1,913 research outputs found
Hymenotorrendiella P. R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galan 2014, gen. nov.
No full textHymenotorrendiella P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán, gen. nov. Registration identifier: IF550522 Differs from Torrendiella by the Hymenoscyphus - or Calycina - type ascus apex structure and the contents of the living paraphyses comprising numerous globose vacuolar bodies. Type:— Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán Etymology:—refers to the phylogenetic position of this Torrendiella -like genus in a clade containing the type species of Hymenoscyphus. Apothecia 0.2–5 mm diam., with short to long stalk, disc whitish to cream or grey, exterior concolorous or light to black-brown, receptacle and often also stalk with dark brown setae. Asci 8-spored, apex distinctly conical, apical ring staining blue in IKI (without KOH, type bb), either of the Hymenoscyphus - type: forming a thin-walled tube restricted to the lower part of the apical thickening or extending to the apex, or sometimes of the Calycina - type: tube apically thicker-walled and here laterally extending, ring basally not distinctly projecting, not forming an apical chamber; base arising from croziers or simple septa (without basal protuberance). Ascospores non-septate when mature, hyaline, straight or slightly, rarely medium curved, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, fusoid, fusiform, or lemon-shaped (homopolar), containing in the living state some large and a few or many small oil drops (high lipid content), with a thin sheath around the entire spore that separates after discharge, sometimes with polar mucilaginous caps, overmature non-septate, spores sometimes budding ellipsoid microconidia (H. madsenii). Paraphyses cylindrical, straight, not or only slightly enlarged at the apex, containing many globose, small or large, strongly refractive, hyaline vacuolar bodies (living state), mainly in the terminal cell. Ectal excipulum comprising three layers: outer layer (ec1) one-layered, of meandering hyphae, encrusted with olivaceous to red-brown wall pigment, or hyaline and smooth; central layer (ec2) of prismatic or long-cylindrical cells, very slightly to strongly gelatinized, hyaline, rarely pale brown and encrusted; inner layer (ec3) of long-cylindrical hyphae, pale to bright brown, not or ± distinctly encrusted. Setae with dark brown, 1–3.5 µm thick wall, rooting or superficial, base unbranched or T- to L-shaped. Habitat:—developing on fallen leaves or dead wood, or bark of angiosperms. FIGURE. Torrendiella ciliata. a–c. Fresh apothecia. d. Ascospores. e, k, p. Mature asci. f–j. Ascus apices in IKI (h, after ejection). l–n. Paraphyses containing vacuolar bodies. s, o, q. Marginal setae. e, r. Simple-septate ascus bases with a basal protuberance. All elements in living state except for f–j (in IKI, unpretreated).— a, i–l. France, Charente-Maritime, Ile de Ré, les Maraises, Quercus ilex leaf (M.H. 71108, phot. M. Hairaud). b. Spain, Asturias, Somiedo, Quercus ilex leaf (E.R.D. 4435, phot. E. Rubio). c. Andalucía, Huelva, Galaroza,? Quercus suber twig (D.M.A. 20100116, phot. D. Merino). d–h, n–p, r. Valencia, El Saler, Quercus coccifera leaves (R.T. 10010501). m, q. ibid. (R.T. 11111202). Further included species: — H. andina, H. brevisetosa, H. cannibalensis, H. clelandii, H. dingleyae, H. grisea, H. guangxiensis, H. madsenii. FIGURE. Torrendiella ciliata. a. Fresh apothecium. b–c. Median section of receptacle at lower flanks. d. Median section of receptacle at margin. e. Surface view on ectal excipulum at margin, brown undulating cortical hyphae surrounding base of seta. f–i. Marginal setae. All elements in living state. ec1 = cortical layer of ectal excipulum, ec2 = gelatinized outer layer of main part of ectal excipulum, ec3 = non-gelatinized inner layer of ectal excipulum, em = non-gelatinized medullary excipulum.— a–d, f. France, Charente, Bourg-Charente, Quercus ilex leaf (M.H. 70712, a: phot. M. Hairaud). e, g–i. Spain, Valencia, El Saler, Quercus coccifera leaves (R.T. 11111202).Published as part of Johnston, Peter R., Park, Duckchul, Baral, Hans-Otto, Galán, Ricardo, Platas, Gonzalo & Tena, Raúl, 2014, The phylogenetic relationships of Torrendiella and Hymenotorrendiella gen. nov. within the Leotiomycetes, pp. 1-25 in Phytotaxa 177 (1) on pages 9-11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.177.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/514452
Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti P. R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galan 2014, comb. nov.
No full textHymenotorrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) P.R. Johnst., Baral & R. Galán, comb. nov. (Figure 7–10) Registration identifier: IF550523 Synonyms: Peziza eucalypti Berk. in Hooker, Flora Tasmaniae 2: 274, 1860; Dasyscyphus eucalypti (Berk.) Sacc., Sylloge Fungorum 8: 462, 1889; Zoellneria eucalypti (Berk.) Dennis, Kew Bulletin 13: 324, 1958; Torrendiella eucalypti (Berk.) Spooner, Bibliotheca Mycologica 116: 322, 1987. FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti. a. Ascospores. b. Ascus apices in IKI. c. Simple-septate ascus bases without a basal protuberance. d. Paraphyses. All elements in living state except for b.— Spain, Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas, on phyllodes of Acacia melanoxylon (H.B. 9664). FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti. a–d. Fresh apothecia. e. Phyllodes with apothecia. f–g. Ascus apices (g, right, after ejection). h–i, k. Ascospores. j. Detached sheaths of ascospores. l–n, r. Mature asci. o–p, s–w. Paraphyses containing refractive vacuolar bodies. q. Simple-septate ascus bases without a basal protuberance.All elements in living state (n, p, v in CRB) except for f–g, k (in IKI, unpretreated except for two left in g, KOH-pretreated).—a–w. Spain: a–b, f, w. Asturias, Pravia, Los Cabos (E.R.D. 3285, phot. E. Rubio). c–e, g-h, k, s–v. Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas (H.B. 9664). g, i–j, l–r. País Vasco, Vizcaya, Rebortun (J.F. 2012021201). FIGURE. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti. a–b. Apothecium in median section. c, f. Apothecium in bottom view, with projecting setae. d, h. Margin and flanks in median section showing ectal excipulum of textura prismatica (ec2) covered by a thin cortical layer (ec1), an inner layer of t. porrecta (ec3), and medullary excipulum (me). e. Upper part of setae. g, i–k. External view on ectal excipulum showing base of setae and in i–k, hyaline to pale brown, undulating cortical hyphae with included refractive vacuolar bodies. All elements in living state.— a–e, h–k. Asturias, Grado, Las Ablanosas (H.B. 9664). f–g. País Vasco, Vizcaya, Rebortun (J.F. 2012021201). FIGURE 0. Hymenotorrendiella eucalypti. a. Dry apothecia on leaf surface. b. Median section of receptacle. c. Detail of ectal excipulum near margin. d. Detail of ectal excipulum on stipe. e. Base of setae. f. Surface view on receptacle near margin, showing brownish rough cortical hyphae (squash mount). g. Detail of f. All elements in dead state (in 3% KOH).— a–d. Australia, Wilsons Promontory National Park (PDD 70279). e–g. Australia, Errinundra National Park (PDD 77802). Apothecia developing on fallen phyllodes, scattered to gregarious, erumpent through small cracks in darkened epidermis, mature apothecia 0.4–1.7 (–2.5) mm diam. when fresh, disc whitish-cream to pale yellow, flat, receptacle greyish-ochraceous to olivaceous with scattered, blackish-brown, straight setae, stipe 0.2–1 × 0.2–0.4 mm, translucent whitish-grey or brownish-olivaceous, sometimes darker towards base, setae sparse to absent. Asci *100–130 (–140) × (9–) 9.7–10.8 µm, †90–100 (–106) × (7–) 7.5–8.5 (–9.5) µm, 8-spored, pars sporifera *40–50 µm long, †72–80 µm, spores obliquely biseriate, living mature asci protruding 0–7 µm beyond paraphyses; ascus apex conical, wall at apex †1.3–2.7 µm thick, apical ring staining strongly blue (bb) in IKI, forming a thin-walled tube in lower 1/3–3/4 of wall, without apical chamber (Hymenoscyphus - type); base of ascus with short, thick stalk arising from simple septa without basal protuberances {2}. Ascospores *16–19 (–21) × 4–4.7 µm, †13.5–17.5 (–18.5) × 3–3.8 µm, fusiform with ± cylindrical middle part, homopolar, both ends subacute to acute, slightly inequilateral, straight to slightly (rarely medium) curved, containing 2–4 large lipid bodies (1–) 1.7–3.3 µm diam. in each half and many smaller ones, containing one central nucleus, with delicate sheath that slips off the spore; postmature spores sometimes 1-septate, not becoming pigmented. Paraphyses apically undifferentiated or slightly capitate-spathulate, terminal cell *(26–) 46–57 × (3–) 3.5–4.5 (–6) µm, containing strongly refractive hyaline vacuolar bodies (very pale yellowish with age), (1–) 2–4 µm wide globose to shortly-elongate, these staining bright turquoise-blue in aqueous Cresyl blue and deep red-brown in IKI, lower cells *13–27 µm long, often branched at lower septa. Ectal excipulum indistinctly 3-layered: outer layer (ec1) thin, of *2.7–6 µm wide hyphae that contain strongly refractive, globose vacuolar bodies and form an undulating network in surface view, encrusted by a rough, yellowish to olive-brown exudate 0.2–0.5 µm thick; central layer (ec2) at flanks of non- or slightly gelatinized, hyaline to very pale yellowish textura prismatica oriented at a 0–30° angle to the surface, 40–45 µm thick, cells *20–40 × 9–15 µm, more short-celled to isodiametric at upper flanks (*13–20 × 10–16 µm), layer at margin very thin and of t. porrecta; inner layer (ec3) of hyaline to pale brown t. porrecta, not encrusted; in stipe of similar texture, near base covered by larger amounts of red-brown exudate; complete tissue not staining in IKI, without crystals. Medullary excipulum of a rather dense, hyaline textura prismatica to textura porrecta, upwards oriented in centre, obliquely horizontal at the flanks, individual cells *35-75 × 6-13 µm, much shorter below the hymenium. Setae arising from the central layer of the ectal excipulum, rooting at a length of up to 30–40 µm, 220–307 × 7–8.5 µm, 7.5–10 µm wide at the swollen base, 7–10-septate, septa 0.4–1.5 µm thick, wall in middle and lower part 1–1.5 (–2) µm thick, smooth, blackish olive-brown, towards the tapered apex pale to medium olive-brown, terminal cell 4–6 (–7) µm wide, wall 0.5–0.8 µm thick. Habitat: — on dead, fallen phyllodes of Acacia sp. {1}, A. ? frigescens {1}, A. melanoxylon {7}, lying in moist litter. Subtropical to Mediterranean, indigenous in Australia, but introduced with its host to Europe, South America, and New Zealand. Phenology:—Northern Hemisphere November–February, Southern Hemisphere May. Specimens examined:— AUSTRALIA. Tasmania: unlocalized, on phyllode of Acacia sp., undated, W. Archer (K— Holotype). Victoria: Errinundra National Park, Result Creek Falls Tr., on Acacia ? frigescens fallen phyllodes, 24 May 1996, P.R. Johnston AU96-125 (PDD 77802, ICMP 15651). Wilsons Promontory National Park, Lilly Pilly Tr., on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 19 May 1996, P.R. Johnston AU96-37 & T.W. May (PDD 70279). CHILE. Fundo Las Palmas of the Universidad Austral de Chile, 18 km N of Valdivia, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 10 May 1994, M. Heykoop (AH 6895). NEW ZEALAND. Wellington, Rimutaka Forest Park, Catchpool, near park entrance, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 7 May 1997, P.R. Johnston D1283 (PDD 70105). SPAIN. Asturias: 5.5 km NE of Grado, 1.6 km SE of Villar, S of Las Ablanosas, 325 m, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 3 February 2012, J. Linde & E. Rubio (H.B. 9664). Avilés, naval harbour area, 10 m, on A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 18 February 2006, A. Suárez (AH 7636). País Vasco: Vizcaya, 17 km WNW of Bilbao, 2.2 km S of Muskiz, Rebortun, 92 m, A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 12 February 2012, J. Fernández Vicente (J. F. 2012021201, photograph only examined). Galicia: A Coruña, Fragas do Eume Natural Park, surroundings of the Caaveiro Monastery, 62 m, A. melanoxylon fallen phyllodes, 1 November 2000, M. Castro (AH 7649). Based on both morphological and genetic results, the following additional new combinations are proposed. Six out of the nine Hymenotorrendiella species are included in the phylogenetic analysis presented here, but all of the Nothofagus -inhabiting species described in Torrendiella by Johnston and Gamundí (2000), along with the undescribed species discussed by Johnston (2006, 2010), are genetically typical of Hymenotorrendiella (P.R.J., unpubl. data). Since sequences are not available for Torrendiella grisea or T. guangxiensis, their recombinations are based on morphological evidence alone:Published as part of Johnston, Peter R., Park, Duckchul, Baral, Hans-Otto, Galán, Ricardo, Platas, Gonzalo & Tena, Raúl, 2014, The phylogenetic relationships of Torrendiella and Hymenotorrendiella gen. nov. within the Leotiomycetes, pp. 1-25 in Phytotaxa 177 (1) on pages 11-16, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.177.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/514452
Abduction And Preferences in Linguistics. Extended Abstract
No full textKonczak K, Vogel R. Abduction And Preferences in Linguistics. Extended Abstract. In: Baral C, Greco G, Terracina G, eds. Logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning. Lecture notes in computer science. Vol 3662. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005: 384-388
The Effects of Expert and Referent Power on Knowledge Sharing and Knowledge Hiding
No full textPurpose – The purpose of this research study is to determine the ways in which employees’ personal power-expert and referent power influences their knowledge sharing and hiding behaviour. There are hardly any studies that have investigated the effects of employee power and expectations regarding the consequences of divulging knowledge. In this study, the authors investigate whether expected gains and losses in employee personal power influence employees’ willingness to participate in knowledge transfer.
Design/methodology/approach – The authors adopted a two-wave survey design and collected critical data from 288 employees of knowledge-intensive industries identified through online technogroups, such as Stack Exchange. In the first wave, out of the total, 192 knowledge workers attended the follow-up survey. The authors apply polynomial regression followed by surface response analysis to establish the effects of any discrepancy between the current levels of employees’ personal power and their expected levels if they divulge their unique critical knowledge.
Findings – The authors find out that employees having relatively strong personal power are more likely to share knowledge, and the expected losses in power are categorically associated with a reduced intention to share knowledge. The authors also observed an increased knowledge hiding with expected losses in power. Surprisingly, the authors find that these established negative outcomes are also specifically associated with the expected gains in personal power.
Research limitations/implications – The most significant contribution of this study is to establish that power plays an important but complex role in determining the employees’ participation in knowledge transfer activities. The authors specifically conclude that the optimal scenario for knowledge sharing is one in which the employees’ contributions are fairly valued and their reputation is not expected to change because of knowledge sharing.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first comprehensive studies that link power to both sharing and hiding of knowledge. This study is also unique in terms of its investigation of the effects of any discrepancy between current levels of employees’ personal power and their expected levels if they share or hide their unique critical knowledge. Thus, this research study is a unique contribution in terms of what and why of an untouched area in the entire knowledge management literature with a special focus on knowledge sharing and hiding
Fruit crops 1994: a summary of research
No full textEffects of nitrogen fertilization on total yield, different yield components, and foliar levels of 'Heritage' raspberry / D. R. Baral, G. A. Cahoon -- Influence of training stakes and various pruning and bending techniques on early performance of 'Fuji' apple trees / D. C. Ferree, J. C. Schmid -- Pilot project for integrated pest management in Ohio apple orchards / C. Welty -- Relationship of canopy micro-climate and apple tree fruit and leaf performance / D. Ferree, J. Tew, D. Miller, R. Brazee, R. Fox -- Effect of root pruning on shoot tip ethylene production and xylem concentrations of cytokinln and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in young apple trees / J. R. Schupp, D. C. Ferree -- Rootstock effects on spur characteristics, spur leaf nitrogen content and early production of apple trees / M. Rottgerman, D. Ferree, J. Schmid -- Inhibition of growth of crown-gall-causing bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) by polyamine synthesis inhibitors / T. Ponappa, A. R. Miller -- Relationships among apple weight, seed number, seed weight, germination date and apple seedling vigor / D. D. Miller, K. Kaiser -- Evaluation of organic and conventional fungicide programs for control of apple scab in Ohio / M. A. Ellis, L. V. Madden, L. L. Wilson, D. C. Ferree -- Evaluation of commercially available serological test kits for diagnosis of apple crown and root rot caused by Phytophthora spp in Ohio / M. A. Ellis, S. A. Miller -- A survey of the pest management practices, information sources, needs, and decision making criteria of Ohio apple growers / F. A. Hale, F. R. Hall -- Effects of cultural systems on the horticultural performance and fruit quality of strawberries / J. C. Scheerens, G. L. Brenneman -- Performance of new or uncommon strawberry cultivars grown under Ohio cultural conditions / G. L. Brenneman, J. C. Scheerens -- A comparison of spray drift deposited on ground and airborne spray collectors and on soybean plants / R. D. Fox, S. M. Hussein, D. L. Reichard, R. D. Brazee, F. R. Hall -- Experimental vs. computer-predicted air velocities for a cross-flow sprayer / R. D. Fox, R. D. Brazee, S. A. Svensson, D. L. Reichar
Understanding tuberculosis treatment completion in urban areas of Nepal
No full textNon-completion of tuberculosis (TB) treatment has been a major topic of debate ever since combined drug therapy started to be used. It has threatened global TB control and posed a challenge to many National TB Programmes (NTPs) especially in developing countries where the burden of TB is highest and the poor are worst hit. As a means of controlling TB, WHO advocated a strategy branded as DOTS, which includes direct observation of treatment (DOT). Many countries have implemented DOTS, so DOT has become a central component of NTPs’ TB control strategy. DOTS as a comprehensive package was shown to be successful in many countries: however, this success over-credited the direct observation component, which led to a focus on the concept of TB treatment completion. The Nepal NTP implemented DOTS in the late 1990s and has achieved high treatment success rates under DOTS, but has not been exempted from the debate. There have been many studies which have identified the need to minimise non-completion as vital to controlling TB: however, few have considered how non-completion could be tackled through establishing locally feasible patient-centred care within existing TB control procedures.
The overall aim of my study was, therefore, to gain a better understanding of experiences and issues faced by People Living with TB (PLTB) during the course of TB treatment under DOTS and identify appropriate ways of addressing the issues identified in the context of the NTP in urban setting in Kathmandu, Nepal.. The study used a qualitative research approach to investigate why and how different factors hindered or facilitated successful completion of TB treatment in an urban TB control setting in Nepal. The study used semi-structured qualitative interviews (49), focus group discussions (6) and observation techniques to generate data and a content analysis approach to analyse the data. Study respondents were PLTB; family members of PLTB; health care providers, NTP officials and community members.
My study shows that, as defined by the NTP, successful completion of TB treatment was not straightforward for PLTBs. PLTBs underwent TB treatment in very difficult circumstances, as various obstacles to successful TB treatment completion complicated the treatment process and thus made PLTBs and their families further vulnerable. Obstacles arising from causes related to the health system had a greater impact on PLTBs and their families than obstacles arising from causes related to the PLTBs
Molten-salt Synthesis Of Nanocrystalline Strontium Antimony Manganese Oxide (Sr2SbMnO6) : A Gaint Dielectric Constant Material
No full textHigh dielectric constant materials are of technological importance as they lead to the miniaturization of the electronic devices. For instance, in the case of memory devices based on capacitive components, such as static and dynamic random access memories, the dielectric constant will ultimately decide the level of miniaturization.
In this context, the observation of anomalously high dielectric constant (>10) in the double perovskite Sr2SbMnO6 (SSM) over wide frequency (100 Hz1 MHz) and (190373 K) temperature range has attracted a great deal of attention. However, unfortunately their dielectric losses were also high which limit their use for possible capacitor and related applications. The dielectric loss however was known to decrease with decreasing crystallite size in electroceramics.
Therefore, the present work has been focused on the synthesis of nanocrystalline SSM powders by moltensalt route. The characterization of the ceramics fabricated from these powders for their microstructural and dielectric properties. A cubic phase of SSM powder was obtained by calcining the as synthesized powders at 900°C/10h by using sulphate flux. The crystallite size was ~ 60 nm. The activation energy associated with the particle growth was found to be 95 ± 5 kJmol-1 . The ceramic sintered at 1075°C/16h exhibited high dielectric constant (>10at 1 kHz) with low loss (0.72 at 1 kHz) at room temperature. The results are interpreted in terms of a twolayer model with conducting grains partitioned from each other by poorly conducting grain boundaries. Using this model, we attributed the two electrical responses in impedance and modulus formalisms to the grain and grain boundary effects, respectively, while the detected Debyelike relaxation and large dielectric constant were explained in terms of MaxwellWagner relaxation
UHI Research Database pdf download summary Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats Link to author version on UHI Research Database Citation for published version (APA): Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats: a SWOT analysis of the ecos
No full textBull, J.w.; Jobstvogt, N.; Böhnke-henrichs, A.; Mascarenhas, A.; Sitas, N.; Baulcomb, C.; Lambini, C.k.; Rawlins, M.; Baral, H.; Zähringer, J.; Carter-silk, E.; Balzan, M.v.; Kenter, J.o.; Häyhä, T.; Petz, K.; Koss, R. Published in: Ecosystem Services Publication date: 2016 The Document Version you have downloaded here is: Peer reviewed version The final published version is available direct from the publisher website at: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.11.012 Link to author version on UHI Research Database Citation for published version (APA): Bull, J., Jobstvogt, N., Böhnke-henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., ... Koss, R. (2016). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework. Ecosystem Services, 17, 99-111. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the UHI Research Database are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights: 1) Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the UHI Research Database for the purpose of private study or research. 2) You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain 3) You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the UHI Research Database Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at [email protected] providing details; we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. We completed a SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services (ES) framework The ES approach is a useful interdisciplinary communication tool Implementation is hampered by incomplete science and inconsistent application The ES approach could benefit from more alignment with existing policies and tools Threats include insufficient funding and a loss of political will We discuss strategies in light of the SWOT for furthering the approach *Highlight
Λ c+ production in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
No full textA measurement of the production of prompt +c baryons in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC is reported. The +c and −c were reconstructed at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) via the hadronic decay channel +c →pK0S (and charge conjugate) in the transverse momentum and centrality intervals 6 < pT < 12 GeV/c and 0–80%. The +c /D0 ratio, which is sensitive to the charm quark hadronisation mechanisms in the medium, is measured and found to be larger than the ratio measured in minimum-bias pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV and in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV. In particular, the values in p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions differ by about two standard deviations of the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the common pT interval covered by the measurements in the two collision systems. The +c /D0 ratio is also compared with model calculations including different implementations of charm quark hadronisation. The measured ratio is reproduced by models implementing a pure coalescence scenario, while adding a fragmentation contribution leads to an underestimation. The +c nuclear modification factor, RAA, is also presented. The measured values of the RAA of +c , D+s and non-strange D mesons are compatible within the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties. They show, however, a hint of a hierarchy ( R D0 < R D+s < R +c ), conceivable with a contribution from coalescence mechanisms to charm hadron formation in the medium
Diagnostic Accuracy of Serum Cystatin C for Early Recognition of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
No full textObjectives. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major complications that develop over time in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum cystatin C in detecting diabetic nephropathy at earlier stages. Materials and Methods. This study was undertaken on 50 cases of T2DM and 50 healthy subjects as controls. Demographic and anthropometric data and blood and urine samples were collected. The concentration of serum cystatin C (index test) and traditional markers of diabetic nephropathy, serum creatinine, and urinary microalbumin (the reference standard) were estimated. Similarly, blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and urinary creatine were measured. Results. The mean ± SD serum cystatin C was significantly higher in T2DM as compared to control (1.07 ± 0.38 and 0.86 ± 0.12 mg/dl, respectively, p<0.001). The mean ± SD bodyweight, BMI, W : H ratio, pulse, SBP, and DBP were 66.4 ± 12.6 kg, 26.2 ± 5.6 kg/m2, 1.03 ± 0.09, 78 ± 7, 125 ± 16 mm of Hg, and 77 ± 9 mm of Hg, respectively, in cases. A significant difference in HDL cholesterol p=0.018 and serum cystatin C p<0.001 was observed among different grades of nephropathy. Cystatin C had a significant positive correlation with age (r = 0.323, p=0.022), duration of T2DM (r = 0.326, p=0.021), and UACR (r = 0.528, p<0.001) and a significant negative correlation with eGFR CKD-EPI cystatin C (r = −0.925, p<0.001). The area under ROC curve for serum cystatin C (0.611, 95% CI: 0.450–0.772) was greater than for serum creatinine (0.429, 95% CI: 0.265–0.593) though nonsignificant. Conclusion. Serum cystatin C concentration increases with the progression of nephropathy and duration of diabetes in Nepalese T2DM patients suggesting cystatin C as a potential marker of renal impairment in T2DM patients
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