1,721,024 research outputs found
Practical Clinical Predictions: Msbase Validation of the Daae Score, a Clinical Tool for Estimating Risk of Conversion To Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
No full textRoos, Izanne/0000-0003-0371-366
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Therapeutic lag in multiple sclerosis
No full text© 2021 Izanne Craill RoosMultiple sclerosis is a heterogenous neurological disorder characterised by an interplay between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Treatment decisions are frequently prompted by the presence of disease activity presenting as relapses or progression-of-disability events. Treatment initiation and switch are therefore two critical periods in multiple sclerosis management. There is a delay between treatment initiation and the onset of full clinically manifest effect of therapy, referred to as ‘therapeutic lag’. It has been suggested that not accounting for delayed treatment effects may obscure treatment response in clinical trials of progressive multiple sclerosis. Further exploration of the influence of therapeutic lag and its determinants, however depends on development of a robust method to detect when treatments attain full clinical effect. Similar to therapeutic lag, there is a delay between treatment stop and the return of disease activity. Disease reactivation after treatment cessation has been identified as a risk factor for disability accrual. Understanding of the optimal timing of the start of the next treatment however remains limited.
All studies used data from the two largest multiple sclerosis registries: MSBase (multinational) and OFSEP (French). The first study developed, and externally validated, an objective differential-calculus based method to estimate the duration of therapeutic lag for clinical measures of treatment effect. Time to full clinical treatment effect was estimated as 12-30 weeks for relapses and 30-70 weeks for disability progression. The second study applied this method to groups of patients with different clinical and disease characteristics to investigate the determinants of lag duration. Pre-treatment level of disability and annualised rate of relapse were identified as the most important influencers of therapeutic lag. The third study investigated the effect of high and low-efficacy therapy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, after accounting for therapeutic lag. High-efficacy therapy was found to be superior to low-efficacy therapy in reducing relapses in patients with episodic inflammatory activity in the two years before starting therapy. High- and low-efficacy therapies however had comparable effectiveness on disability progression. In the fourth study, the focus was shifted from treatment start to the period after treatment cessation. The rate of disease reactivation after the cessation of disease-modifying therapies was explored. Risks of disease reactivation were highest after cessation of anti-trafficking therapies and were reduced by starting a new treatment. On-treatment rates of relapse, age, sex, and level of disability further influenced the risk of disease reactivation.
These findings are highly relevant to clinical decision-making in a number of contexts: (i) patients who experience early on-treatment disease activity should be re-evaluated after the lapse of therapeutic lag, (ii) the selection of immunotherapy in patients with active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis should carefully consider the amount of preceding relapsing activity and the risk-vs-benefit ratio, (iii) decisions regarding wash-out durations after discontinuation of disease-modifying therapies should be individualised based on the discontinued therapy and a patient’s clinical profile. Moreover, treatment outcomes in cohorts enriched with patients with higher disability scores should be interpreted with the expected duration of therapeutic lag in sight
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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