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Manajemen perubahan: Telaah konseptual, filosofis dan praksis terhadap kebutuhan melakukan perubahan dalam organisasi
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The Development Of Experiential Learning Exposition Text Based On Experiential Learning Text
Get PDFThis study aims to find out about the results of development of teaching materials writing exposition experiential-based text on students of class X SMA Unggul East Aceh. The research method used is research and development research and development (R & D) method. The trial subjects consisted of 3 students with individual trials, 9 students with small group trials, and 32 students with limited field trials. Data collection techniques used observation, interview, questionnaire and expository writing test. The results showed that this proves that teaching materials to write exposed text developed to improve student learning outcomes by using experiential learning method
Urutan Pemerolehan Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia Murid Sekolah Dasar di Kota Perapat
No full textThe aim of the research is to describe sequences of acquisition of Indonesian sentences, based on the mother tongue and age of student. The method used in this research is descriptive correlation method. Total students chosen as samples are 160. They are 40 students of 9 to 10 years old whose mother tongue is Batak Language (BL), 40 students of 11 to 12 years old whose mother tongue is BL, 40 students 9 to 10 years old whose mother tongue is Javanese language (JL) and 40 students of 11 to 12 years old whose mother tongue is JL. The data is obtained by giving a guided composition test to students. From the test given, it is found out that each composition written by individual sample contains different sentences. This data is analyzed by group score methods. To compare the sequences of acquisition of Indonesian sentences by four group of students, it is done by correlation co efficiency of Spearman. The findings obtained, are as follows. First, there are common sequences in acquisition Indonesian sentences among the four groups of students. Second, there are no different sequences in acquisition of Indonesian sentences among the four group of students. These findings prove that the prior hypothesis is accepted. It means that the mother tongue and age of the students do not contribute to the sequences of acquisition of Indonesian sentences. The implication of this finding is that a teacher does not need to pay attention to different native language of the ages mentioned above learners when teaching Indonesian to them.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan urutan pemerolehan kalimat Bahasa Indonesia (BI) murid Sekolah Dasar di Kota Parapat dan mendeskripsikan perbedaan urutan pemerolehan kalimat BI ditinjau dari bahasa ibu dan umur murid. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasional. Jumlah murid yang dijadikan sampel sebanyak 160 orang. Mereka terdiri atas: 40 orang berumur 9 - 10 tahun berbahasa ibu bahasa Batak (BB), 40 orang berumur 11 - 12 tahun berbahasa ibu bahasa Batak (BB), 40 orang berumur 9 ~ 10 tahun berbahasa ibu bahasa Jawa (BJ), dan 40 orang berumur 11 - 12 tahun berbahasa ibu bahasa Jawa (BJ). Data diperoleh dengan memberikan tes mengarang terbimbing kepada murid. Dari tes yang diberikan ini, diperoleh karangan berbahasa Indonesia yang memiliki bermacam-macam kalimat. Data ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode skor kelompok. Untuk membandingkan urutan pemerolehan kalimat BI keempat kelompok murid tersebut dilakukan penghitungan koefisien korelasi tata jenjang Spearman. Beberapa temuan yang diperoleh sebagai berikut. Pertama, ada urutan umum dalam pemerolehan kalimat BI keempat kelompok murid tersebut. Kedua, tidak ada perbedaan urutan dalam pemerolehan kalimat BI di antara keempat kelompok murid tersebut. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan diterima. Hal ini berarti bahwa bahasa ibu dan umur murid tidak berperan terhadap urutan pemerolehan kalimat BI. Implikasi temuan ini adalah seorang guru tidak perlu memperhatikan perbedaan bahasa ibu dan umur murid pada waktu mengajarkan bahasa Indonesia kepada mereka117 halamanTesis Magiste
Metafungsi dan Konteks Sosial dalam Teks Imlek Peserta Didik Etnik Tionghoa Medan
No full textThis dissertation entitled “Metafunction and Social Context of the Imlek Text
of the Students in Medan”. The object of this study is the Imlek texts written in
Bahasa Indonesia and English and 18 texts obtained from SMA Budi Utomo, SMA
Sutomo, and SMA Wahidin Sudiro Husodo were selected to be the samples for this
study. These three schools are the reformed schools whose students are mostly
Chinese. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Chinese students convey
their message. The problems discussed included the metafunction of language, social
context, the pattern of the relationship between metafunction and social context, and
the local wisdom found in the text of discourse written in Bahasa Indonesia and
English in the communication system of the Chinese young generation in the City of
Medan.
In analyzing metafunction of language and social context, The Systemic
Functional Linguistic theory with positivism and post-positivism paradigm was used
in analyzing the metafunction of language and social context. Qualitative descriptive
method was used to apply the post-positivism paradigm and Quantitative descriptive
method was used to apply positivism paradigm. As the basis for the study of language
context, language metafunction plays an important role in the text of discourse.
Language metafunction is the use of language in expressing thought or idea and
experience in the text of discourse. Language context is related to the contexts of
situation, culture and ideology.
The result of the study of language metafunction can be seen from the
ideational function of the text written in Bahasa Indonesia showing three types of
dominant processes, namely, material, relational and behavioral processes. In the
contrary, the text written in English showed three dominant processes, namely,
material, mental and relational processes. Then, action and reaction appeared in the
interpersonal function. The domination of action in the statement was responded by
the reaction in the forms of mental process, epithet, modality, euphemism, and
connotative in clause. Further, in its textual function the marked theme was more
dominant than the unmarked theme. The social context found in the situational
context brought up the field, tenor and mode that was constant in nature and similar
between the text of discourse witten in Bahasa Indonesia and the one written in
English. The situational context brought up the tenor, namely, family members and
friends who are celebrating Imlek that it limits the iterrogative and imperative things
in speaking and behaving. This mode was written in two versions, namely description
and narration. Then, the cultural context based on the experience of the subject of
study either in own family and Chinese community environment from generation to
generation. Then, the context of ideology found in the text of discourse such as
believing in the legends or the stories about the occurrence of religious activities and
tradition. The pattern of the relationship between metafunction and social context of
the text of discourse written in Bahasa Indonesia and English in the communication
system of Chinese young generation in the city of Medan is positive and closer and it shows that there is a correlation between the two variables. This means that if the
quality of language metafunction is increased, the truth of the social context in
speaking will increase too, The local wisdom seen through the Imlek text of discourse
is categorized into three categories such as tradition, ritual and prohibition. Prayer
or ritual practiced is originated from the history or legend.
The pattern of relationships between metafunction and social context of the
students’ texts both in Indonesian and English in the communication system of ethnic
Tionghoa students in Medan was positive and much closer and showed a correlation
between the two variables. It means that if the more qualified metafunction of
language, the more enhanced social context truth in language.
Local wisdom traditions reflected in the Imlek text were categorized in three parts:
the traditions, rituals, and prohibitions.Disertasi ini berjudul Metafungsi dan Konteks Sosial Teks Imlek Peserta
Didik Etnik Tionghoa Medan. Teks Imlek yang dijadikan bahan penelitian berbahasa
Indonesia dan Inggris. Sampel penelitian ini diambil dari tiga sekolah yang menjadi
populasi penelitian. Adapun tiga sekolah tersebut yaitu SMA Budi Utomo, SMA
Sutomo, dan SMA Wahidin Sudiro Husodo. Tiga sekolah ini merupakan sekolah
pembaharuan yang siswanya sebagian besar beretnik Tionghoa. Penelitian terhadap
teks bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris ini dimaksudkan utuk mengetahui bagaimana
peserta didik beretnik Tionghoa dalam mengekspresikan pesan. Dari hasil
identifikasi, maka masalah yang dibahas meliputi metafungsi bahasa, konteks sosial,
pola hubungan metafungsi dan konteks sosial teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia dan
Inggris, dan kearifan loal traisi Imlek dalam teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia dan
Inggris dalam sistem komunikasi peserta didik etnik Tionghoa di Kota Medan.
Di dalam penganalisisan metafungsi bahasa dan konteks sosial digunakan
teori Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan
kuantitatif. Sebagai dasar kajian konteks bahasa, metafungsi bahasa berperan penting
dalam teks wacana tersebut. Metafungsi bahasa merupakan pemakaian bahasa dalam
mengungkapkan pikiran atau ide dan pengalaman pada teks wacana. Metafungsi
bahasa menggambarkan fungsi bahasa teks wacana yang mendasari kajian konteks
bahasa. Konteks bahasa berkaitan dengan konteks situasi, konteks budaya, dan
konteks ideologi. Oleh karena itu, setiap klausa dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa
Inggris diidentifikasi dan dianalisis fungsi ideasional, fungsi interpersonal, dan fungsi
tekstualnya. Dari hasil analisis metafungsi bahasa tersebut, dilakukan uji silang
terhadap konteks situasi, konteks budaya, dan konteks ideologi sebagai sesuatu yang
berkonstrual dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris.. Dengan
demikian, dapat ditemukan hubungan metafungsi bahasa dan konteks sosial teks
wacana yang ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah metafungsi bahasa dalam teks wacana berbahasa
Indonesia dan berbahasa Inggris yang digunakan oleh peserta didik etnik Tionghoa di
Kota Medan yaitu: fungsi ideasional teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia dan berbahasa
Inggris yakni teks berbahasa Indonesia terdapat tiga jenis proses yang dominan,
yakni proses material, proses relasional, dan proses tingkah laku. Sebaliknya, teks
berbahasa Inggris memperlihatkan tiga proses yang dominan, yakni proses material,
mental dan relasional. Kemudian, fungsi interpersonal teks wacana berbahasa
Indonesia dan berbahasa Inggris memunculkan aksi dan reaksi. Setiap pemunculan
aksi memunculkan juga reaksi. Pemunculan aksi yang diungkapkan oleh dominasi
aksi dalam kalimat pernyataan disambut oleh reaksi berupa proses mental, epitet,
modalitas, eufemisme, dan konotatif dalam klausa.Selanjutnya Fungsi tekstual teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia dan berbahasa Inggris yang lebih dominan adalah tema
tidak lazim daripada tema lazim.
Konteks sosial dalam teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia dan berbahasa Inggris
Konteks situasi memunculkan medan wacana, pelibat wacana, dan sarana wacana
yang bersifat konstan dan nyaris sama. Konteks situasi tergambar suasana Imlek di
lingkungan keluarga penulis. Sarana wacana ini ditulis dalam dua versi, yaitu
deskripsi dan narasi. Kemudian konteks budaya pada teks yang menggambarkan
perayaan Imlek yang didasari oleh pengalaman subjek penelitian baik di lingkungan
keluarga maupun masyarakat Tionghoa. Konteks budaya tersebut tergambar pada
teks wacana yaitu budaya Imlek yang dilakukan dilingkungan keluarga secara turun
temurun. Selanjutnya Konteks idiologi yang terdapat pada teks wacana tersebut yaitu
mempercayai legenda atau kisah-kisah munculnya kegiatan keagamaan dan tradisi.
Nilai kebersamaan, keakraban, memberi nasehat dan saling menghormati dan
menyayangi orang tua tergambar pada berkunjung pada orang tua lebih dahulu dari
yang muda. Memaknai perangkat-perangkat yang digunakan pada kegiatan Imlek
misalnya ampau, lampion, kueh bakul, baju merah, tebu, jeruk dll sangat jelas. Dalam
teks wacana peserta didik, larangan atau mitos tergambar jelas dan dipercayai. Hal
tersebut menunjukkan bahwa konteks idiologi masyarakat Tionghoa tentang Imlek
cukup kuat.
Pola hubungan metafungsi dan konteks sosial teks wacana berbahasa Indonesia
dan Inggris dalam sistem komunikasi peserta didik etnik Tionghoa di Kota Medan
adalah positif dan semakin erat dan menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara kedua
variabel. Hal ini bermakna apabila kualitas metafungsi bahasa ditingkatkan maka
akan meningkat pula kebenaran konteks sosial dalam berbahasa.
Kearifan budaya lokal tradisi Imlek yang tergambar dalam teks wacana Imlek
dikategorikan pada tiga bagian yaitu: tradisi, ritual, dan larangan.449 HalamanDisertasi Dokto
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
THE ENGLISH BLENDING WORDS IN INDONESIAN’S NEWSPAPERS
Get PDFBlending offers a unique and unusual character which is frequently used by mass because of its creativity and this study aims to figure out the pattern of English blending words in Indonesian’s newspaper created and the meanings of those blending words. The study found that the complex words shows the pattern. The pattern of those analyzed complex words are categorized into AB + CD =AD. These patterns are based on Plag’s theory about blending words. The meaning of those complex words was built based on the first and the second words. It follows the pattern of AD, namely the first term (A) and the last term (D) are combined. The twenty blending words discussed are not common in English itself. It is because these English complex words have been domesticated by Indonesian’s terms
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