1,721,041 research outputs found
Economia urbana e calidad de vida. Una revisiòn del estado del conocimiento en España
No full textSin ningún género de duda, puede afirmarse que el concepto de calidad de vida tiene cada vez mayor importancia en el ámbito científico en general y en economía en particular. Dentro de este ámbito una de las aplicaciones más claras se da en el ámbito espacial, convirtiéndose en una variable clave para entender el desarrollo de ciudades y regiones. En este trabajo hacemos un recorrido por el concepto de la calidad de vida en la literatura económica y en especial en términos de economía urbana. En este sentido se hace un repaso de aquellos aspectos económicos claves relacionados con el concepto de la calidad de vida, como puede ser el de equilibrio espacial. Por último se analizan las experiencias sobre medición y análisis económico de la calidad de vida desarrolladas en España en los últimos años y se remarcan las enormes posibilidades de desarrollo de este campo en nuestro país
Quality of life in the economic and urban economic literature
No full textQuality of life (QoL) is increasingly becoming a concept researched empirically and theoretically in the field of economics. In urban economics in particular, this increasing interest stems mainly from the fact that QoL affects urban competitiveness and urban growth: research shows that when households and businesses decide where to locate, QoL consider- ations can play a very important role. The purpose of the present paper is to examine the way economic literature and urban economic literature in particular, have adopted QoL consider- ations in the economic thinking. Moreover, it presents the ways various studies have attempted to capture the multidimensional nature of the concept, and quantify it for the purposes of empirical research. Conclusions are drawn on the state of affairs regarding the study of QoL in economics, as well as the problems of measurement arising mainly from the complex nature of the concept
What drives the spatial wage premium in formal and informal labor markets? The case of Ecuador
No full textThis article investigates the incidence of agglomeration
externalities in Ecuador, a small‐sized, middle‐income
developing country. In particular, we analyze the role of
the informal sector within these relations, since informal
employment accounts for a significant part of total employment
in the developing countries. Using individual level data
and instrumental variable techniques, we investigate the
impact of spatial externalities, in terms of population density,
local specialization and urban size, on the wages of workers
in Ecuadorian cities. The results show that spatial externalities
matter also for a small developing country.
Moreover, analysis of the interaction between spatial
externalities and informality shows that, on average, workers
employed in the informal sector do not enjoy significant
benefits from agglomeration externalities. Finally, by investigating
the possible channels behind spatial agglomeration
gains we show that the advantages from agglomeration
for formal sector workers may well be accounted for by
better job‐quality matches and, to a lesser extent, by learning
externalities. For informal sector workers, our findings also
suggest possible gains from job changes, which offset a
penalty for remaining employed in the same occupation
Human Development and Tourism Specialization. Evidence from a Panel of Developed and Developing Countries
Full text linkIn the present study we analyze the relationship between tourism and human development for a selection of 63 countries from 1996 to 2008. Findings confirm that, on average, tourism is positively associated with human development. By decomposing the effect of tourism on each human development indicator, we find that literacy rate appears to be the most affected. This result suggests that the impact of tourism in the host country is much broader respect to the purely economic effect. Furthermore, it suggests the need of further investigating the relationship between human development and tourism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
