1,720,968 research outputs found

    Setting DOCR Adaptif Pada Sistem Distribusi Dengan Pembangkit Tersebar Mengggunakan Agoritma PSO-Neural Network

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    Untuk merancang koordinasi proteksi sistem distribusi pasif tidak begitu sulit, sedangkan pada sistem distribusi aktif atau jaringan yang terdiri dari pembangkit tersebar (DG) cukup menantang bagi teknisi proteksi. Selain itu, arus hubung singkat juga akan bervariasi jika ada DG pada sistem, sehingga perlu mengkoordinasikan kembali proteksi rele di sistem tersebut. Untuk mengatur ulang proteksi rele, para teknisi membutuhkan lebih banyak waktu. Namun untuk mengurangi waktu perhitungan pengaturan rele, koordinasi proteksi adaptif dan optimal diusulkan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan Particle Swam Optimization dan Artificial Neural Network (PSO-ANN). Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi pembangkitan, Arus hubung singkat dan arus nominal yang mengalir sebagai data masukan dan low setting directional overcurent relay (DOCR) hasil optimalisasi PSO sebagai data target. ANN yang digunakan adalah Backpropagration conjugate gradient(BCG). Penelitian ini diujicoba pada sistem loop IEEE 9 bus yang dimodifikasi dan dilengkapi dengan DG. Setelah mencapai konvergen proses pembelajaran BCG, akan didapatkan nilai bobot dan bias hasil pelatihan dan nantinya sebagai nilai acuan untuk mendapatkan nilai setting low set rele.proses tersebut akan menghasilkan setting rele secara otomatis berdasarkan hasil optimalisasi dan latihan PSO-ANN. Hasil penelitian ini telah dibuktikan dalam simulasi ETAP yang berhasil dan jelas bahwa algoritma PSO-ANN merupakan metode yang cocok untuk memodelkan sistem koordinasi relay adaptif dan optimal. ==================================================================== To design the coordination protection for passive distribution system is not the tough work, while active or mesh distribution system which consists many distributed generators is quite more challenge for protection engineers. Additionally, the short circu it current will also vary if any DG in the system is offline, which causes to re - coordinate the relay protection in the system. To reset the relay protection, the engineers need more time. However, in order to reduce the time of relay setting calculation, the adaptive and optimization protection coordination is proposed in this study by using Particle Swam Optimization and artificial neural network (PSO-ANN). The study bases on the combinations of DGs’ state and the current levels as the input data and low setting of the directional overcurrent relays(DOCR) from output PSO as the target data training. ANN used is Backpropagation conjugate gradient(BCG). This research is conducted on modified IEEE 9-bus system equipped with distributed generators. After rea ching convergence of BCG learning process, the results of weights and biases as reference to get value setting low set relay. It will generate the relay setting automatically base on the results of PSO-ANN. The results of this res earch has been testified in ETAP simulation successfully and it is obvious that PSO-ANN is a robust method to model adaptive relay coordination system with optimal relay operation time

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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