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    The effects of acetylcholine on the thyroid gland of the lizard Podarcis s. sicula [EFFETTI DELLA SOMMINISTRAZIONE DELL'ACETILCOLINA SULLA TIROIDE DELLA LUCERTOLA PODARCIS S. SICULA]

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    The AA. describe the morphophysiological variations of the thyroid gland of the lizard Podarcis s. sicula after administration of acetylcholine in May and in October. This treatment shows an evident stimulating effect on the thyroid both in May, the period in which the gland is in functional activity, and in October, in which the gland is inactive

    Relationships adrenal gland-thyroid gland: Effects of ACTH and Bentelan administration on the morphology of the thyroid gland of Triturus cristatus

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    A group of adult male specimens of Triturus cristatus was treated with i.p. injections of ACTH 4 U.I. and another group with i.p. injections of Bentelan 7,5 γ. The thyroids were excised after 3, 7, 9 injections. The specimens were treated in February-March when the thyroid gland shows a strong functional activity. In treated specimens after 7 injections and much more after 9 injections of ACTH or of Betametasone the gland shows morphological signs of inhibition: the follicular epithelium is very low and the colloid is compact

    Triturus cristatus carnifex after treatment with insulin and glucagon [LA TIROIDE DEL TRITONE (TRITURUS CRISTATUS CARNIFEX) DOPO TRATTAMENTO CON INSULINA E GLUCAGONE]

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    In former studies the AA. have found that insulin and glucagon have a stimulating action on the thyroid of the lizard. The AA., who had already studied the seasonal cycle of the thyroid of T. cristatus have now studied the effects of the same hormonal treatment in this species that has blood glucose levels and seasonal cycle quite different from those of reptiles. Specimens of T. cristatus were treated with a single injection of 4 U.I. of insulin and 1, 3, 5 injections of 2A of glucagon in the summer. The control specimens in this period show gland in functional stasis, while from the results in treated specimens it can be concluded that also in Triturus, like in lizard, insulin and glucagon stimulate the activity of the thyroid particularly during the season in which the gland is inactive

    Morphophysiology of the thyroid gland of Triturus cristatus carnifex following treatment with adrenaline and noradrenaline [LA TIROIDE DEL TRITONE (TRITURUS CRISTATUS CARNIFEX) DOPO TRATTAMENTO CON ADRENALINA E NORADRENALINA]

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    The A.A. describe the aspects of morphophysiology of the thyroid gland of TRITURUS CRISTATUS CARNIFEX Laur. after administration of adrenaline and noradrenaline respectively in January and May. In January, the thyroid shows aspects of intense activity and the administration of adrenaline induces evident signs of a complete blockade. In May, the gland features a low activity and noradrenaline treatment has a noticeable stimulating effect on the thyroid

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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