704 research outputs found
Nominal vs real wage rigidities in New Keynesian models with hiring costs: A Bayesian evaluation
No full textThe inclusion of labor market frictions in the new Keynesian DSGE model overcomes the main drawbacks of the baseline framework. In this paper we show that this extended model, by assuming real wage rigidities, does not replicate the correct wage dynamics and the negative conditional correlation between technology shocks and employment observed in the data, known as the "productivity-employment puzzle". We show also that these empirical limitations can be overcome by replacing real wage rigidities with nominal wage rigidities, without sacrificing other appealing features of the model. We adopt a Bayesian perspective to estimate the dynamic properties of the model with real wage rigidities and compare them with those of the model with nominal wage rigidities. We show that the evidence favors this latter construction. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Nominal v. Real Wage Rigidities in New Keynesian Models with Hiring Costs: A Bayesian Evaluation
No full textLa valutazione ex-ante socio-economica: un'applicazione di system dynamics
No full textIl capitolo si fonda sulla seguente articolazione. La prima sezione (§ 1) parte dalle domande valutative aperte per porre a tema le questioni metodologiche che verranno successivamente sviluppate. Preliminare diviene però la sottolineatura del supporto offerto dai modelli di SD nel trattare le alternative (with/without) e nell’apprezzare gli effetti degli innumerevoli what/if che nascono al programmatore nella fase di fine tuning del Programma e di allocazione del budget sulle differenti Misure.
Segue quindi (§ 2) la discussione che porta alla costruzione del modello (la rappresentazione stilizzata del sistema di socio–territoriale oggetto di intervento) a partire da una visione di sviluppo complessa che valorizza le tre dimensioni intrinsecamente connesse nella generazione della sostenibilità: prosperità economica, qualità della vita e qualità ambientale. Tutta la sezione 2 risulta fortemente “circolare” nell’esposizione dei contenuti. Di per sé, non è compiutamente apprezzabile l’esposizione del modello (§ 2.1) senza la conoscenza delle logiche sottostanti gli indicatori (§ 2.2). Per questo sono frequentemente utilizzati anticipazioni e rimandi. Anche la sezione 3, relativa alla calibrazione del modello, è fondamentale per la comprensione dei concetti prima esposti. Si confida dunque che il lettore abbia la pazienza di arrivare alla conclusione delle due sezioni (§§ 2 e 3) per valutare il modello presentato. La scelta espositiva fatta, tra le molte possibili, ha privilegiato l’ottica valutativa, secondo la sequenza: causalità (§ 2.1), variabili–risultato (§ 2.2), e contro–fattuale (§ 2.3).
Fino a questo momento il modello è stato introdotto come visione d’insieme – lo schema della Figura 1 – mentre la sezione 3 è dedicata ad una più puntuale spiegazione della sua logica di funzionamento e all’evidenziazione delle scelte costruttive sottostanti. In particolare vengono discusse le scelte di calibrazione iniziale del modello (scenario di “lento declino”) e la “preferenza per la varietà” del policy maker in relazione al policy–mix adottato.
Il capitolo prosegue con una sezione (§ 4) dedicata alle leve di policy. È qui che si salda lo specifico dei contenuti del DocUP con il modello valutativo proposto. Le Misure previste (20 sui 3 Assi in cui si declina il programma) sono infatti ricondotte a 8 leve di policy la cui interpretazione immediata è in termini di allocazione di budget.
La sezione conclusiva (§ 5) tira le fila del ragionamento sviluppato sottolineando le potenzialità dello strumento nell’offrire alcune risposte fondamentali al programmatore ed esaltando l’estrema flessibilità dello strumento che consente pertanto una elevata adattabilità a specifici contesti territoriali e differenti politiche
Il distretto del legno-arredo: una storia che viene da lontano
No full textl capitolo analizza la struttura produttiva distrettuale e la sua dinamica intercensuaria e approfondisce il tema della nati-mortalità imprenditoriale utilizzando i dati Movimprese raccolti dalla Camera di Commercio
High-Tech Firms and the Dynamics of Innovative Industrial Clusters
No full textIndustrial clusters have been defined as “a spatial and sectoral concentrations of firms” (Bresnahan et al. 2002). Innovative industrial clusters have been defined either as those clusters which, in a given period of time, have displayed a high level of innovative outputs or, more generally, as those cluster whose sectoral specialisation is in “high-tech industries” defined on the basis of innovative inputs.Aim of this chapter is to discuss the empirical identification and measurement of innovative industrial clusters; to present a theoretical framework for the analysis of clusters development; to analyse the dynamics of a restricted sample of high-tech industries across the US (over the period 19882003
Sustainable interrelated growth: a phenomenal approach
No full textThe chapter deals with the two driving forces of dynamic competitiveness - robustness of local connection and openness of the teritorial system - through a Solovian approach. Firstly we explain how TSPI growth relies on innovation, which remains the main trigger of territorial growth, secondly we model the growth relation by operationalising 'robustness' and 'openness' phenomeno through human capital. Further in the chapter we deal with alternative ways of looking at human capital accumulation and at the deriving alternative policies
European Regional Convergence: Some Evidence for the Role of Information and Communication Technologies
No full textIn the last decades, the debate on convergence in Europe has captured the attention of academics and politicians. The issue that has received most attention is the ’supposed’ catching-up of European countries with respect to the United States after World War II. Usually, conditional and unconditional convergence was found mainly in the sixties and seventies and more weakly in the eighties and nineties. Enlarging the analysis to the world economy, convergence was found for some country groups (i.e. the OECD countries) but not for others. Recently two related issues have emerged in the research agenda. The first one concerns the renovated role that regions play in the growth process, together with the issue of regional disparities and convergence across- regions. The second one concerns the role of ICT and, more generally, of the knowledge economy, in fostering or hindering growth and regional disparities. On the first issue, our empirical analysis finds evidence of (absolute and conditional) convergence. We also find that both ICT diffusion and its rate of change positively affect steady state variables, whereas human capital seems to play a counterintuitive role. Though some caveats apply, ICT seem to play a role in determining regional steady states. This result should lead policy makers to adopt the right measures favouring the diffusion and adoption of ICT
Does Migration Reduce Regional Disparities? The Role of Skill-Selective Flows
No full textThe existence of income per capita disparities is a striking feature of European regional
development, while increasing internal migration is often cited as a convergence factor.
This paper states that this argument is too simple if migration concerns skilled workers.
To support this statement, the focus is on skill-selective migration flows: first, it is shown
how easily they can happen (for instance, they can be caused by different regional wage
settings); then, a model is used to investigate the effects of different regional endowments
of immobile factors on migration. The model shows that skill-selective migration can, in
some cases, lead to increasing income per capita disparities and, for this reason, policy
makers need to pay attention when attempting to narrow regional disparities by easing
interregional migration
Tudor Translation in Theory and Practice
No full textFilling a gap in the study of early modern literature, Massimiliano Morini here exhaustively examines the aims, strategies, practice and theoretical ideas of the sixteenth-century translator. Morini analyzes early modern English translations of works by French and Italian essayists and poets, including Montaigne, Castiglione, Ariosto and Tasso, and of works by classical writers such as Virgil and Petrarch. In the process, he demonstrates how connected translation is with other cultural and literary issues: women as writers, literary relations between Italy and England, the nature of the author, and changes in the English language. Since English Tudor writers, unlike their Italian contemporaries, did not write theoretical treatises, the author works empirically to extrapolate the theory that informs the practice of Tudor translation - he deduces several cogent theoretical principles from the metaphors and figures of speech used by translators to describe translation. Employing a good blend of theory and practice, the author presents the Tudor period as a crucial transitional moment in the history of translation, from the medieval tradition (which in secular literature often entailed radical departure from the original) to the more subtle modern tradition (which prizes the invisibility of the translator and fluency of the translated text). Morini points out that this is also a period during which ideas about language and about the position of England on the political and cultural map of Europe undergo dramatic change, and he convincingly argues that the practice of translation changes as new humanistic methods are adapted to the needs of a country that is expanding its empire
The Faunæ Ligusticæ Fragmenta of Massimiliano Spinola (1805).
No full textDie Faunæ Ligusticæ Fragmenta, Decas Prima, 1805, waren der erste und einzige gedruckte Teil eines geplanten Werkes über die Insekten Liguriens. Er wurde auf Kosten seines Autors Massimiliano Spinola gedruckt. Soweit bekannt ist, blieb nur eine Kopie erhalten, da sein Autor kurzerhand und mit beinahe vollem Erfolg versuchte, ihn zu unterdrücken. Ob die Faunæ damit als valid publiziert gelten müssen oder nicht, wird diskutiert. Hier wird begründet, daß die Faunæ im strengen Sinne der Internationalen Regeln für die Zoologische Nomenklatur nicht gültig veröffentlicht worden sind und daß die wenigen Taxa, alle Hymenoptera, die darin beschrieben sind, mit den Namen bezeichnet werden sollten, einige etwas verändert, unter denen sie in den Insectorum Liguriæ, Bd. I, 1806, des gleichen Autors erstmals gültig publiziert wurden.StichwörterBibliography, Italy, Insecta, Hymenoptera.The Faunæ Ligusticæ Fragmenta, Decas Prima, 1805, was the first and only part to be printed of a projected work on the insects of Liguria. It was printed at the expense of its author, Massimiliano Spinola, and, so far as is known, only one copy survives, this primarily for the reason that its author shortly, and almost entirely successfully, sought to suppress it. Whether the Faunæ was or was not validly published has been disputed. It is argued here that the Faunæ was not validly published within a strict reading of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and that the few taxa, all Hymenoptera, described in it should be known by the names, some altered, under which they were first validly published in the same author\u27s Insectorum Liguriæ, volume I, 1806.KeywordsBibliography, Italy, Insecta, Hymenoptera
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