles in cervical cancer development, progression, and stemness. They show promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as novel therapeutic targets, but further research is required to translate these findings into clinical practice
