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Batas usia balig dengan ketercapaian tujuan pernikahan: Analisis tafsir Al-Wajīz karya Wahbah al-Zuhaili dan tafsir Karīmir-Raḥmān fī tafsīr Kalāmil-Mannān karya Abdurrahman bin Nashir As-Sa’di
Full text linkINDONESIA:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep batas usia balig dalam kaitannya dengan ketercapaian tujuan pernikahan melalui penafsiran ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an menurut dua kitab tafsir kontemporer, yaitu Al-Wajīz karya Wahbah al-Zuhaili dan Tafsīr Karīmir-Raḥmān karya Abdurrahman bin Nashir As-Sa‘di. Fokus utama kajian ini adalah pada bagaimana kedua mufasir memahami makna balig dalam Surah An-Nisā’ ayat 6, An-Nūr ayat 59, Al-Aḥqāf ayat 15, dan Al-Qaṣaṣ ayat 15, serta bagaimana makna tersebut berkaitan dengan kesiapan seseorang dalam menjalankan kehidupan rumah tangga yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research (kajian pustaka) serta pendekatan tafsir tematik (maudhū‘ī) serta teori Double movement dari Fazlur Rahman untuk menjembatani antara makna tekstual dalam konteks historis dengan relevansi sosial kontemporer.
Dalam penafsiran Wahbah al-Zuhaili, balig ditandai secara biologis dan rasional yakni dengan kematangan fisik, kemampuan mengelola harta, serta kesiapan bertanggung jawab dalam kehidupan rumah tangga. Sementara itu, Abdurrahman as-Sa‘di menekankan dimensi spiritual dan moral dari balig, yaitu kesiapan menjalankan kewajiban agama dan membentuk keluarga berdasarkan nilai-nilai keislaman. Keduanya sepakat bahwa balig bukan semata-mata usia atau tanda fisik, tetapi harus disertai kematangan berpikir dan emosional yang dapat menjamin keberhasilan sebuah pernikahan.
Temuan utama dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mengenai batas usia balig tidak dapat dipandang secara tunggal dan legalistik. Balig harus dipahami secara multidimensional, mencakup aspek biologis, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual. Hal ini penting agar pernikahan yang dilaksanakan mampu memenuhi tujuan-tujuan luhur seperti membentuk keluarga yang sakīnah, mawaddah, dan raḥmah. Dengan demikian, pendekatan interpretatif terhadap ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dapat memberikan solusi kontekstual yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan zaman dan tantangan sosial modern.
Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi kontribusi dalam diskursus hukum Islam mengenai usia pernikahan yang ideal. Pendekatan Double movement memberikan ruang ijtihad baru untuk melihat ulang kebijakan batas usia pernikahan secara lebih adil dan maslahat, terutama dalam rangka melindungi anak-anak dari praktik pernikahan dini yang merugikan. Hasil kajian ini relevan sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi legislator, ulama, maupun lembaga sosial dalam merumuskan kebijakan pernikahan yang tidak hanya sah secara agama, tetapi juga menjamin kemaslahatan dan keberlangsungan keluarga dalam jangka panjang.
This research aims to examine the concept of the age of maturity (baligh) in relation to the fulfillment of marriage objectives, through the interpretation of specific Qur'anic verses by two prominent contemporary classical exegetes: Wahbah al-Zuhaili in Al-Wajīz and Abdurrahman bin Nashir as-Sa‘di in Tafsīr Karīmir-Raḥmān. The primary focus lies in how both scholars interpret the notion of baligh in Surah An-Nisā’ [4]:6, An-Nūr [24]:59, Al-Aḥqāf [46]:15, and Al-Qaṣaṣ [28]:15, and how these interpretations correlate with an individual's readiness to engage in marital life according to Islamic principles. This study employs a library research and a thematic (maudhū‘ī) approach to tafsir and applies Fazlur Rahman’s Double movement theory to bridge the textual meanings of the Qur'an with their relevance to contemporary social contexts.
ENGLISH:
According to Wahbah al-Zuhaili, baligh is marked by biological and rational maturity defined by physical development, the ability to manage wealth, and readiness to assume responsibility within family life. In contrast, Abdurrahman as-Sa‘di emphasizes the spiritual and moral dimensions of baligh, highlighting one's preparedness to fulfill religious duties and build a family based on Islamic values. Both interpretations converge on the understanding that baligh is not merely a matter of age or physical signs but must include intellectual and emotional maturity to ensure the success of a marriage.
The main findings of this study reveal that the understanding of baligh should not be viewed in a singular or strictly legalistic sense. Rather, it must be approached as a multidimensional concept that includes biological, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. This comprehensive understanding is essential for marriages to achieve noble objectives such as forming a household characterized by peace (sakīnah), love (mawaddah), and mercy (raḥmah). Thus, a contextual and interpretive approach to Qur’anic verses can offer constructive solutions to modern social challenges.
This study is expected to contribute to the discourse on Islamic legal thought concerning the ideal age of marriage. The Double movement approach opens new avenues for ijtihad (independent reasoning), enabling a reevaluation of marriage age regulations in a way that promotes justice and public welfare. These findings are particularly relevant for legislators, scholars, and social institutions in formulating policies that ensure marriages are not only religiously valid but also capable of securing the long-term well-being and sustainability of family life
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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