2,660,353 research outputs found
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Full text linkBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Detecting and predicting thematic areas evolution of R&D and Innovation research
No full textThe literature dealing with the intersection between Research and Development (R&D) and Innovation is characterized by a huge number of scientific studies. In our opinion, there is the need to provide an overview of the main themes investigated. This could serve to highlight both outdated and emerging themes. Through a systematic review of the literature based on text mining methods on the topic “R&D and Innovation”, we identified seven significant clusters of research papers and articles in objectively justifiable patterns and sets that make possible the understanding of thematic areas evolution, that can be useful for the definition of future research avenues. We believe that our results are important for developing new streams of research and are useful not only for experienced scholars, but also for PhD students. They allow the possibility to figure out the evolution of thematic areas dealing with this topic, which implicitly leads to highlight the hottest ones in recent years, without traditional biases characterizing manual systematic reviews
[Affidavit in Any Fact by D. R. Archer #3]
No full textAffidavit In Any Fact by D. R. Archer in handwriting, concerning the shooting of Lee Harvey Oswald
R&D work environments 2015
No full text8 S.Successful innovation projects are the result of a complex inter-play of many different actors and activities. A critical - but somewhat neglected - success factor for research and development (R&D) and innovation projects lies in creating the favourable spatial conditions in which employees carry out R&D activities. Research has shown that designing physical environments can encourage processes that play a vital role in product creation, such as knowledge-sharing, learning and collaboration. To shed more light on how R&D workspaces may look like in the near future, the authors have conducted 13 interviews with R&D and innovation managers of leading Swiss and German companies over the course of six months. The results have been transformed into six "R&D workspace scenarios"
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
Evaluating the effectiveness of state R&D tax credits
Full text linkThis paper aimed to analyze the effectiveness of state R&D tax credit programs in the context of R&D-relevant policies and regional economic development policies. Although there were extensive theoretical recommendations for promoting private R&D, and state R&D tax credit programs have been one of the most popular regional economic development programs, only few evaluations of state R&D tax credit programs have been conducted. Inspired by this lack of previous study, this study provided an empirical finding for the effectiveness of these programs by applying a quasi-experimental approach, which means conducting experiments without randomness, for comparing states with tax credits and states with no credits.For dealing with the embedded non-randomness, plausible other explanations that weaken the causal relationship between the programs and the effects were examined and ruled out as much as possible. Rival hypotheses were selected using different tax and government policies, overall business and R&D-specific environments, and firm characteristics. They were eliminated by constructing valid control groups, using the difference-in-differences and matching methods, selecting covariates and matching variables as observable variables, and absorbing year-specific fixed effects and cross-sectional-fixed effects as unobservable variables. The decision was made based on multiple estimates and multiple datasets. The research analyzed two sets of industries: the all industry group and high-technology industy. The major findings are : 1) state R&D tax credits positively affect the increase in R&D spending and increase in employment; 2) positive effects on R&D spending are widespread across the all industry group while positive effects on employment are limited to high-technology industry overall; 3) positive effects on R&D spending are also spread out to different sized firms in both the all industry group and high-technology industry; and 4) positive effects on employment are found mainly in large firms in both the all industry group and high-technology industry.The above findings support the utilization of state R&D tax credits. As an indirect intervention, state R&D tax credit programs can increase productivity and encourage innovation by generating additional private R&D activities. State R&D tax credit programs can also make a positive contribution to regional economic growth through the growth of R&D-relevant and high-technology industries
The role of international and domestic R&D outsourcing for firm innovation
Full text linkFirms are increasingly outsourcing their high-tech services. Theory suggests that R&D outsourcing allows firms to specialize in core knowledge-intensive tasks, thereby increasing innovation, but R&D outsourcing may also undermine internal capabilities. Our goal is to empirically assess the relative importance of these two possibilities, distinguishing between national and international R&D outsourcing and firms' exporting status. We examine R&D purchases of more than 10,000 Spanish firms for the period 2004-2014. We show that R&D outsourcing improves firm innovation. Product innovation rises mostly with domestic outsourcing, while process innovation increases with both domestic and international R&D outsourcing. In addition, we find that international outsourcing provides an extra premium, mostly for exporters. Our results contribute to a better understanding of how firms organize the production of knowledge and innovation
[Affidavit in Any Fact by D. R. Archer #1]
No full textAffidavit in any fact by D. R. Archer, concerning the shooting of Lee Harvey Oswald
The Impact of R&D Investment On Productivity - New Evidence Using Linked R&D-LRD Data
Full text linkThis paper uses confidential Census longitudinal microdata to examine the association between R&D and productivity for the period 1972.1985. These data allow for significant improvements in measurement and model specification, yielding more precise estimates of the returns to R&D. Our results confirm the findings of existing studies: 1) positive returns to R&D investment 2) higher returns to company-financed research 3) a productivity "premium" on basic research These results are robust to our attempts to adjust for "influential" outliers. Also, it appears that the return to company-financed R&D (but not total R&D) is an increasing function of firm size.
International Journal of R&D Innovation Strategy
No full textThe International Journal of R&D Innovation Strategy (IJRDIS) is a leading international journal on research for R&D innovation strategy, science and technology policy, and technology management. This journal is focused on R&D strategy issues for the advancement, the policy, and the efficiency improvement in science and technology. Covering the full range of topics in R&D strategy design, R&D innovation, strategy mechanism, science and technology policy, interdisciplinary research, and R&D education issues
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