11 research outputs found
The Importance of The Ijoza System in The Process of Teaching and Education by Mahmud Zamakhshari
Full text linkThis article is based in one of the scientific legacies by Mahmud Zamakhshari on the work on spiritual education and morality "Atvaq uz-zahab fil-mawo'iz val-khutab" ("Golden Necklaces of teachings and exhortations") and the transmission of knowledge, the exhortation to know its documents and evidence. Az-Zamahshari's request for knowledge refers to his travels to Bukhara, Khorasan, Damascus, Iraq, and the Hijaz, where he received permission from his teachers for various books and sciences, as well as the permission given by the scholar to many of his students. At the same time, a sample of Zamakhshari's authorized letters (letters ijaza) is given. At the end of our article, we will focus on some important and necessary golden advices in the spiritual education of students from the work of the great scholar Mahmud Zamakhshari "Atvaq uz-zahab fil-mawaiz val-khutab". </p
Epidemiological characteristics of elderly population receiving pre-hospital emergency care after road traffic injuries in Punjab, Pakistan
No full textBackground: Every year, 1.3 million lives are lost to road traffic injuries (RTIs). 90% of these deaths disproportionately occur in Lower-Middle Income Countries (LMICs). Due to frailty and reduced physiological resilience, elderly populations are at higher risk of RTIs and poor outcomes, versus younger populations. Further, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global elderly population will double by 2050, indicating that this group will be at an even higher risk of RTIS.Objectives: Our study aims to utilize Emergency Medical Services (EMS) data to better understand the trends, types, injuries, patient characteristics, and outcomes of RTIs involving the elderly, ultimately contributing to more targeted and effective road safety policies and interventions.Methods: We analyzed secondary EMS data during 2022 and 2023 from the Emergency Services Department (Rescue 1122) in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. RTI data in patients aged ≥ 65 years was extracted from the database for age, gender, education, response time, injury type, RTI victim type, location of injury, and victim outcome. Multivariable analysis was carried out using multiple logistic regression to obtain an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval for on-scene mortality.Results: From 4.2 million EMS activations, data on 34,345 RTIs in elderly patients was analyzed. Patients had a mean age of 70.12 years, and 77% (26,608) were males. The most common injury type was soft tissue injury (24,166; 70.36%), followed by limb injury (5,126; 14.9%), and head injury (2,590; 7.5%). Most victims suffered injuries as passengers (11,396; 37.2%). The mean response time was 7.19 minutes, and the on-scene mortality rate was 1.3% (443). The odds of on-scene mortality increased with increasing response time (AOR: 1.05, CI: 1.04-1.07), while an increase in the degree of urbanization was associated with decreasing odds of on-scene mortality (AOR: 0.99, CI: 0.98-0.99). Head injuries (OR: 24.49, CI: 20.11-29.93) and pedestrian injuries (Adjusted OR: 1.40, CI: 1.06-1.84) were strongly associated with on-scene mortality.Conclusion: Our study revealed that head and pedestrian injuries emerged as key factors for on-scene mortality in elderly patients of Punjab, Pakistan. These findings necessitate targeted interventions to encourage a rapid pre-hospital response to lower on-scene mortality rates
The Importance of The Ijoza System in The Process of Teaching and Education by Mahmud Zamakhshari
Full text linkThis article is based in one of the scientific legacies by Mahmud Zamakhshari on the work on spiritual education and morality "Atvaq uz-zahab fil-mawo'iz val-khutab" ("Golden Necklaces of teachings and exhortations") and the transmission of knowledge, the exhortation to know its documents and evidence. Az-Zamahshari's request for knowledge refers to his travels to Bukhara, Khorasan, Damascus, Iraq, and the Hijaz, where he received permission from his teachers for various books and sciences, as well as the permission given by the scholar to many of his students. At the same time, a sample of Zamakhshari's authorized letters (letters ijaza) is given. At the end of our article, we will focus on some important and necessary golden advices in the spiritual education of students from the work of the great scholar Mahmud Zamakhshari "Atvaq uz-zahab fil-mawaiz val-khutab".
On molecular topological properties of benzenoid structures
Full text linkThe degree-based topological indices correlate certain physico-chemical properties such as boiling point, strain energy and the stability etc. of certain chemical compounds. Among the major classes of topological indices are the distance based topological indices, the degree-based topological indices and counting related polynomials and corresponding indices of graphs. Among all the degree based indices, namely first general Zagreb index, general Rndi connectivity index, general sum-connectivity index, atom-bond connectivity index () and geometric-arithmetic index () are most important due to their chemical significance.\\
In this paper, we compute the first general Zagreb index, general Rndi connectivity index, general sum-connectivity index, , , and indices of hexagonal parallelogram nanotube, triangular benzenoid and zigzag-edge coronoid fused with starphene nanotubes by using the line graphs of subdivision of these chemical graphs.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
TO DETERMINE DRY OR WET CRAPE BANDAGES ADVANTAGES IN ORTHOPEDIC WARD FOR APPLYING BACKSLABS
No full textPurpose: To determine if there is any change in the length of the crepe bandage and when the wet cotton bandage is wet and left to dry again. This will simulate the application of a wet bandage to the Paris plasterboard (POP) and then to the crockery. Place of Work: Orthopedic Surgery Unit I Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan. Study plan: Experimental study Materials and methods: 50 cm crepe strips and simple cotton bandages were taken. We made them moist and we measured them, then dried them up and measured them again. Findings: Both the bandage and the simple cotton bandage were wetted and then dried at a total of about 6%. For this reason, this phenomenon has the potential to cause compression effects on the limbs and to raise the intracompartmental pressure in the case of POP plaque application. Conclusion: As a result of the need to apply POP support plates to bandages such as creeper or cotton in dry back. Key words: Crepe bandage, POP back plate, simple cotton bandage
Evaluative Study of Ph. D. LIS Dissertations of Pakistani Library & Information Science Schools
Full text linkThe main objectives of the study were to acquire knowledge about the Information Sources used in LIS Doctoral research, to explore the use of impact factor research sources in their research productivity, to find out the used Pakistani journals fall in HEC criteria (W, X, Y, Z), to know the citation style which is mostly used and to know the geographical affiliations of journals and other resources. This research deals with Quantitative research design, in this research. Researchers used statistical methods with help of an excel sheet to check the sources used by Ph.D. researchers. Sources of Journals, books, theses, websites, conference proceedings, newspaper articles, reports, and online databases were evaluated according to Geographical Location, author Pattern (single author, co-authors are multiple authors), chronologically (Decade wise). Findings of the study reveal that 93 Websites were cited having different domains like gov, edu, org, and com. Pakistani websites were mostly used and other counties\u27 websites are also used like USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and India. 56 Conference proceedings were cited, mostly used during the year 2005 to 2014, Conferences were organized in Pakistan and the USA mostly. 8 Newspaper articles were cited from only two countries, 6 articles from Pakistan and 2 from the USA. 103 Reports were cited from different countries mostly used from USA (40.7%), Pakistan (33.9%), and France (4.8%). However, (14.5%) data was used from other different countries, and (4.8%) data not identifying the country. these reports are mostly published from 2004-2013. 10 Online Databases the Library & Information Science Ph.D. Scholars have also used many online databases like Emerald Insight, Elsevier, SAGE Publications, etc. It is observed that the four databases are mostly cited. The database Emerald Insight has been cited the maximum number of times which is covering 49.22% (222) of the total database citations out of 451 database citations. Elsevier database has been placed at 2nd position by 19% (85), SAGE Publications placed at 3rd position 17% (77) and Taylor & Francis Group placed at 4th position 14% (60)
Citation Analysis of Doctoral Theses Submitted During 2007 to 2016 in Pakistani Library Schools
Full text linkCitation analysis means the analysis of the citation or reference which are available in reference section of the any research like journals article, reports, and MPhil, PhD theses or any communication, Citation analysis can be used as a tool for knowing reading habits of users in all field of knowledge. It is also helpful to librarian for understanding the interesting valuable literature of research scholar and to recognize the core journals of any field of knowledge. The primarily concerns of this research are to evaluate of the PhD theses which are submitted in the Pakistani library schools. The main objectives of the study were to reveal citations according to types of documents, to know geographical affiliation of publication, to find out authorship patterns and to know citation trends in journals. This study shows the worth of LIS research produced in Pakistan, trend of research in LIS community and which type of information format was popular among the LIS researchers. Total 1821 references were evaluated in this study. 374 Books were cited; the data showed that single author books were 258, co-authors 85 and multiple authors 31. 63 Theses were cited. 93 Websites were cited having different domains. 56 Conference proceedings were cited. 103 Reports were cited from different countries mostly used from USA (40.7%), Pakistan (33.9%) and France (4.8%). 1114 International Journal citation were found these journals were published different countries like USA, UK, Netherlands etc. The most cited journals were found JCR listed. In the case of Pakistani journals mostly from X and Y category journals, it means that Pakistani LIS researchers used high ranking references in their research
Studies for Potential against SARS‐CoV‐2
No full textIn our continuous screening for bioactive microbial natural products, the culture extracts of a terrestrial Actinomycetes sp. GSCW‐51 yielded two new metabolites, i. e., 5‐hydroxymethyl‐3‐(1‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐7‐oxooctyl)dihydrofuran‐2(3H)‐one (1), 5‐hydroxymethyl‐3‐(1,7‐dihydroxy‐6‐methyloctyl)dihydrofuran‐2(3H)‐one (2), and two known compounds; 5′‐methylthioinosine (3), and 5′‐methylthioinosine sulfoxide (4), which are isolated first time from any natural source, along with four known compounds (5–8). The structures of the new compounds were deduced by HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR data, and in comparison with related compounds from the literature. Additionally, owing to the current COVID‐19 pandemic situation, we also computationally explored the therapeutic potential of our isolated compounds against SARS‐CoV‐2. Compound 4 showed the best binding energies of −6.2 and −6.6 kcal/mol for M(pro) and spike proteins, respectively. The intermolecular interactions were also studied using 2‐D and 3‐D imagery, which also supported the binding energies as well as put several insights under the spotlight. Furthermore, Lipinski's rule of 5 was used to predict the drug likeness of compounds 1–4, which indicated all compounds obey Lipinski's rule of 5. The study of bioavailability radars of the compounds 1–4 also confirmed their drug likeness properties where all the five crucial drug likeness parameters are in color area, which is safe to be used as drugs. Our isolation and computational findings highly encourage the scientific community to do further in vitro and in vivo studies of compounds 1–4
Variations in the Major Nutrient Composition of Dominant High-Yield Varieties (HYVs) in Parboiled and Polished Rice of Bangladesh
No full textRice (Oryza sativa L.) is the principal staple food, a fundamental component of food security, a significant source of energy and major nutrients, and a key player in the overall nutritional status in Bangladesh. Parboiling is a common rice-processing treatment in Bangladesh. Recently, polishing has also become a common practice among millers seeking to attract consumers. Polishing may influence the nutrient composition of rice. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of parboiling and polishing on the nutritional content of the five High Yield Varieties (HYVs) of rice (BR11, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan49, and BRRI dhan84) and their percent contributions to the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) of vitamins and minerals. All of the rice samples were analyzed for proximate parameters, vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, and folate), and minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Na, K, P). Moisture, ash, fat, and total dietary fiber (TDF) were determined gravimetrically, according to the AOAC Official Methods; protein was measured by the Kjeldahl method; B-group vitamins were measured using Ultra Pressure Liquid Chromatography; and mineral content was determined by ICP-OES. The energy, protein, fat, and total dietary fiber (TDF) content of the samples ranged between 342–357 kcal/100 g, 6.79–10.74 g/100 g, 0.31–1.69 g/100 g, and 2.59–3.92 g/100 g respectively. Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxin, and folate content ranged from 0.11–0.25 mg/100 g, 0.01–0.05 mg/100 g, 2.82–6.42 mg/100 g, 0.12–0.30 g/100 g, and 5.40–23.95 g/100 g respectively. In a comparison of parboiling and polishing, macronutrients and vitamin retention were higher in parboiled unpolished rice than in polished unparboiled rice. The minerals (mg/100 g) Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Na, K, and P were in the ranges 32.82–44.72, 30.69–58.34, 0.51–0.70,1.83–2.79, 5.00–5.36, 106.49–112.73, and 162.23–298.03. Minerals of BRRI dhan84 were unaffected by polishing and parboiling. BRRI dhan84 contributed a higher percentage of RDA of all B vitamins and minerals. Therefore, to reduce nutrient loss in rice, industries and consumers should be encouraged to avoid polishing or limit polishing to 10% DOM and to consume unpolished rice, either parboiled or unparboiled
Concordance in the appendix location between ultrasound and surgery findings in children from march to june 2021
Full text linkilustraciones, gráficas, tablasDescripción: La apendicitis aguda sigue siendo una de las principales causas de intervención quirúrgica en niños, y considerando la ausencia de bibliografía entre la concordancia de la localización del apéndice por ecografía y cirugía; se plantea, a través de este trabajo, realizar desde la radiología un aporte a la literatura médica disponible y al cirujano en el planeamiento previo del abordaje quirúrgico, en función de la localización particular del apéndice en cada paciente. Objetivo: Determinar el rendimiento de la ecografía en la localización del apéndice, al compararlo con los hallazgos de localización quirúrgicos; en niños de la Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia, intervenidos de apendicectomía, durante el tiempo comprendido entre marzo a junio de 2021. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal analítico retrospectivo, entre marzo a junio 2021, en el que se identificaron 154 pacientes pediátricos intervenidos de apendicectomía, con ecografía intrahospitalaria, y diagnóstico anatomopatológico de apendicitis; en la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. Estos datos fueron verificados a través del programa Hiruko y los programas de historia clínica del hospital. Se aparearon con una relación 1:1 las localizaciones de la siguiente manera: por ecografía, la localización retrocecal, corresponde a la localización retrocecal en cirugía. La posición pélvica en ecografía, es pélvica en cirugía y la localización preileal, postileal y subcecal en ecografía, corresponde a fosa iliaca derecha en cirugía. En una base de datos de Excel se recolectaron datos demográficos, para conocer factores como la edad, peso, talla, IMC, la patología del apéndice, el tiempo de evolución y las localizaciones intraoperatorias y ecográficas. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis inferencial descriptivo con métodos gráficos como distribuciones de frecuencias, medidas numéricas de posición, de tendencia central o de dispersión, mediana y diferencia de medianas, para relacionar variables radiológicas con los hallazgos quirúrgicos y determinar así los objetivos descritos en el estudio. Finalmente se emplearon análisis de concordancia entre la localización ecográfica del apéndice y la localización hallada en cirugía a través del índice Kappa. Se realizó un análisis estadístico de correspondencia a través del programa SPSS, así como el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, para las variables estandarizadas, y el coeficiente Chi cuadrado, con el fin de establecer la asociación y correlación de datos entre sí. Resultados: El 55.19 % son hombres y el 44.81% de la muestra son mujeres, siendo ellos los que más acudieron al hospital con apendicitis. La distribución de frecuencias de edad y las medidas descriptivas oscilaron en su mayoría entre los 10 y 12 años. La media es de 10.7 años y la mediana es de 10 años. La media para la variable peso es de 42 kg y la mediana es de 40 kg. Ambas variables están muy cerca, indicativo de que la distribución es simétrica. En cuanto a la localización en ecografía: el 39% corresponde a localización pélvica, 5,84% a retrocecal, 13,64% a subcecal,11,69% a preileal, 1,3% a postileal, 1,9% a otras y en 40.91% de los casos no se observa el apéndice. El índice de concordancia kappa para la localización en fosa iliaca derecha y localización pélvica fue mediano, de 0.3254 y 0.2688, respectivamente, y para la posición retrocecal fue insignificante de 0.1833. La sensibilidad como proporción de verdaderos positivos, correctamente localizados por la ecografía es del 38 %. La especificidad como la proporción de individuos correctamente localizados, dado que el apéndice no se hallaba en esa ubicación, es del 88%. El análisis estadístico de correspondencia, arrojó que cada una de las localizaciones, bien sea por ecografía o cirugía, influyen de manera similar entre sí, excepto en el caso de la localización retrocecal, donde se observan alejados entre sí. Chi2 es estadísticamente significativa en todas las posiciones: en la posición retrocecal (0.005), pélvica (0.001) y fosa iliaca (0.000). En todas las localizaciones, se rechaza la hipótesis nula (P<0.05), por lo que se concluye que hay una relación entre las variables categóricas de ecografía y cirugía. Conclusión: la ecografía no es la prueba de elección para la localización del apéndice dada su baja sensibilidad para este escenario; sin embargo, dada su alta especificidad, una vez el radiólogo la localiza, permite definir bien cual no es su posición en ecografía. (Texto tomado de la fuente).Outline: Acute appendicitis continues to be one of the main causes of surgical intervention in children and considering the absence of literature, between the concordance of the location of the appendix by ultrasound and surgery; Through this work, it is proposed to make a contribution from radiology to the available medical literature and to the surgeon in the previous planning of the surgical approach, depending on the particular location of the appendix in each patient. Objective: To determine the performance of ultrasound in the location of the appendix, when compared with surgical location findings in children of the La Misericordia Children's Hospital Foundation, undergoing appendectomy surgery, during the period from March to June 2021. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, between March and June 2021, in which 154 pediatric patients operated on appendectomy, with in-hospital ultrasound, and anatomopathological diagnosis of appendicitis were identified at the Hospital de la Misericordia Foundation in the city of Bogotá D.C. These data were verified through the Hiruko program and the hospital's medical history programs. The locations were paired with a 1:1 ratio as follows: by ultrasound, the retrocecal location corresponds to the retrocecal location in surgery. The pelvic position in ultrasound, is pelvic in surgery and the preileal, postileal and subcecal location in ultrasound, corresponds to the right iliac fossa in surgery. In an Excel database, demographic data were collected to know factors such as age, weight, height, BMI, appendix pathology, time of evolution and intraoperative and ultrasound locations. Subsequently, an analytical descriptive inferential analysis was performed with graphic methods such as frequency distributions, numerical measures of position, central tendency or dispersion, median and median difference, to relate radiological variables with the surgical findings and thus determine the objectives described in the study. Finally, concordance analysis was used between the ultrasound location of the appendix and the location found in surgery through the Kappa index. A statistical analysis of correspondence was performed through the SPSS program, as well as the Pearson correlation coefficient, for the standardized variables and the Chi square coefficient, in order to establish the association and correlation of data with each other. Results: The 55.19 % are men and 44.81 % of the sample are women, being men the ones most attending the hospital with appendicitis. The age frequency distribution and descriptive measures ranged mostly from 10 to 12 years. The median is 10.7 years and the median is 10 years. The mean for the variable weight is 42 kg and the median is 40 kg. Both variables are very close, indicating that the distribution is symmetrical. Regarding the location in ultrasound: 39% corresponds to pelvic location, 5.84% to retrocecal, 13.64% to subcecal, 11.69% to preileal, 1.3% to postileal, 1.9% to others and in 40.91% of cases the appendix is not observed.The kappa concordance index for the location in the right iliac fossa and pelvic location was medium, of 0.3254 and 0.2688, respectively, and for the retrocecal position it was insignificant of 0.1833. The sensitivity as a proportion of true positives, correctly located by ultrasound is 38 %. The specificity as the proportion of correctly located individuals, since the appendix was not in that location, is 88 %. The statistical analysis of correspondence showed that each of the locations, either by ultrasound or surgery, influence in a similar way with each other, except in the case of the retrocecal location, where they are observed far from each other. Chi2 is statistically significant in all positions: in the retrocecal position (0.005), pelvic (0.001) and iliac fossa (0.000). In all locations, the null hypothesis (P<0.05) is rejected, so it is concluded that there is a relationship between the categorical variables of ultrasound and surgery. Conclusion: ultrasound is not the test of choice for the location of the appendix given its low sensitivity for this scenario; however, because of its high specificity, once the radiologist localizes it, we can define in a good way which is not the appendix location. In addition, when the appendix is located on ultrasound, there is agreement with surgery: median in right iliac fossa and pelvic positions and insignificant in the retrocecal position.Although this agreement is low, it is clinically important, because other prospective studies could give more statistical power, so then, this work tool can help in a more individualized surgery according to the appendix location.Incluye anexosEspecialidades MédicasEspecialista en Radiología Pediátric
