86 research outputs found
Kurumsal sektör ile kapsayıcı kalkınma: sosyal girişimcilik ile daha güçlü kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve daha sağlıklı kurumsal sektör
No full textGovernments and welfare organisations like United Nations Organisation have to a great degree failed in bringing peace, prosperity and inclusive development to our ailing world. It’s time to invite the corporate sector that is capable of substantial development to step in the inclusive development process that will lead to prosperous future for all. But the evils in the corporate arena are spreading fast, innumerable recent researches in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) prove that the gap between the display of CSR principles on papers and their actual application is widening day by day leading to frauds, mounting corruption and coercion in business spheres. Many corporate bodies are accused of behaving unethically including issues like inadequate salaries to employees, social suppression, killings, detrimental behaviour towards nature, etc. The narrowing corporate goal for an inclusive development is turning into a demonic and immoral money making throat-cut competition. This article focusses on the concepts of CSR and Social Entrepreneurship, various corporate failures and their reasons, and suggests the use of CSR principles through Social Entrepreneurship to make corporate bodies fit to be invited for inclusive development projects.Hükümetler ve Birleşmiş Milletler gibi refah örgütleri; dünyamıza barış, refah ve kapsayıcı bir kalkınma sunmada büyük başarısızlığa uğradı. Bundan dolayı toplumların bütün kesimini kapsayacak uygun bir kalkınma planı ortaya koymak için gelişme yeteneğine sahip kurumsal sektörün sürece dahil edilme zamanı. Ancak kurumsal alandaki yozlaşma hızla artıyor. Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk (KSS) alanında yapılan birçok yeni araştırmaya göre; KSS prensiplerinin kağıt üzerinde kaldığı ve fiili uygulamaya yansıtılamadığı, iş alanlarında yolsuzluk ve zorlamaların arttığı, bundan dolayı prensipler ile uygulama arasındaki farkın günden güne arttığı sonucu ortaya çıkıyor. Birçok kurumsal organ, çalışanlara yetersiz maaş, sosyal baskı, cinayet, doğaya yönelik zararlı davranışlar vb. konuları içeren etik olmayan davranışlarda bulunmakla suçlanıyor. Kapsayıcı bir gelişme için daraltılmış kurumsal hedef, boğaz kesimli rekabeti yaratan şeytani ve ahlaki olmayan bir para kazanma aracına dönüşüyor. Bu makale KSS ve Sosyal Girişimcilik kavramlarına odaklanarak kurumsal sektördeki başarısızlıkları ve bu başarısızlıklara sebep olan nedenleri ortaya koyuyor. Sosyal girişimcilik yoluyla yürütülecek olan kalkınma temelli projelerin KSS ilkeleri temel alınarak uygulanmasını öneriyor
Ganoderic Acid for Anticancer Applications: Scope of Nanomedicine in Its Effective Delivery
No full textYükseköğretim kurumlarında gelir çeşitlendirmesi: Sistematik literatür taraması
No full textThis study aims to screen the revenue diversification strategies of higher education institutions worldwide. It will shed light on the academic discussion on various ways of income generation and related trends in the context of universities. This paper employs a systematic literature review (SLR) method using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The timeframe included in the study is from 2004 to 2024. With each category revealing critical features of revenue diversification strategies in higher education, this analysis has found five dominant themes in the selected literature. While the available literature was selected through keyword entries to save time and effort, only peer-reviewed articles were included, avoiding other potential sources such as books and doctoral dissertations related to the field. Researchers, policy makers, and managers concerned with revenue diversification in higher education can benefit from this study, as it strives to identify gaps in the field, provide suggestions for better implementation of RD strategies, and facilitate insights into regulation improvements. This research can help scientists concentrate on the research gaps by providing synthesized knowledge about income diversification in higher education, as it utilizes the SLR method, which is crucial for integrating and showcasing the scientific evidence emerging from quantitative and qualitative literature.Bu çalışma, dünya genelindeki yükseköğretim kurumlarının gelir çeşitlendirme stratejilerini taramayı amaçlamaktadır. Üniversiteler bağlamında çeşitli gelir yaratma yolları ve ilgili eğilimler hakkındaki akademik tartışmalara ışık tutacaktır. Bu çalışmada, Web of Science ve Scopus veri tabanları kullanılarak sistematik literatür taraması (SLR) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen zaman dilimi 2004'ten 2024'e kadardır. Yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirme stratejilerinin kritik özelliklerini ortaya koyan her bir kategori ile bu analiz, seçilen literatürde beş baskın tema bulmuştur. Mevcut literatürün seçimi, zamandan ve emekten tasarruf etmek için anahtar kelime girişleri yoluyla yapılırken, alanla ilgili kitaplar ve doktora tezleri gibi diğer potansiyel kaynaklardan kaçınarak yalnızca hakemli makaleler dahil edilmiştir. Yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirmesi alanıyla ilgilenen araştırmacılar, karar mercileri ve yöneticiler, alandaki boşlukları tespit etmeye çalıştığı, RD stratejilerinin daha iyi uygulanmasına yönelik öneriler sunduğu ve düzenlemelerdeki iyileştirmelere yönelik içgörüleri kolaylaştırdığı için bu çalışmadan faydalanabilir. Bu araştırma, nicel ve nitel literatürden ortaya çıkan bilimsel kanıtları bütünleştirmek ve sergilemek için çok önemli olan SLR yöntemini kullandığından, yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirmesi hakkında sentezlenmiş bilgi sağlayarak bilim insanlarının araştırma boşluklarına odaklanmasına yardımcı olabilir
Public-private partnership for corporate social responsibility (CSR-PPP): a focus on Turkey
No full textTez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Kaynakça var.The thesis study begins with the explanation of concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Public-Private Partnership (PPP), their advantages and constraints with various examples from many parts of the world and goes on to describe the concept of Public-Private Partnership for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR-PPP). Furthermore, examples of some CSR-PPP cases from Italy and India helped get a better insight into the concept of CSR-PP. The main aims of this study is to screen and analyze the CSR-PPP situation in Turkey, the study is divided into three parts i.e. the existing knowledge about the topic of CSR-PPP, the current CSR-PPP situation in Turkey and the future CSR-PPP trends and expectation in Turkey. The concept of CSR-PPP is a new concept with a relatively low amount of resource literature. Since the available secondary data on CSR-PPP is scarce and insufficient to successfully meet the purpose of this study, primary data through interviews is obtained. A total of three interviews were conducted. All the interviewees belonged to different sectors. The first interviewee had worked as Deputy General Manager for Transport, Eurasia Tunnel Project and is also an assistant professor in the department of Civil Engineering at Istanbul Commerce University. The second interviewee is the Deputy Tendering Manager at Özgün Construction Pvt. Ltd. The third and the last interviewee is the president of a PPP consultancy – Public-Private Partnership Center of Excellence (PPPCoE). The findings suggested that the practice of CSR-PPP is new in Turkey although many projects like CSR-PPP exist in Turkey and their number is supposed to increase in future. At the end, the study gives insightful recommendations in order to create better CSR-PPPs in future and also explains the limitations and future areas of research.Bu tez çalışması Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk (CSR) ve Kamu-Özel İşbirliği (PPP) kavramlarının, dünyanın birçok yerinden çeşitli örnekler üzerinden imkanlarının ve sınırlılıklarının açıklanması ile başlayıp Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk için Kamu-Özel İşbirliği (CSR-PPP) kavramının tanımı ile devam etmektedir. Bunun yanında, bu tezde İtalya ve Hindistan’dan bazı CSR-PPP örnekleri, CSR-PPP kavramı hakkında daha iyi bir fikir edinilmesine yardımcı olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye'deki CSR-PPP durumunu göstermek ve analiz etmektir. Bu çalışma 3 parçaya ayrılmış durumdadır; CSR-PPP konusu hakkındaki mevcut bilgiler, Türkiye’de CSR-PPP meselesinin güncel durumu ve CSR-PPP’nin geleceği üzerine Türkiye’deki eğilimler ve beklentiler. CSR-PPP kavramı, literatürde görece az miktarda kaynağa sahip yeni bir kavramdır. CSR-PPP’deki mevcut ikincil veriler sınırlı ve bu çalışmanın amacını başarılı bir şekilde karşılamak için yetersiz olduğundan, görüşmeler yoluyla birincil veriler elde edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda toplam üç görüşme yapılmıştır. Görüşülen tüm kişiler farklı sektörlerden seçilmiştir. İlk görüşmeci Avrasya Tünel Projesi’nde ulaştırma genel müdür yardımcısı olarak çalışmıştır ve aynı zamanda İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi İnşaat Mühendisliği bölümünde yardımcı doçent olarak görev almaktadır. İkinci görüşmeci, Özgün İnşaat’ta ihale müdür yardımcısı olarak çalışmaktadır. Üçüncü ve son görüşmeci Kamu-Özel İşbirliği Mükemmellik Derneği’nin (PPPCoE) başkanıdır. Bulgular, Türkiye'de CSR-PPP gibi birçok proje bulunmasına rağmen CSR-PPP uygulamasının burada yeni olduğunu ve gelecekte de bu uygulamaların sayısının artması beklendiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma gelecekte daha iyi CSR-PPP’ler oluşturmak için birtakım önemli tavsiyelerde bulunarak araştırmanın sınırlılıklarını ve gelecekteki alanlarını açıklamaktadır.TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ... 1
CHAPTER 2 THE CONCEPT OF CSR ... 3
2.1 Defining CSR ... 3
2.1.1 CSR: Now and Then ... 4
2.1.2 CSR before 1950 ... 4
2.1.3 CSR after 1950 ... 5
2.2 CSR Theories ... 8
2.2.1 Shareholder Value Theory ... 8
2.2.2 Stakeholder Theory ... 9
2.2.3 Corporate Citizenship ... 12
2.2.4 CSR Pyramid ... 14
2.2.4.1 Economic Responsibilities ... 15
2.2.4.2 Legal Responsibilities ... 15
2.2.4.3 Ethical Responsibilities ... 15
2.2.4.4 Philanthropic Responsibilities ... 16
2.3 Elements of CSR ... 16
2.3.1 Business Ethics ... 16
2.3.2 Sustainable Development ... 17
2.3.3 Corporate Governance ... 17
2.3.4 Environmental Consciousness ... 18
2.3.5 Working with and for the communities ... 18
2.3.6 Better Work Conditions and Labor Relations ... 18
2.3.7 Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) ... 19
CHAPTER 3 THE CONCEPT OF PPP ... 20
3.1 Defining public-private partnership ... 23
3.2 Nature of PPPs ... 24
3.3 Components of PPPs ... 25
3.3.1 Public partner ... 26
3.3.2 Private partner ... 26
3.3.3 Members of the public ... 27
3.3.4 PPP agreement -private partnerships ... 27
3.4 Models of public-private partnerships ... 28
3.4.1 Design, build, operate and finance (DBOF) ... 28
3.4.2 Design, build, finance, and transfer (DBFT) ... 29
3.4.3 Design, build, finance, own, and operate (DBFOO) ... 29
3.4.4 Concession ... 30
3.4.5 Joint venture ... 30
3.5 Purposes of PPPs ... 30
3.5.1 Achievement of value for money ... 31
3.5.2 PPPs enhance quality of public service delivery ... 31
3.5.3 Innovative and creative approaches ... 32
3.5.4 Harnessing resources ... 32
3.5.5 Reduction in scope of government ... 33
3.5.6 Stimulate financial assistance ... 33
3.5.7 Risk Management ... 34
3.5.7.1 Market risks ... 35
3.5.7.2 Changes in legislation ... 35
3.5.7.3 Obsolete technology ... 35
3.5.7.4 Specifications ... 35
3.5.7.5 Operating risks ... 35
3.5.7.6 Asset risk ... 36
3.5.7.7 Construction risk ... 36
3.5.7.8 Demand risk ... 36
3.6 Key Complex Issues in PPP Projects ... 36
3.6.1 Economic ... 36
3.6.2 Risks ... 37
3.6.3 Governance ... 37
3.7 PPP Worldwide ... 38
3.7.1 The Case for Europe ... 38
3.7.2 The Case for Asia ... 38
3.7.3 The Case for Western and Central Africa ... 39
3.7.4 The Case for Southern Africa ... 39
3.7.5 The Case for America ... 40
3.8 Few PPP projects and their success stories ... 41
3.8.1 Perpignan-Figueres rail link ... 41
3.8.2 Argentina’s PPPs ... 42
3.8.3 Channel tunnel PPP ... 42
3.8.4 Madrid-Barajas subway PPP ... 43
3.8.5 Canada line PPP ... 43
3.8.6 Gautang rapid rail link ... 43
3.8.7 Denver PPP ... 44
3.9 Advantages of PPP ... 44
3.9.1 Eases development of large infrastructure plans ... 45
3.9.2 Ensures smooth management of projects ... 45
3.9.3 More relief to governments ... 45
3.9.4 Paves way for a sharp control of costs and deadlines ... 45
3.9.5 Provides innovative ways to ease difficulties ... 45
3.9.6 Results oriented efforts ... 46
3.9.7 Dividing projects into stages ... 46
3.9.8 Develops long term relationships ... 46
3.9.9 Ability to satisfy the needs of masses ... 46
3.10 Some obstacles to a successful PPP ... 47
3.10.1 Contractual Incompleteness ... 47
3.10.2 Regulatory and Contract Management Capture ... 47
3.10.3 Transfer of costs to SPVs ... 47
3.10.4 Giant capital expenditure ... 48
3.10.5 Inability to a concrete forecasting ... 48
3.10.6 Defying the aim of higher value for money (VfM) ... 48
3.10.7 Huge transaction costs ... 48
3.10.8 Complex decision making processs ... 48
CHAPTER 4 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY (CSR-PPP) ... 50
CHAPTER 5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 61
5.1 Research Design ... 61
5.2 Qualitative Interviews ... 61
5.3 Selecting Participants ... 63
5.4 Data Analysis ... 69
CHAPTER 6 FINDINGS ... 70
6.1 Basic Understanding of the concept of CSR-PPP in Turkey ... 70
6.1.1 Primary purpose of a business organization/corporation ... 70
6.1.2 Meaning of CSR-PPP ... 70
6.2 Current situation CSR-PPP in Turkey ... 71
6.2.1 Past CSR-PPP attitude ... 71
6.2.2 Effects of Personal Values of the top executives on CSR-PPP ... 71
6.2.3 Main Deterrents and Motivations for CSR-PPP projects ... 72
6.2.4 CSR-PPP and Environment ... 73
6.2.5 Transparency in CSR-PPP projects ... 73
6.2.6 Achieving both economic and social interests through CSR-PPP ... 74
6.2.7 Overcoming CSR-PPP challenges/achieving collaborative advantage ... 75
6.2.8 Role of broker organizations/intermediaries ... 75
6.2.9 Main aim of CSR-PPP in Turkey ... 76
6.2.10 Support to the 17th Sustainable Development Goal 2030 ... 77
6.3 Future trends and expectations regarding CSR-PPP projects ... 77
6.4 Graphical interpretation of current and future CSR-PPP trends in Turkey and its support to
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 ... 78
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION ... 82
APPENDIX 1: OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS ... 86
APPENDIX 2: CLOSED-ENDED QUESTIONS ... 88
REFERENCES ... 9
New Paradigms in the Treatment of Skin Infections: Lipid Nanocarriers to the Rescue
No full textLipid nanocarriers can be an effective drug delivery system for the treatment of skin infections by overcoming the pitfalls associated with conventional topical formulations and offer various advantages such as improved skin permeability, targeted delivery, minimal side effects, increased solubility and bioavailability. The major hurdle in current scenario is antimicrobial resistance which has led to treatment failure and high mortality. Lipid nanocarriers, in this context can be instrumental in the successful eradication of drug-resistant strains in the skin by fusing with cell membrane of infectious microbes and providing an intimate contact and delivering the anti-infective agent directly to the target site. Various lipid-based carriers include liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, microemulsion and nanoemulsion. This book chapter summarizes in brief the skin structure and various type of skin infections and then comprehensively describes various lipid nanocarriers and their application in the treatment of cutaneous infections
Holistic Approaches to managing female infertility: A comprehensive review
No full textBackground: Female infertility is a multifactorial condition influenced by hormonal imbalances, metabolic disorders, and lifestyle factors. Conventional allopathic treatments, while effective, often have limitations, prompting interest in holistic approaches that integrate diet therapy, physical activity, lifestyle modifications, and medicinal plants.
Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of holistic approaches in managing female infertility, focusing on diet, exercise, lifestyle changes, herbal remedies, and allopathic treatments.
Methods; A systematic review of literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies exploring the role of diet, exercise, medicinal plants, and conventional therapies in improving female fertility outcomes were analyzed.
Results: Holistic management strategies for female infertility encompass: (1) Diet Therapy- Nutrient-rich diets, emphasizing antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and low glycemic index foods, improve hormonal balance and reproductive function, (2) Exercise and Lifestyle Modifications – Regular physical activity, stress reduction, and weight management enhance fertility by regulating ovulation and reducing inflammation, (3) Medicinal Plants- Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)- Adaptogenic properties reduce stress-related infertility. Manjistha/majeeith (Rubia cordifolia)- Detoxifies the body and improves uterine health. Kalonji (Nigella sativa)- Enhances ovarian function and hormonal balance. Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus)- Supports hormonal regulation and uterine health. Asarun (Asarum europaeum)- Improves menstrual cycle regulation. Ashoka (Saraca asoca)- Strengthens the endometrium and alleviates menstrual disorders, and (4) Allopathic Interventions-Hormonal therapies, ovulation-inducing drugs, and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) remain primary treatments, but their effectiveness improves when combined with holistic strategies.
Conclusion: A holistic approach integrating diet therapy, lifestyle changes, medicinal plants, and allopathic treatments provides a promising strategy for managing female infertility. Future research should focus on clinical validation of herbal remedies and the synergistic effects of integrative treatments.
Keywords: Female infertility, holistic approach, medicinal plants, diet therapy, lifestyle modification, allopathic treatmen
Nanotechnology-based inhalation treatments for lung cancer: state of the art
No full textJaved Ahmad,1,* Sohail Akhter,2,3,* Md Rizwanullah,1 Saima Amin,1 Mahfoozur Rahman,4 Mohammad Zaki Ahmad,5 Moshahid Alam Rizvi,6 Mohammad A Kamal,7 Farhan Jalees Ahmad1,21Department of Pharmaceutics, 2Nanomedicine Research Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 3Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire(CBM)-CNRS UPR4301, University of Orléans, Orléans Cedex 2, France; 4Department of Pharmaceutics, Abhilashi College of Pharmacy, Mandi, HP, India; 5Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; 7Metabolomics and Enzymology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: Considering the challenges associated with conventional chemotherapy, targeted and local delivery of chemotherapeutics via nanoparticle (NP) carriers to the lungs is an emerging area of interest. Recent studies and growing clinical application in cancer nanotechnology showed the huge potential of NPs as drug carriers in cancer therapy, including in lung carcinoma for diagnosis, imaging, and theranostics. Researchers have confirmed that nanotechnology-based inhalation chemotherapy is viable and more effective than conventional chemotherapy, with lesser side effects. Recently, many nanocarriers have been investigated, including liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric NPs, solid lipid NPs, and inorganic NPs for inhalation treatments of lung cancer. Yet, the toxicity of such nanomaterials to the lungs tissues and further distribution to other organs due to systemic absorption on inhalation delivery is a debatable concern. Here, prospect of NPs-based local lung cancer targeting through inhalation route as well as its associated challenges are discussed.Keywords: nanoparticles, lung cancer, inhalational chemotherapy, drug targeting, nanotoxicit
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