1,720,977 research outputs found
The Influence of Technology on Long-Term Care Systems
No full textNew technologies may have a beneficial impact on long-term care (LTC) systems by improving
the quality, effectiveness and efficiency of LTC provision, and even by decreasing the need for LTC in the
first place. Given the great uncertainty about the diffusion and implementation of available technology, there
is little point in trying to make quantitative forecasts about the impact of technology. A more useful approach
is to study the mechanisms through which technology can have an impact on LTC. This is the subject of
Work Package 4 of the ANCIEN project. Both generally and via a number of case studies, it develops a
framework to analyse the impact of technology on LTC. The functioning of this framework is illustrated by
considering a number of specific long-term conditions, such as dementia, obesity and diabetes
Disabilità, non autosufficienza e tecnologie
No full textTradizionalmente l’assistenza ‘di lungo periodo’ (Long-Term Care, LTC) per le persone con patologie croniche, disabilità e fragilità è stata reattiva ed episodica, portando al ricorso evitabile dell’ospedale e delle strutture residenziali; con un supporto tecnologico adeguato, è possibile renderla sempre più ‘proattiva’ e coordinata, migliorando sia la qualità della vita dei soggetti interessati e dei loro familiari, sia la sostenibilità economica del sistema complessivo: una visione olistica sulla salute e il benessere del cittadino non può oggi prescindere da un utilizzo appropriato delle tecnologie.
Con interventi assistenziali permanenti e continuativi spesso si riesce ad alleviare le conseguenze di una autonomia funzionale compromessa ed a tenere sotto controllo i problemi, anche se non è possibile risolverli; i modelli di assistenza rispondono sempre meglio ai bisogni dei cittadini e la tecnologia può avere una parte significativa per contribuire a offrire più servizi e a renderli più mirati ed efficaci.
La frammentazione degli interventi degli operatori (sia sociali che sanitari) e la dispersione geografica degli attori sul territorio (cittadini e operatori) può essere ridimensionata con l’utilizzo dell’ICT (Information and Communication Technology) e di apparecchiature avanzate, a costi sempre più accessibil
Standards to support development of terminological systems for healthcare telematics.
No full textThe Technical Committee on "Medical Informatics" of the European Committee for Standardization (CEN/TC251) is supporting developers of terminological systems in
healthcare by a series of standards. The dream of "universal" coding system was abandoned in favor of a coherent family of terminologies, diversified according to tasks; two ideas were introduced: (1) the "categorical structure", i.e. a model of semantic categories and their relations within a subject field and (2) the "cross-thesaurus", i.e. a system of descriptors to build a systematic representation (called here "dissection") for each terminological phrase, coherent across diverse terminologies on a given subject field. The goal is to assure coexistence and interoperability (and reciprocal support for development and maintenance) to three generations of systems: (1) traditional paper-based systems (first generation); (2) compositional systems built according to a categorical structure and a cross-thesaurus (second generation) and (3) formal models (third generation). Various scenarios are presented, on the exploitation
of computer-based terminological systems. The idea of operational meaning" of terminological phrases within administrative and organizational contexts and the idea of "task-oriented details" are also introduced, to justify and exploit
design constraints on terminological systems
Syntactic-semantic tagging as a mediator between linguistic representations and formal models: an exercise in linking SNOMED to GALEN
No full textNatural language understanding applications are good candidates to solve the knowledge acquisition bottleneck when designing large scale concept systems.
However, a necessary condition is that systems are built that transform sentences into a meaning representation that is independent of the subtleties of linguistic structure that nevertheless underly the way language works. The Cassandra II
syntactic-semantic tagging system fulfills this goal partially. Within the GALEN-IN-USE project, it is used to transform linguistic representations of surgical procedure expressions into conceptual representations. In this paper, the proctology chapter of the SNOMED V3.1 procedure axis was used as a testbed to evaluate the usefulness of this approach. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data obtained is presented, showing that the Cassandra system can indeed
complement the manual modelling efforts being conducted in the GALEN-IN-USE project. The different requirements related to linguistic modelling versus conceptual modelling can partly be accounted for by using an interface ontology, of which the fine tuning will however remain an important effort
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sensorized garments developed for remote postural and motor rehabilitation
Full text linkEvery day, all around the world, millions of people request postural and/or motor rehabilitation. The
rehabilitation process, also known as Tertiary Prevention, intends to be a sort of therapy to restore functionality
and self-sufficiency of the patient, and regards not only millions of patients daily, but involves also
a huge number of professionals in medical staffs, i.e. specialists, nurses, physiotherapists and therapists,
social workers, psychologists, physiatrists. The care is given in hospitals, clinics, geriatric facilities, and
with territorial home care. For the large number of patients as well as the medical staff and facilities
necessary to support the appropriate postural and motor training, the monetary costs of rehabilitation
is so large, it is difficult to estimate. So, every effort towards a simplification of the rehabilitation route is desirable and welcome, and this chapter covers this aspect
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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