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CHARACTERIZATION OF ANCIENT OLIVE GENOTYPES IN EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION: MOLECULAR GENOTYPING, CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF MONOVARIETAL OLIVE OILS.
No full textAbstract
Ancient olive trees of Olea europaea L. present in the piedmont area of the Emilian
Apennins (Italy) were assessed in the course of several years. In this research, seven old
accessions from Modena, Parma, Piacenza and Reggio Emilia Provinces were evaluated by
SSR markers followed by chemical and sensory characterization of monovarietal olive oils. As
to the genetic analysis, 14 SSR markers were used; they produced a total number of 72 alleles
that permitted the discrimination of the seven studied genotypes and their comparison with
genetic profiles of national and international cultivars. Genetic relationships were estimated by
the unweighted pair-group method with arithmeric averaging (UPGMA). By microsatellite
analysis five genotypes were identified, one of which corresponds to cv. “Frantoio”, while cv.
“Carolea” appeared genetically distant from the others. The comparison reveals that only the
known cultivar Frantoio can be found within the studied accessions. Monovarietal olive oils
produced by a low-scale mill allowed to analyse their chemical and sensory properties
according to EC Reg. 796/2002. Some of these oils were distinguished for their elevated
contents in total phenols, other samples were also interesting by their high contents in oleic
acid, above 79%. Sensory analysis emphasized the aromatic peculiarities of some
monovarietal oils, characterized by a relevant intensity of fruitiness, bitterness and pungency.
Moreover oils were singled out for their particular flavours (almond, apple, artichoke and
green notes), ascribable to the different genetic matrices of the mother plants
Effect of Different Foliar Particle Films (Kaolin and Zeolitite) on Chemical and Sensory Properties of Olive Oil
No full textThe use of kaolin foliar treatments in olive growing is a well-established approach that aims at protecting crops from the negative impacts of environmental stresses and from insect pests. The use of zeolite particle films is a far more recent technique. The experimentation was carried out on Correggiolo cv. cultivated in the Emilia-Romagna region (Italy). Foliar treatments were performed in summer until olive harvest. Ripening index, weight, and the oil content of olives were measured. Acidity, peroxide numbers, K232, K270 and total phenols were evaluated as well as fatty acid profiles, determined via GC-FID and phenolic compounds; vitamins and pigments were determined via HPLC-DAD. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) sensory analysis and taint tests were performed. Olives treated with zeolite showed higher oil contents, and the oil obtained exhibited higher contents of total phenols, tyrosol and deacetoxy oleuropein aglycon with respect to the oils produced with kaolin and the control oil. Oils produced from kaolin-treated olives showed sensory profiles characterized by notes of berries (that are not typical of the Correggiolo cultivar). In the scenario of environment-friendly oil production, treatments employing zeolitite particle films represent both a valid alternative to chemical insecticide against olive fly attack and a practice that has a positive influence on the overall oil quality
Olives traceability by REE and trace elements amount: a statistical approach to determine the geochemical composition from soils and leaves
No full textPesticides reduction, improvement of soil quality and olive traceability by means of zeolite-rich tuff: the Zeoliva project
No full textPesticides reduction, improvement of soil quality and olive traceability by means of zeolite-rich tuff: the Zeoliva projec
Olives traceability by REE and trace elements amount: a statistical approach to determine the geochemical composition from soils and leaves
No full textHow does the geographic location and pest management strategies impacts the geochemical fingerprint of leaves and olives in olive growing systems?
No full textHow does the geographic location and pest management strategies
impacts the geochemical fingerprint of leaves and olives in olive
growing systems
Genetic and Landscape Characterization of Ancient Crops: The Olive Tree, a Case Study in Northern Italy
No full textA large number of ancient olive plants with different genetic, agronomic and morphological characteristics are present in the Emilia Romagna region. In this study 431 trees, present in eight provinces, were located and their phytometric traits were recorded; all of them were also submitted to molecular analysis with SSR markers and compared with cultivars traditionally present in Central Italy and Emilia Romagna. The comparison of the local germplasm with known cultivars led to the identification of most accessions in study. Several accessions, about 33% of the total local individuals under study, did not show genetic identity with known cultivars and were of unknown origin, these genotypes therefore represent a precious reserve of biodiversity. Thanks to the synergy between the potentiality of local olive cultivars and the pedoclimatic conditions typical of a cold growing area, Northern Italy regions produce oils characterized by high quality standards; for example in Emilia Romagna region there are several registered trademarks and two PDOs (Protected Denomination of Origin), Brisighella and Colline di Romagna. In the last 30 years the Institute of BioEconomy IBE-CNR (ex IBIMET-CNR) and the University of Parma have carried out a selection project through genotyping programs: thirty autochthonous cultivars were selected and distributed following the genetic and sanitary plant certification process, according to a European voluntary program. The choice to protect autochthonous cultivars of Emilia Romagna, which according to literature mentioned in the text have been cultivated over the last two millennia in the region, and their reintroduction with new orchards in hilly areas would allow to valorize the final product and to implement the relationship between olive oil and landscape
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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