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    REPRESENTASI KELAS SOSIAL PADA LIRIK LAGU YANG DINYANYIKAN OLEH TULUS DAN AYU TING TING: KAJIAN BUDAYA

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    Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang representasi kelas sosial dari lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus dan Ayu Ting Ting. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pemaknaan representasi kelas sosial Pierre Bourdieu yaitu legitimate taste dan popular taste dalam lirik lagu bertema cinta yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus dan Ayu Ting Ting. Objek penelitian ini adalah delapan lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus dan delapan lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Ayu Ting Ting, lirik lagu-lagu tersebut dipilih dari tiga album Tulus yang berjudul Tulus, Gajah, Monokrom dan dari empat album Ayu Ting Ting yang berjudul Geol Ajep-Ajep, Alamat Palsu, Best of Ayu Ting Ting dan Kamu, Kamu, Kamu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan melihat teks dan konteks melalui kajian budaya. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan dua buah tabel, tabel yang pertama adalah untuk melihat macam-macam dari tema cinta dalam lirik lagu-lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus dan Ayu Ting Ting, tabel yang kedua adalah untuk melihat representasi kelas sosial Pierre Bourdieu pada lirik lagu-lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus dan Ayu Ting Ting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa representasi kelas sosial tidak hanya dilihat dari pendengar dan latar belakang penyanyi genre musik jazz dan dangdut saja, tetapi representasi kelas sosial juga dapat dilihat dari lirik lagu. Lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus cenderung merepresentasikan kelas selera legitimate taste dan lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Ayu Ting Ting cenderung merepresentasikan kelas selera popular taste. Lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Tulus lebih dominan mengandung majas metafora dan personifikasi dan lirik lagu yang dinyanyikan oleh Ayu Ting Ting lebih dominan menggunalan majas smile atau perbandingan dengan pemilihan kata yang tidak baku. This study aims to obtain information about social class representations from the lyrics of songs sung by Tulus and Ayu Ting Ting. It focuses on the meaning of the representation of Pierre Bourdieu's social class, namely legitimate taste and popular taste in the theme of love in the lyrics of songs sung by Tulus and Ayu Ting Ting. The object of this research is eight song lyrics sung by Tulus and eight song lyrics sung by Ayu Ting Ting, the lyrics of these songs were selected from three of Tulus’ albums entitled Tulus, Gajah, Monokrom, and from four of Ayu Ting Ting’s albums entitled Geol Ajep-Ajep, Alamat Palsu, Best of Ayu Ting Ting dan Kamu, Kamu, Kamu. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method by looking at the text and context through a review of cultural studies. This study uses two tables as research instrument, the first table is to see the kinds of love themes in the lyrics of the songs sung by Tulus and Ayu Ting Ting, the second table is to see the representation of Pierre Bourdieu's social class in the lyrics of the songssung by Tulus and Ayu Ting Ting. The results shows that the representation of social class is not only seen from the listener and the background of the music jazz and dangdut singers, but it can also be seen from the song lyrics. The song lyrics sung by Tulus tends to represent the class of legitimate taste and the song lyrics sung by Ayu Ting Ting tends to represent the class of popular taste. The song lyrics sung by Tulus were more dominant in containing metaphore and personification of figure of speech, and the song lyrics sung by Ayu Ting Ting were more dominant in using simile or comparisons with informal word choices

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used

    Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902

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    In Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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