1,720,953 research outputs found
The role of open surgery in the management of gastric cancer in resource-limited settings: a literature-based review
No full textUniversitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chișinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Cancerul gastric continuă să fie una dintre principalele cauze de mortalitate prin cancer la nivel global. În ciuda paşilor majore în chirurgia minim invazivă, operaţiile deschise rămân esenţiale pentru tumorile avansate care necesită rezecţii largi şi limfadenectomie, mai ales în zonele cu resurse limitate. Scop. Scopul studiului a fost să evalueze eficienţa şi riscurile postoperatorii ale chirurgiei deschise în cancerul gastric, în contexte cu acces limitat la tehnici moderne. Material şi metode. A fost realizat un studiu amplu folosind PubMed, Google Scholar şi Science-Direct, analizând studii clinice şi meta-analize din perioada 2010-2024. Au fost colectate date privind recidiva, mortalitatea, riscurile postoperatorii şi supravieţuirea. Analiza Kaplan-Meier şi testul chi-pătrat au evaluat semnificaţia statistică (p < 0,05). Rezultate. Gastrectomia deschisă a realizat rezecţie R0 la 92% dintre pacienţi. Rata de supravieţuire la 5 ani a fost cuprinsă între 40% şi 60%, variind în funcţie de stadiul tumorii. Printre complicaţiile postoperatorii s-au numărat infecţiile plăgii (10%), fistulele anastomotice (5%), insuficienţa respiratorie (12%) şi mortalitatea periopera-torie (3%). Intervenţia a fost asociată cu pierderi de sânge crescute, durată operatorie mai lungă, recuperare întârziată şi un risc mai mare de complicaţii ale plăgii, indicând o morbiditate semnificativă. Totuşi, a adus beneficii în stadializa-rea corectă şi supravieţuirea pe termen lung. Concluzii. Chirurgia deschisă a demonstrat eficienţă ridicată în tratamentul cancerului gastric avansat, însă a fost asociată cu o rată importantă de complicaţii, evidenţiind rolul esenţial al experienţei chirurgicale şi al managementului perioperator, mai ales unde lipsesc tehnici moderne.Introduction. Gastric cancer remains one of the top causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite major progress in minimally invasive techniques, open surgery continues to be the primary treatment plan for advanced-stage tumors that require wide resection and lymphadenecto-my-notably in resource-limited settings. Objective. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy and the rate of postoperative risks tied to open surgeries for gastric cancer, noting their value in environments with poor access to modern surgeries. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, focusing on clinical studies and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2024. Data pertaining to recurrence rates, mortality, postoperative complications, and overall survival were extracted. Statistical significance was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the chi-square test (p < 0.05). Results. Open gastrectomy achieved R0 resection in 92% of cases. The five-year survival rate ranged from 40% to 60%, depending on tumor stage. Reported postoperative complications included wound infections (10%), anastomotic fistulas (5%), respiratory failure (12%), and perioperative mortality (3%). The procedure was associated with increased intraoperative blood loss, prolonged operative time, delayed recovery, and a higher incidence of wound-related complications, indicating substantial morbidity. Nonetheless, it provided advantages in accurate staging and long-term survival outcomes. Conclusion. Open surgery demonstrated high effectiveness for advanced gastric cancer but was associated with considerable complication rates, showing the role of surgical expertise and perioperative management and how it remains as main treatment as other advanced techniques may not be widely available
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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