246 research outputs found
Occupational Exposure to Biological Agents in a Typical Restaurant Setting: Is a Photocatalytic Air Purifier Helpful?
No full textAccording to many national legislations, biological agents represent an occupational hazard that must be managed in order to ensure safety at workplace. Bioaerosols have been associated to many pathological conditions but, despite many efforts, precise threshold limit values (TLV) are still undefined. We planned and conducted an environmental study concerning a typical restaurant that aimed to evaluate: (1) the occupational exposure to bacterial and fungal bioaerosol; (2) the efficacy of a photocatalytic air purifier device in mitigating such exposure. This observational study evaluated two dining rooms (Area 1 and Area 2) of a restaurant which can be considered typical during two consecutive weeks. Based on a national protocol, we monitored total bacterial and mycotic loads searching for two typologies of bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria (environmental contamination) along with mesophilic bacteria (human or animal origin source), and two types of fungi, mold and yeast. Baseline total bacterial load was 346.8 CFU/m(3) for Area 1 and 412.9 CFU/m(3) for Area 2. When the sanitizing device was operative, the total bacterial load decreased to 202.7 CFU/m(3) (-41.50%-p value: <0.01) for Area 1 and to 342.2 CFU/m(3) (-1-17.10%-p value: 0.06) for Area 2. Considering the fungal load, the mean baseline value was 189.7 CFU/m(3) for Area 1 and 141.1 CFU/m(3) for Area 2. When the device was kept on, the total fungal load was 108.0 CFU/m(3) (-4-43.10%-p value: 0.055) for Area 1 and 205.0 CFU/m(3) (+45.30%-p value: 0.268) for Area 2. Our findings supported the conclusion that, concerning the occupational risk derived from biological agents, a typical restaurant should be considered relatively safe. In order to mitigate or limit any possible increase of such risk, a photocatalytic device may be helpful, but not against the pollution caused by mold or yeasts. Our research also reaffirmed the need of further research assessing the kind of relationship between diseases and exposure levels, before considering the need of setting precise threshold limit values
Extended Jensen's Functional for Diamond Integral via Hermite Polynomial
No full textIn this paper, with the help of Hermite interpolating polynomial, extension of Jensen's functional for n-convex function is deduced from Jensen's inequality involving diamond integrals. Special Hermite conditions, including Taylor two-point formula and Lagrange's interpolation, are also deployed to find further extensions of Jensen's functional. The paper also includes discussion on bounds for Grüss-type inequality, Ostrowski-type inequality, and Čebyšev functional associated with newly defined Jensen's functional. © 2021 Rabia Bibi et al
Babürlü Hanedanlığının Son Anıtsal Türbesi Bibi Ka Makbere (Rabia-ud Devrani Türbesi&Mini Tac Mahal)
No full textÖz: Babürlüler yaklaşık iki asır Hint alt kıtasında; günümüzde Hindistan, Pakistan ve Bangladeş’in deiçerisinde bulunduğu birçok bölgede hüküm sürmüş ve bu geniş coğrafyalarda önemli anıtsal eserler inşaetmişlerdir. Bu dönemde özellikle türbe mimarisinde eşsiz örnekler ortaya konulmuştur. Şah Cihan’ın eşiMümtaz Mahal için (1631-48) yaptırmış olduğu Agra şehrindeki Tac Mahal Türbesi belki de türbe mimarisiniyalnız Babürlü dönemi içinde değil, Türk-İslam dönemi çerçevesinde de erişilmez kılıp son safhasınaulaştırmıştır. Tac Mahal, kendisinden sonra yapılan birçok türbeye örnek teşkil etmiş olabileceği gibi öncesindeve sonrasında inşa edilen birçok anıtsal mezarı gerisinde bırakmıştır. Araştırma konusunu oluşturan Bibi KaMakbere için de Tac Mahal Türbesi adeta bir prototip oluşturmuştur. Bibi Ka Makbere; Babürlühükümdarlarından Evrengzib’in oğlu Muhammed Azam Şah tarafından (1651-1661) annesi Dilras BanuBegüm için Hindistan’ın Evrengabad şehrinde yaptırılmıştır. Türbe; hükümdar Evrengzeb'in validesi olanMümtaz Mahal'in türbesi Tac Mahal ile genel olarak benzetilmekte ve bundan dolayı “Dekkan'ın Tacı ya daMini Tac Mahal” adı ile anılmaktadır. Her iki mezar yapısı da dönemin hükümdarlarının gözde eşleri içinyaptırılmıştır. Yapının ana giriş kapısında bulunan kitabesinde; mimarının Tac Mahal’in mimarlarından olanÜstad Ahmed Lahori’nin oğlu Ataullah olduğu ve dönemin mühendislerinden Hanspat Rai tarafındantasarlandığı belirtilmektedir. Yapı, Babürlü Mimarisi’nin karakteristik özelliği olan çarbağ düzeninde bahçetasarımı ile de dikkat çekmektedir. Kare bir platform üzerinde yer alan ve platformunun her bir köşesinde ikişerşerefeli minareleri bulunan türbe; dışarıdan kare, içeriden sekizgen planlı olup üzeri kubbe ile örtülüdür. Beyazkireç taşı ve alçı karışımı bir malzeme ile yapılmış olan türbenin; platformu ve kubbesi beyaz mermerdenoluşmaktadır. Türbenin mimari ve malzemesi yanında süsleme programı da oldukça önemlidir. Tac Mahal’inyüksek kabartma ve oyma tekniği ile oluşturulan yoğun bitkisel süslemelerinin burada benzer bir şekilde, aynıyoğunlukta ancak farklı bir malzeme kullanılarak beyaz mermer yerine kireç taşı ve alçı üzerine işlendiğigörülmektedir. Babürlü döneminin ilk anıtsal türbesi Delhi’deki Hümayun Türbesi iken son anıtsal türbesi BibiKa Makbere’dir. Bu araştırmada türbenin Babürlü türbe örnekleri içerisindeki yeri ile birlikte İslam ve Türktürbe mimarisindeki benzerlik ve farklılıkları değerlendirilmeye çalışılırken aynı zamanda türbenin hemmimari özellikleri hem de süsleme programı üzerinde durulacaktır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sanat Tarihi 1, Evrengabad 2, Babürlü 3, Türbe 4, Bibi Ka Makbere 5. </p
The intention to share: professionals’ knowledge sharing behaviors in online communities
No full textSince the 1990s, the rise of some online communities as well as the decline of others has caught the attention of academia as well as of practice. One assumption for the decline of some online communities is the lack of the rich knowledge content that is believed to be the source of competitiveness and sustainability of any online community. Online communities are increasingly acknowledging the value of knowledge and the knowledge sharing processes required for online communities to build and sustain their identity in this competitive and constantly changing online environment. This research aims to provide an understanding of knowledge sharing behavior through the adaptation of two major theories imported from Social Psychology: the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TpB). Exploring knowledge sharing from a social psychological perspective provides an understanding of the process an individual goes through to make the decision to share his/her knowledge with others as well as the different psychological factors facilitating or hindering knowledge sharing behavior. Research findings are based on a web-survey of 158 group members, and an observation of interactions of eight active groups in one online community of professional educators. Proposing an extended theoretical model of knowledge sharing behavior in an online community, this research found that normative pressures, including subjective norms and descriptive norms, had a strong influence on the formation of the individual’s intention to share in the online community. Knowledge sharing self-efficacy also was found to significantly account for explaining the individual’s motivation to share his/her knowledge with other members. Attitude and controllability were not found to have significant impacts on the formation of intention. The qualitative analysis of the interactions of members of eight active groups revealed that there were other implicit factors that motivated individuals to engage in online activities. The observation of 24 online sessions had generated beliefs related to knowledge sharing behavior. Those beliefs were related to normative beliefs and the pressure created by the expectations of others, control beliefs and the confidence of the individual’s ability to behave, and finally, behavioral beliefs and individual outcome expectations.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Bibi M. Alajm
Factors associated with the variation in drug prescription of antipsychotics in long-term care facilities: a systematic review
No full textFactors Associated with the Variation in Drug Prescription of Analgesics in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Systematic Review
No full textاردو لغت (تاریخی اصول پر)‘‘ کے اندراجات کی معنوی وضاحت کا تجزیہ’’
No full textAnalysis of explanations of meanings in Urdu Lughat: Tareekhi Usool Par
By Ameena Bibi, Assistant Prof, Department of Urdu, International Islamic University, Islamabad
Urdu Dictionary Board (UDB) has compiled and published Urdu’s most comprehensive dictionary, titled Urdu Lughat: Tareekhi Usool Par (Urdu Dictionary: on historical principles). While appreciating the monumental work, the author of this paper has pointed out certain lacuna in the way many of the entries in Urdu Lughat published by UDB are explained. The author has also compared the explanatory wordings in UDB’s dictionary with some other dictionaries of Urdu and has explained what and which is correct and what errors have been committed by UDB editors. Although she is all-praise for the work, she has objectively evaluated some portions of UDB’s dictionary in the light of lexicographic rules
Some improvements of the Popoviciu, Bellman and Diaz-Metcalf inequalities via superquadratic functions
No full textFunding strategies for business development: sustainability and growth
No full textThis study analyses incubator business development program held by HayRadiance Foundation through its viable activities. By engaged partnerships, unified technology, and focused on sustainability, the foundation is not only created economic opportunities but also contributed to the wider goal of global interconnectedness. Through this case study, the author discussed how targeted strategies can empower entrepreneurs and communities in a rapidly evolving global landscap
Genetic medicines and genome editing - possible cure for monogenic and polygenic hereditary disorders
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