1,720,979 research outputs found
α1- and β-adrenergic receptors in brown adipose tissue and the adrenergic regulation of thyroxine 5'-deiodinase
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Transkriptoomilised ja metaboolsed muutused WFS1-puudulikkusega hiiremudelis
Get PDFVäitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsiooneWolframi sündroom (WFS) on haruldane pärilik haigus, mida iseloomustavad lapseeas algav insuliinist sõltuv suhkurtõbi, nägemisnärvi kahjustus, magediabeet, kurtus ja mitmed neuroloogilised häired. Haigust põhjustavad mutatsioonid WFS1 geenis. WFS1 omab rakus mitmeid ülesandeid, osaledes endoplasmaatilises retiikulumis (ER) membraanitranspordis, valkude töötlemises ja raku vastuses voltumata valkude kogunemisele. Üha rohkem on teavet selle kohta, et ER homöostaasi kõrvalekalded ja krooniline ER stress on olulised mitmete haiguste arengus, näiteks neurodegeneratiivsed haigused ja diabeet. WFS1 tase ER stressi korral tavaliselt tõuseb ning WFS1 puudumine soodustab kroonilist ER stressi ja raku surma. See omakorda põhjustab haigusele iseloomulike sümptomite avaldumist ja süvenemist.
Käesoleva töö eesmärgiks oli leida WFS hiiremudelis WFS1 puudulikkusest tingitud võimalikke transkriptoomilisi ja metaboolseid muutuseid, mis soodustavad WFS sümptomite arengut. WFS1 puudulikkus põhjustab transkriptoomilisi muutusi hüpotaalamuses, hipokampuses ja pankrease Langerhansi saartes, mis soodustavad haigusega seotud mitmesuguste endokriinsete, neurodegeneratiivsete ja käitumuslike sümptomite teket ja süvenemist. WFS1 puudulikkusse korral väheneb ka pankrease Langerhansi saarte arv ja häirub insuliini sekretsioon. WFS1 puudulikkus põhjustab ka metaboolseid kõrvalekaldeid, sest võrreldes oma normaalsete pesakonnakaaslastega kaaluvad Wfs1 mutansed hiired oluliselt vähem ja neil on lühem eluiga. Kõrge rasvasisaldusega toit põhjustab ühe toimiva Wfs1 geeni koopiaga hiirtel mitmesuguseid metaboolseid muutuseid, nagu kaalutõus, insuliini sekretsiooni muutused ning ER stressiga seotud geenide ekspressiooni muutused. Wfs1 heterosügootsus põhjustab aga variatsiooni nii metaboolsete tüsistuste kui ka ER stressi vahendavate geenide ekspressiooni mustrites, mis on seotud ebasoodsate metaboolsete häirete ja Wolframi sündroomiga seotud sümptomite kujunemisega.Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare inherited disease characterized by juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes, optic nerve atrophy, diabetes insipidus, deafness and several neurological abnormalities. The diseases caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene. WFS1 plays a number of roles in the cell, participating in membrane transport, protein processing, and the cellular response to accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). There is growing evidence that abnormalities in ER homeostasis and chronic ER stress are important in the development of many diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. WFS1 levels in case of ER stress usually increase, and the absence of WFS1 contributes to chronic ER stress and cell death. This in turn causes the symptoms of the disease to develop and worsen.
The aim of this study was to identify possible transcriptomic and metabolic changes due to WFS1 deficiency in a WFS mouse model that contribute to the development of WFS symptoms. WFS1 deficiency causes transcriptomic changes in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and pancreatic islets of Langerhans, which contribute to the development and exacerbation of a variety of endocrine, neurodegenerative, and behavioral symptoms associated with the disease. WFS1 deficiency reduces the number of pancreatic islets and impairs insulin secretion. WFS1 deficiency also causes metabolic abnormalities, because Wfs1 mutant mice weigh significantly less and have a shorter lifespan than their normal littermates. A high fat diet causes a variety of metabolic changes in mice with a single copy of the active Wfs1 gene, such as weight gain, changes in insulin secretion, and changes in ER stress-related gene expression. However, the heterozygosity of Wfs1 causes variation in the expression patterns of both metabolic complications and ER stress-mediating genes associated with the development of adverse metabolic disorders and symptoms related to Wolfram syndrome.https://www.ester.ee/record=b552398
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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