6,210 research outputs found
DASS Well- A New Concept of Multiple Zone Well Completion
No full textAbstract
Over the years, several techniques for multiple zone well completions were evolved in oil industry but due to some or other reasons the popularity of multiple zone well completions lost. Earlier attempts for multiple zone completions were to use multiple tubing or commingling large number reservoirs. Now a new concept of well completion is available in which all the advantages of multiple tubing completions and commingle production can be retained with a single tubing well completions.
The name of the concept well is DASS well. DASS well stands for Dynamically Activated Super Solution wells. The well architecture is radically different from existing well completions. The reservoir fluid enters the well bore through a production chamber. Production chamber is one device which is set over perforations. Multiple production chambers can be installed in a well depending upon the number of zones available for production. A multiphase flow meter and fluid flow control valve are fitted in the production chamber which is operated from surface control panel. The well fluid is flowed from production chamber through control valve to the well bore. The well depth depends upon the expected fluid production rate. A down hole pump is installed to pump the liquid through tubing and gas is produced through annulus in such a way that surface separation minimized/eliminated.
In this paper, the author introduces "DASS well" - the new concept of multiple zone well completion with detailed description and diagram with its advantages and disadvantages.
Deepwater development demands a simple and cheap well completion technology which can help in efficient production, handling, storage and transportation of oil and gas in addition enhancing oil production through advance processes. DASS WELL-the new concept for multiple zone well completion can prove helpful in this direction.</jats:p
Was bringt die Föderalismusreform? Wahrscheinliche Effekte der geänderten Zustimmungspflicht
No full textThe recently enacted reform of German federalism is supposed to make legislation faster, more efficient and better. To what extent are these expectations justified? In order to assess the likely effects of the reform, this study uses a research design that was recently applied by the Research and Reference Services of the German Bundestag (parliament): we estimate the future effects of the reform by analyzing the impact it would have had on the legislation in the 14th and 15th term of the Bundestag if it had already been been in force at that time. In particular we ask: To what extent would the number of laws requiring the consent of the states' chamber, the Bundesrat, have been reduced? Which type of laws would have been affected by this reduction - the more controversial ones, or the less controversial ones? Which policy sectors would have seen the greatest reduction? How much would the reduction have increased the government's capacity to act effectively? Would the legislative process have been accelerated? -- Die verabschiedete Föderalismusreform soll die Gesetzgebung in Deutschland schneller, effizienter und besser machen. Inwiefern sind diese Erwartungen berechtigt? Zur Abschätzung der Reformfolgen auf die Bundesgesetzgebung folgen wir in dem vorliegenden Working Paper einer Vorgehensweise, die der Wissenschaftliche Dienst des Bundestages kürzlich in einer Studie angewandt hat: Die Auswirkungen der Föderalismusreform insbesondere auf die Zustimmungspflicht werden anhand der Gesetzgebung der 14. und 15. Legislaturperiode untersucht. Wir fragen insbesondere: Wie stark hätte sich der Anteil der Zustimmungsgesetze verringert, wenn die neuen Zustimmungsregeln schon in diesen beiden Legislaturperioden gegolten hätten? Wären eher zwischen Regierung strittige oder unstrittige Gesetze von der Zustimmungspflicht befreit worden? Welche Politikbereiche wären betroffen? Wie sehr hätte sich die politische Handlungsfreiheit der Bundesregierung erhöht? Wäre die Gesetzgebung durch die veränderten Zustimmungsregeln beschleunigt worden?
«Mitt namn er Petter Dass, som bur mot norskfagets ende»
No full textSchool reforms in recent decades, such as Kunnskapsløftet 2006, have expanded the Norwegian common core subject to include new text cultures and competence aims. A curriculum based on classic works of fiction is long gone. This development has had a twofold result on a historical author such as Petter Dass. On the one hand, we no longer read him as national literature; it may cause some teachers not seeing the value of teaching about the poet-priest at school. But on the other hand, new text cultures bring with them a softening of the traditional division between fiction and non-fiction. It has a fortunate effect: a rediscovery of the historical Petter Dass and new perspectives on Dass\u27s poetry. In this article, I first examine rediscoveries of the historical authorship of Petter Dass, as Dass as a didactic and as an author of natural history. I then examine the presentation of the poet-priest in a selection of new textbooks for the school to see if any new insights of the poet-priest are included. The article shows both fortunate and unfortunate results in renewing the presentation of the renaissance poet in recent textbooks.Skulereformer dei seinaste tiåra, som Kunnskapslyftet 2006, har utvida norskfaget med nye tekstkulturar og kompetansemål. Eit pensum i norskfaget basert på klassiske skjønnlitterære verk er for lengst passé. Denne utviklinga har hatt eit todelt utfall på ein historisk forfattarskap som Petter Dass. På den eine sida les vi ikkje han lenger som nasjonallitteratur; det kan føre til at nokon heller ikkje ser verdien av å undervise om diktarpresten i skulen. Men på den andre sida fører nye tekstkulturar med seg ei oppmjuking av det tradisjonelle skiljet mellom fag- og skjønnlitteratur. Det har ein heldig effekt: ei gjenoppdaging av den historiske Petter Dass og nye perspektiv på Dass’ dikting. I denne artikkelen undersøkjer eg for det fyrste historiske sider ved Petter Dass; Dass som didaktikar og som naturhistorisk forfattar. Deretter undersøkjer eg omtalen av diktarpresten i eit utval nye læreverk for å finne ut om nye sider ved diktarpresten er komne med. Artikkelen viser både heldige og uheldige freistnader på å fornye formidlinga av barokkdiktaren i nyare læreverk
Arzneimittelinformationen für Apotheker und Patienten : Analyse der Anforderungen, des Angebots, der Nutzung und der Rolle des Internets
No full textBackground: The transformation of pharmacy practice from the focus on drug
manufacturing to a patient-centred focus as well as the “informed patient” have influenced
the use, the needs and requirements of pharmacists and patients regarding drug information.
Important elements of these developments are the information- and communicationtechnologies,
especially the Internet and eHealth. High quality, easy accessible drug
information is essential when dealing with drugs.
Objective: To analyze the current use, needs and wishes regarding drug information by
pharmacists and patients. A special focus was on the role of the Internet. The different
investigations should help to set the basis for drug information sources tailored to the needs
of the pharmacists and contribute to the best possible patient care. Additionally, the basis for
appropriate continuing education should be established.
Methods: This PhD thesis is structured as a “Paper-Dissertation” which consists of two
articles and three original articles. Next to the five articles, there is an introduction, methods,
discussion and conclusions.
Expert survey: The expert-survey (inspired by the Delphi-Method) with 71 experts was
conducted as an e-mail survey. The experts were confronted with two rounds of questions
(three open and four question with pre-set responses). They were asked about the possible
impact future developments could have on pharmacy practice and on drug information
sources and information needs. The answers were summarized anonymously.
Use of drug information by community pharmacists: Postal survey to a stratified random
sample of 223 community pharmacies from the German speaking part of Switzerland. The
48-item questionnaire consisted of a total of 48 questions addressing the following topics: 1)
Use of drug information sources in daily practice. 2) Use of drug information sources to solve
specific drug-related problems. 3) Pharmacists’ perspective of the professional future. 4)
Infrastructure of the pharmacy. 5) Demographic data. In addition, a telephone-survey to a
random sample of 20 nonresponders was performed in order to test for non-response bias.
Use of drug information by patients: The survey was performed using a structured interview
in which patients visiting nine different community pharmacies were asked questions by
pharmacy students trained to apply this tightly structured interview. The interview consisted
of a total of 41 questions. Topics addressed included: A.) Patients’ needs for drug
information. B.) Specific use of drug information sources to address drug related problems.
C) The use of new information technologies. D.) Demographic data. Nonresponders were
characterised as well.
Pharmacies on the Internet: A) Internet-search to determine the number of Swiss German
pharmacies that are present on the Internet. B) To investigate the responses to an e-mail
request for advice using a case of intermenstrual bleedings during concomitant intake of St. John’s wort and an oral contraceptive. C.) Internet-based survey to explore the Swiss
German pharmacies’ experiences and plans regarding their websites.
Focus Group Discussion: The discussion was held among the five members of the project
group and was lead by a moderator who addressed the following topics: Drug information / IT
/ Community pharmacy / Patient. The discussion was tape recorded and later summarized.
Results:
Expert survey: The community pharmacy has to transform more into an information centre.
Individual patient care will be important. The pharmacists need appropriate drug information
sources which have to be easily accessible, up to date, trustworthy and address the needs of
the patients who demand fast access to information. The pharmacists need to be able to
support patients in interpreting the information, they need to be familiar with IT and they need
communication skills. Continuing professional development programmes are among the
most important tools for pharmacists.
Use of drug information by pharmacists: A total of 108 pharmacists (response rate 48%)
reported that the official Swiss drug reference book is still the most popular source of drug
information. The Internet as a source of drug information is of minor importance, even though
88% of the pharmacies have Internet access. Deficits in drug information were reported for:
Paediatrics, phytotherapy, drugs during pregnancy/lactation, therapy guidelines. According to
35% of the pharmacists, the pharmacy has to transform into an information center; 63% do
not expect that pharmacists will be increasingly active in the field of diagnostics.
Use of drug information by patients: The analysis of 203 (response rate: 62%) interviews
revealed that the patients expressed great needs regarding drug information comprising
most aspects of drug use. However, 25% of the patients want to be given comprehensive
information about drugs by pharmacists only upon their own demand. Pharmacists remain
the most preferred source of drug information. 75% are happy with the available information
sources; deficits were expressed regarding counselling in pharmacies and the package
insert. 49% of the patients use the Internet. 61% of the Internet users retrieve information
concerning health topics online. 2% of the Internet users have so far purchased drugs online.
Pharmacies on the Internet: By April of 2003, 373 (44%) community pharmacies were
present on the Internet. Of the 107 (response rate 58%) pharmacies answering the survey
questions, 46% are present on the Internet since 1-2 years, 33% of the websites are part of a
pharmacy group’s web portal, 31% of the pharmacies plan to expand their Internet
appearance in the future, 40% provide e-commerce-services (non-pharmaceutical products
are the most popular). A lot of pharmacists have little knowledge regarding the legal situation
of e-commerce with drugs in Switzerland. 84% responded to the e-mail request for advice;
73% were received within 24 hours, 9% ignored the problem and gave no advice. Focus Group Discussion: The participants mentioned, that there is a danger that there could
be a gap in the future between the expectations and needs of the patients regarding
counselling in pharmacies and the amount of information they get from pharmacists.
Pharmacists need drug information that is short and tailored to their needs.
Discussion and Conclusions:
The use of the available drug information sources has not significantly changed since the last
survey (1986) in Switzerland. Pharmacists still primarily use traditional sources of
information. Pharmacists seem to lack knowledge about the variety of the available drug
information sources. They should be informed in continuing education seminars about the
newest available drug information sources and how to use them. Pharmacists need
information sources that are specifically tailored to their needs and that are relevant, short
and reliable. The Internet needs to be considered as an important source of drug information.
The skills on how to retrieve and interpret information for the individual patient situation are
essential. To become a contact point for all sorts of health related problems, the community
pharmacists need to be able to support patients in interpreting the fast growing amount of
information. As patients are very demanding in their needs for drug information, it remains a
continuous challenge for the community pharmacists to meet the individual expectations of
the patients and to individually target their information services. Even though a large part of
the patients know the Internet as a possible source of drug information, it is still rarely
(pharmacists do not use it often either) used to retrieve health related information. The
widespread access to the Internet in community pharmacies is a good starting point to use
the new technology for a trend setting pharmacy practice. The new information technologies
will become tools for more efficiency regarding administrative manners, continuing education,
communication and exchange of data among health professionals, health insurance
companies and drug manufacturers. There is a gap regarding the legal situation of ecommerce
with drugs (e-commerce with drugs is generally prohibited) and the offerings (40%
of the pharmacies on the Internet offer e-commerce services) and the needs (30% of the
patients are not reluctant to order drugs online in the future).
Due to the need (according to this study) for high quality websites, a commentated list
containing websites for pharmacists was published by the author. Due to more and more
individualized therapies, up to date, relevant drug information that fulfills high quality
standards will gain importance. Because the instruments used in this study proved to be
useful tools, it is possible and necessary to regularly repeat the surveys on the use of drug
information by pharmacists and patients in order to constantly improve drug information
sources and provide the best patient care possible
Measuring depression, anxiety, and stress in nursing students using the DASS-21 scale
No full textDepression, anxiety, and stress are common among college-aged students in America, with 1 in 5 students experiencing anxiety and/or depression; many students go untreated for these negative mental states because of the social stigma attached to therapy and medication or because of a lack of available resources available to these students (Paynenburg & Mehta, 2019). Prolonged negative mental states in nursing students can lead to an increase in adverse patient outcomes such as medication errors (1 in 5 nurses had reported medication errors to occur in their patients occasionally and frequently) and inability to recall important assessment information or orders (Maharaj, Lees & Lal, 2018). Patient outcomes can vary from adverse medication reactions or even death.
Nursing school students were predicted to have high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress due to academic and career pressures. Academic literature research showed that the DASS-21 was a reliable tool to measure depression, anxiety, and stress in nursing students and registered nurses. Before the assessment, a pilot study with two volunteers was completed; their responses are not included in the final data set. A sample of 50 nursing students from the Fall 2019 University of West Florida Bachelor of Science Nursing program volunteered to take the DASS-21 using a secure online survey tool, Qualtrics. Depression levels were the lowest of the three domains. The average scores for depression anxiety, and stress were 4.84 out of 14, 7.96 out of 10, and 9.08 out of 17 respectively
Automatisches Klassifizieren : Verfahren zur Erschliessung elektronischer Dokumente
No full textAutomatic classification of text documents refers to the computerized allocation of class numbers from existing classification schemes to natural language texts by means of suitable algorithms. Based upon a comprehensive literature review, this thesis establishes an informed and up-to-date view of the applicability of automatic classification for the subject approach to electronic documents, particularly to Web resources. Both methodological aspects and the experiences drawn from relevant projects and applications are covered. Concerning methodology, the present state-of-the-art comprises a number of statistical approaches that rely on machine learning; these methods use pre-classified example documents for establishing a model - the "classifier" - which is then used for classifying new documents. However, the four large-scale projects conducted in the 1990s by the Universities of Lund, Wolverhampton and Oldenburg, and by OCLC (Dublin, OH), still used rather simple and more traditional methodological approaches. These projects are described and analyzed in detail. As they made use of traditional library classifications their results are significant for LIS, even if no permanent quality services have resulted from these endeavours. The analysis of other relevant applications and projects reveals a number of attempts to use automatic classification for document processing in the fields of patent and media documentation. Here, semi-automatic solutions that support human classifiers are preferred, due to the yet unsatisfactory classification results obtained by fully automated systems. Other interesting implementations include Web portals, search engines and (commercial) information services, whereas only little interest has been shown in the automatic classification of books and bibliographic records. In the concluding part of the study the author discusses the most significant applications and projects, and also addresses several problems and issues in the context of automatic classification
Digitale Editionsformen. Zum Umgang mit der Überlieferung unter den Bedingungen des Medienwandels. Teil 1: Das typografische Erbe.[Preprint-Fassung]
No full textDigitale Editionsformen müssen auf dem Methodenstand der gedruckten Editionen aufbauen. Hier sind der Lachmannsche Ansatz der Textrekonstruktion und die Verfahren der historisch-kritischen Ausgabe im Laufe der Zeit zwar dominant geworden, aber nicht alternativlos geblieben. Die Kritik an diesen Methoden ist so alt wie diese selbst, und viele andere Schulen haben sich neben ihnen etabliert. Die verschiedenen Ansätze lassen sich als Produkt ihrer Zeit und als Funktion bestimmter theoretischer Grundbegriffe und Grundannahmen beschreiben. Vor allem aber sind sie nicht nur historisch und theoretisch, sondern immer auch "technisch relativ", weil Typografie und Druckkultur unsere Theorien vom Text und unsere Methoden der Edition beeinflussen. Ein Verständnis dieser Abhängigkeit unserer scheinbar "natürlichen" Editionsvorstellungen von einer bestimmten Technik ist ein wichtiger Ausgangspunkt für die Entwicklung neuer Editionsformen
Petter Dass’ ordforråd – hans kilder og hans forfatterskap som kilde for ordbøker
No full textThe vocabulary of the first great Norwegian author, Petter Dass (1647–1707), is presented and discussed based on his major secular work, Nordlands Trompet (The Trumpet of Nordland). This work is a learned, versified description, an encomium, modeled on the classics, to a region, i.e. what at that time was known as Nordlands Len (the county of Nordland). Petter Dass’ wording reflects the rhetorical norms of his time and the language purism of the late 17th century. His vocabulary is related to that of Danish literature of the time, but is supplemented by Norwegianisms and dialectal words and phrases from Nordland, Petter Dass’ home region, as well as loans from Latin, Low German, Dutch and Sami. The role of the Norwegianisms, the dialectal elements and the foreign parts of the vocabulary in Petter Dass’ poetry is discussed, as well as the representativeness of Petter Dass’ Norwegian vocabulary in general and of the Nordland dialect specifically. Petter Dass’ choice of words, his rhetorical intention and his most important literary sources and models are presented. Furthermore, the references to Petter Dass’ literary works in the most prominent Norwegian and Danish literary dictionaries are accounted for. Finally, the lexicographic value of early-modern literature is discussed. A more thorough lexicographic description of the language of Petter Dass has yet to be put forward, and alternative lexicographic presentations of Petter Dass’ literary vocabulary are suggested
1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. R.S. Goody
No full textMax-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung in Heidelberg unter der Anleitung von Prof. Dr. Ilme Schlichting durchgeführt. Hiermit versichere ich an Eides Statt, dass ich diese Arbeit selbstständig und nur mit den angegebenen Hilfsmitteln angefertigt habe
Performing the Author
No full textchs wird in seinem Aufbau durch die drei Phasen des Selbstfindungsprozesses, genauer der Selbsterfindung der ‚Schriftstellerin Yū Miri‘ in ihren Werken und ihren medialen Selbstinszenierungen strukturiert. Es gelingt Iwata-Weickgenannt sehr überzeugend, das Sichtbarmachen der performativen Konstruiertheit von Identität im Werk und Leben Yūs herauszuarbeiten. Sie zeigt dabei auch, dass das Konzept der Performativität ein sehr geeigneter Bezugsrahmen für die Analyse von Identitätsbildungsprozessen ist.The Japanese-Korean author Yū Miri (born in 1968), still fairly unknown in Germany, belongs to those successful contemporary Japanese authors for whom it is typical to be known and celebrated not only for their texts but also for their excessive media presence. The multimedia staging by the author of her self as the ‘author Yū Miri’ sparks just as much interest in the Japanese public and literary scene as do her literary texts. In her book, published by the Munich-based house Iudicium Verlag, Iwata-Weickgenannt provides not only a comprehensive overview of Yū’s literary works published between the years of 1994 and 2005, but she also thematizes the medial representation of ‘Yū Miri’ in her analyses. In the first section of her book, Iwata-Weickgenannt provides a very good overview of the field out of which Yū’s identity problematic as a Japanese-Korean author arises. The second main section of the book is structured along the three phases of the self-discovery process, or rather the self-creation process, o
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